BOOK 9.

THE THIRD OECUMENICAL SYNOD AT EPHESUS, A.D. 431.

CHAPTER 1.

PRELIMINARY HISTORY. 127. The Pre-Nestorian Doctrine on the Union of the Two Natures in Christ, 128. Nestorius, 129. The Conflict between Cyril and Nestorius begins, 130. Synod at Rome, A.D. 430, and the Transactions connected with it 131. Synod at Alexandria, 132. The Anathematisms of Cyril and the Counter-Anathematisms of Nestorius CHAPTER 2.

BEGINNING, CONFLICT, AND VICTORY OF THE SYNOD OF EPHESUS. 133. Convocation of the Synod — The Papal and Imperial Commissioners, 134. First Session, June 22, 431. — Presidency and Number of those present, 135. Opposition. The Conciliabulum of the Antiochene Bishops, . 136. Letter of the Orthodox. Their Second Session, July 10, 137. Third Session at Ephesus, July 11,431. — Two Synodal Letters, 138. Fourth Session at Ephesus, July 16, 431, 139. Fifth Session at Ephesus, July 17, 431, and Two Synodal Letters, 140. Sixth Session at Ephesus, July 22, 431, 141. Seventh Session at Ephesus. Circular Letter and Canons, 142. The Affairs of Pamphylia, the Massalians, Thrace, and the See of Jerusalem... .. 143. Both Parties at Ephesus appeal to the Emperor, 144. Resolution of the Emperor. Arrest of Cyril, Memnon, and Nestorius.

Distress of the Synod, 145. The Creed of the Antiochenes. Their subsequent Letters, 146. The Emperor summons before him Deputies from both sides, 147. The Deputies of both Parties are summoned to Chalcedon, 148. the Emperor decides in favor of the Orthodox, and summons their Deputies to Constantinople, 149. The Ephesine Synod is dissolved, 150. Slanders on Cyril and S. Pulcheria, CHAPTER 3.

PROCEEDINGS WITH A VIEW TO UNION BETWEEN CYRIL AND THE ANTIOCHENES. OVERTHROW OF NESTORIANISM. 151. The Rupture still continues. Synods at Constantinople, Tarsus, and Antioch 152. The Pope and the Emperor attempt to mediate. Synods at Constantinople and Antioch. 153. Aristolaus travels to Alexandria. The Hopes of Peace increase, 154. Paul of Emisa is sent to Alexandria as Mediator, 155. The Union-Creed of the Antiochenes: it is accepted by Cyril, 156. Synod of the Antiochenes: Cyril’s Presents, . 157. The Union takes place, 158. The Union finds Opponents, but is defended by Cyril, 159. The Union is at last, although not without constraint, accepted universally, 160. Attack upon Theodore of Mopsuestia. Synods in Armenia and Antioch. Overthrow of Nestorianism, BOOK 10.

THE INTERVAL BETWEEN THE THIRD AND FOURTH OECUMENICAL COUNCILS.

CHAPTER 1.

THE SYNODS HELD BEFORE THE BREAKING OUT OF THE EUTYCHIAN CONTROVERSY. 161. Synod at Ritz in the year 439, 162. Synod at Orange, A.D. 441, 163. First Synod at Vaison, A.D. 442, 164. Second Synod of Aries, A.D. 443 or 452, 165. Synods at Rome and Bescancon, A.D. 444 and 445, 166. Three Oriental Synods at Ephesus, at Antioch, and in the Province of Hierapolis, 167. Spanish Synods, on account of the Priscillianists, in the years 446, 447, 168. Synods in Gaul, in Britain, and in Rome, A.D. 447, 169. Synod at Antioch, A.D. 447 or 448. Two Assemblies at Berytus and Tyre, CHAPTER 2.

EUTYCHES AND THE SYNOD AT CONSTANTINOPLE, A.D. 448. 170. The Monophysites begin the Conflict. Bishop Irenaeus and Theodoret are persecuted, 171 . Eutyches and his Accusers, 172. Synod at Constantinople, A.D. 448, 173. Eutyches and Flavian both endeavor to gain over public opinion to their side, 174. The Examination on account of the pretended Falsification of the Synodal Acts, CHAPTER 3.

THE ROBBER-SYNOD. 175. Convocation of the Synod, 176. The celebrated Epistola Dogmatica of Leo to Flavian, 177. Subsequent Letters of Pope Leo the Great on account of Eutyches, 178. The Proceedings at the Robber-Synod, according to their own Acts, 179. Testimonies of Antiquity respecting the Robber-Synod, 180. Fortunes of the Papal Legates who had been deputed to the Robber- Synod, CHAPTER 4.

THE ROBBER-SYNOD IS TO BE CONFRONTED BY A NEW AND GREATER COUNCIL. 181. Theodosius 2:1. for, Pope Leo I against, the Robber-Synod. Synods at Rome and Milan, 182. Pulcheria and Marcian come to the Throne, 183. Synods at Constantinople, 184. Pope Leo wishes to restore Ecclesiastical Unity without a new Council , 185. The Emperor Marcian summons an Oecumenical Council. The Pope assents, and nominates Legates, BOOK 11.