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| Eusebius having convened Another Synod at Antioch in Syria, causes a New Creed to be promulgated.
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Chapter VIII.—Eusebius
having convened Another Synod at Antioch in Syria, causes a New Creed
to be promulgated.
Eusebius, however, could by no
means remain quiet, but as the saying is, left no stone unturned, in
order to effect the purpose he had in view. He therefore causes a Synod
to be convened at Antioch in Syria, under pretense of dedicating the
church which the father of the Augusti had commenced, and which his son
Constantius had finished in the tenth year after its foundations were
laid, but with the real intention of subverting and abolishing the
doctrine of the homoousion. There were present at this Synod
ninety bishops from various cities. Maximus, however, bishop of
Jerusalem; who had succeeded Macarius, did not attend, recollecting
that he had been deceived and induced to subscribe the deposition of
Athanasius. Neither was Julius, bishop of the great Rome,267
| 267So called in distinction from the “New
Rome,” or Constantinople. Cf. Canons of Council of
Chalcedon, XXVIII.
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there, nor had he sent a substitute, although an ecclesiastical canon268
| 268The word ‘canon’ here is evidently used
in its general sense. There is no record of any enactment requiring the
consent of the bishop of Rome to the decisions of the councils before
they could be considered valid. There may have been a general
understanding to that effect, having the force of an unwritten law. In
any case the use of the word by Socrates is quite singular, unless we
assume that he supposed there was such an enactment somewhere, as is
implied by its use ordinarily.
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commands that the churches shall not make any ordinances against the
opinion of the bishop of Rome. This Synod assembled at Antioch in
presence of the emperor Constantius in the consulate of Marcellus and
Probinus,269
which was the fifth year after the death of Constantine, father of the
Augusti. Placitus, otherwise called Flaccillus, successor to
Euphronius, at that time presided over the church at Antioch. The
confederates of Eusebius had previously designed to calumniate
Athanasius; accusing him in the first place of having acted contrary to
a canon which they then constituted, in resuming his episcopal
authority without the license of a general council of bishops, inasmuch
as on his return from exile he had on his own responsibility taken
possession of the church; and then because a tumult had been excited on
his entrance and many were killed in the riot; moreover that some had been scourged by him,
and others brought before the tribunals. Besides they brought forward
what had been determined against Athanasius at Tyre.
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