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| Moreover, He is Good, Always the Same, Immutable, One and Only, Infinite; And His Own Name Can Never Be Declared, and He is Incorruptible and Immortal. PREVIOUS SECTION - NEXT SECTION - HELP
Chapter
IV. Argument.—Moreover, He is Good, Always the Same,
Immutable, One and Only, Infinite; And His Own Name Can Never Be
Declared, and He is Incorruptible and Immortal.
Him alone the Lord rightly declares good, of whose
goodness the whole world is witness; which world He would not have
ordained if He had not been good. For if “everything was
very good,”5035
consequently, and reasonably, both those things which were ordained
have proved that He that ordained them is good, and those things which
are the work of a good Ordainer cannot be other than good; wherefore
every evil is a departure from God. For it cannot happen that He
should be the originator or architect of any evil work, who claims to
Himself the name of “the Perfect,” both Parent and Judge,
especially when He is the avenger and judge of every evil work;
because, moreover, evil does not occur to man from any other cause than
by his departure from the good God. Moreover, this very thing is
specified in man, not because it was necessary, but because he himself
so willed it. Whence it manifestly appeared also what was evil;
and lest there should seem to be envy in God, it was evident whence
evil had arisen. He, then, is always like to Himself; nor does He
ever turn or change Himself into any forms, lest by change He should
appear to be mortal. For the change implied in turning from one
thing to another is comprehended as a portion of a certain death.
Thus there is never in Him any accession or increase of any part or
honour, lest anything should appear to have ever been wanting to His
perfection, nor is any loss sustained in Him, lest a degree of
mortality should appear to have been suffered by Him. But what He
is, He always is; and who He is, He is always Himself; and what
character He has, He always has.5036
5036 In
other words, God is always the same in essence, in personality, and in
attributes. | For increasing argues beginning,
as well as losses prove death and perishing. And therefore He
says, “I am God, I change not;”5037 in that, what is not born cannot
suffer change, holding His condition always. For whatever it be
in Him which constitutes Divinity, must necessarily exist always,
maintaining itself by its own powers, so that He should always be
God. And thus He says, “I am that I am.”5038
5038
Ex. iii. 14. [The ineffable name of the
Self-Existent.] | For
what He is has this name, because it always maintains the same quality
of Himself. For change takes away the force of that name
“That I Am;” for whatever, at any time, is changed, is
shown to be mortal in that very particular which is changed. For
it ceases to be that which it had been, and consequently begins to be
what it was not; and therefore, reasonably, there remains always in God
His position, in that without any loss arising from change, He is
always like and equal to Himself. And what is not born cannot be
changed: for only those things undergo change which are made, or which
are begotten; in that those things which had not been at one time,
learn to be by coming into being, and therefore to suffer change by
being born. Moreover, those things which neither have nativity
nor maker, have excluded from themselves the capacity of change, not
having a beginning wherein is cause of change. And thus He is
declared to be one, having no equal. For whatever can be God,
must as God be of necessity the Highest. But whatever is the
Highest, must certainly be the Highest in such sense as to be without
any equal. And thus that must needs be alone and one on
which nothing can be conferred,
having no peer; because there cannot be two infinites, as the very
nature of things dictates. And that is infinite which neither has
any sort of beginning nor end. For whatever has occupied the
whole excludes the beginning of another. Because if He does not
contain all which is, whatever it is—seeing that what is found in
that whereby it is contained is found to be less than that whereby it
is contained—He will cease to be God; being reduced into the
power of another, in whose greatness He, being smaller, shall have been
included. And therefore what contained Him would then rather
claim to be God. Whence it results that God’s own name also
cannot be declared, because He cannot be conceived. For that is
contained in a name which is, in any way, comprehended from the
condition of His nature. For the name is the signification of
that thing which could be comprehended from a name. But when that
which is treated of is such that it cannot be worthily gathered into
one form by the very understanding itself, how shall it be set forth
fittingly in the one word of an appellation, seeing that as it is
beyond the intellect, it must also of necessity be above the
significancy of the appellation? As with reason when He applies
and prefers from certain reasons and occasions His name of God, we know
that it is not so much the legitimate propriety of the appellation that
is set forth, as a certain significancy determined for it, to which,
while men betake themselves, they seem to be able thereby to obtain
God’s mercy. He is therefore also both immortal and
incorruptible, neither conscious of any kind of loss nor ending.
For because He is incorruptible, He is therefore immortal; and because
He is immortal, He is certainly also incorruptible,—each being
involved by turns in the other, with itself and in itself, by a mutual
connection, and prolonged by a vicarious concatenation to the condition
of eternity; immortality arising from incorruption, as well as
incorruption coming from immortality.E.C.F. INDEX & SEARCH
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