Bad Advertisement?
Are you a Christian?
Online Store:Visit Our Store
| Banishment of Eunomius by Theodosius the Great. Theophronius, his Successor; of Eutychus, and of Dorotheus, and their Heresies; of those called Psathyrians; Division of the Arians into Different Parties; those in Constantinople were more Limited.
PREVIOUS SECTION - NEXT SECTION - HELP 
Chapter
XVII.—Banishment of Eunomius by Theodosius the Great.
Theophronius, his Successor; of Eutychus, and of Dorotheus, and their
Heresies; of those called Psathyrians; Division of the Arians into
Different Parties; those in Constantinople were more Limited.
Such subjects as the above,
however, are best left to the decision of individual judgment.
The emperor, about this period, condemned Eunomius to
banishment.1551
| 1551Soc. v. 20, 23, 24; Philost. x. 6. Soz. has some
independent points.
|
This heretic had fixed his residence in the suburbs of Constantinople,
and held frequent churches in private houses, where he read his own
writings. He induced many to embrace his sentiments, so that the
sectarians, who were named after him, became very numerous. He died not
long after his banishment, and was interred at Dacora, his birthplace,
a village of Cappadocia, situated near Mount Argeus, in the territory
of Cæsarea. Theophronius, who was also a native of Cappadocia, and
who had been his disciple, continued to promulgate his doctrines.
Having gotten a smattering, through the writings of Aristotle, he
composed an introduction to the study of the syllogisms in them, which
he entitled “Exercises for the Mind.” But he afterwards
engaged, I have understood, in many unprofitable disputations, and soon
ceased to confine himself to the doctrines of his master. But being
eager for new things, he endeavored to prove, from the terms which are
placed in the Sacred Scriptures, that though God foreknows that which
is not, and knows that which is, and remembers what has happened, he
does not always have that knowledge in the same manner with respect to
the future and present, and changes his knowledge of the past. As this
hypothesis appeared positively absurd to the Eunomians, they
excommunicated him from their church; and he constituted himself the
leader of a new sect, called, after his name, Theophronians. Not long
after, Eutychus, one of the Eunomians, originated another sect in
Constantinople, to which his own name was given. For the question had
been proposed, as to whether the Son of God is or is not acquainted
with the last hour; and for its solution, the words of the evangelist
were quoted, in which it is stated that the day and hour are known only
to the Father.1552
Eutychus, however, contended that this knowledge belongs also to the
Son, inasmuch as He has received all things from the Father. The
Eunomian presidents, having condemned this opinion, he seceded from
communion with them, and went to join Eunomius in his place of
banishment. A deacon, and some other individuals, who had been
dispatched from Constantinople to accuse Eutychus, and, if necessary,
to oppose him in argument, arrived first at the place of destination.
When Eunomius was made acquainted with the object of their journey, he
expressed himself in favor of the sentiments propounded by Eutychus;
and, on his arrival, prayed with him, although it was not lawful to
pray with any one who travels
unprovided with letters written in sacred characters, attesting his
being in communion. Eunomius died soon after this contention; and the
Eunomian president, at Constantinople, refused to receive Eutychus into
communion; for he antagonized him from jealousy because he was not even
of clerical rank, and because he could not answer his arguments, and
did not find it possible to solve his problems. Eutychus, therefore,
separated those who had espoused his sentiments into a personal heresy.
Many assert that he and Theophronius were the first who propounded the
peculiar views entertained by the Eunomians concerning divine baptism.
The above is a brief account of such details as I have been able to
give in order to afford a succinct knowledge of the causes which led
the Eunomians to be divided among themselves. I should be prolix were I
to enter into further particulars; and, indeed, the subject would be by
no means an easy one to me, since I have no such dialectic skill.
The following question was, in the meantime, agitated
among the Arians of Constantinople: Prior to the existence of the Son
(whom they regard as having proceeded out of nothing), is God to be
termed the Father? Dorotheus, who had been summoned from Antioch to
rule over them in the place of Marinus, was of opinion that God could
not have been called the Father prior to the existence of the Son,
because the name of Father has a necessary connection with that of Son.
Marinus, on the other hand, maintained that the Father was the Father,
even when the Son existed not; and he advanced this opinion either from
conviction, or else from the desire of contention, and from jealousy at
the preference that had been shown to Dorotheus in the Church. The
Arians were thus divided into two parties; Dorotheus and his followers
retained possession of the houses of prayer, while Marinus, and those
who seceded with him, erected new edifices in which to hold their own
churches. The name “Psathyrians” and “Goths”
were given to the partisans of Marinus; Psathyrians, because
Theoctistus, a certain cake-vender (ψαθυροπώλης
) was a zealous advocate of their opinions; and Goths, because their
sentiments were approved by Selinus, bishop of that nation. Almost all
these barbarians followed the instructions of Selinus, and they
gathered in churches with the followers of Marinus. The Goths were
drawn to Selinus particularly because he had formerly been the
secretary of Ulphilas, and had succeeded him as bishop. He was capable
of teaching in their churches, not only in the vernacular, but also in
the Greek language.
Soon after a contest for precedency arose between
Marinus and Agapius, whom Marinus himself had ordained bishop over the
Arians at Ephesus; and in the quarrel which ensued, the Goths took the
part of Agapius. It is said that many of the Arian clergy of that city
were so much irritated through the ambition displayed by these two
bishops, that they communed with the Catholic Church. Such was the
origin of the division of the Arians into two factions,—a
division which still subsists; so that, in every city, they have
separate churches. The Arians at Constantinople, however, after a
separation of thirty-five years, were reconciled to each other by
Plinthas, formerly a consul,1553
| 1553He held the consulate with Monaxius, a.d. 419.
|
general of the cavalry and infantry, a man possessed of great influence
at court. To prevent the revival of the former dissensions among them,
the question which had been the cause of the division was forbidden to
be mooted. And these occurrences took place later.
E.C.F. INDEX & SEARCH
|
