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1 CHRONICLES 12

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  1  The companies that came to David at Ziklag.
23  The armies that came to him at Hebron.


VERSE 1
- these are.
   * 1Sa 27:2,6 2Sa 1:1; 4:10
- while he yet, etc.  Heb. being yet shut up.
  Sometimes, in the East, when a successful prince endeavored
  to extirpate the preceding royal family, some of them escaped
  the slaughter, and secured themselves in an impregnable
  fortress, or in a place of great secrecy; while others have
  been known to seek an asylum in a foreign county, from when
  they have occasioned, from time to time, great anxiety and
  great difficulties to the usurper of the crown.  The
  expression shut up, so often applied to the extermination of
  eastern royal families.  (De 32:32.  1 Ki 10 14:10; 21 21:21.  2 Ki
  8 9:8; 26 14:26,) strictly speaking, refers to the two first of
  these cases; but the term may be used in a more extensive
  sense, for those who, by retiring into deserts, or foreign
  countries, preserve themselves from being slain by the men who
  usurp the dominions of their ancestors.  Thus the term is here
  applied to David, though he did not shut himself up, strictly
  speaking, in Ziklag.  It is described as a town in the
  country, and was probably an unwalled town; and it is certain
  that he did not confine himself to it, but, on the contrary,
  was continually making excursions from thence.

- Saul.
   * 1Ch 8:33; 9:39
- the mighty.
   * 1Ch 11:10,19,24,25


VERSE 2 
 - could use.
   * Jud 3:15; 20:16
- in hurling.
   * 1Sa 17:49


VERSE 3 
 - Shemaah.  or, Hasmaah.  Gibeathite.
   * 1Sa 11:4 2Sa 21:6
- Azmaveth.
   * 1Ch 11:33
- the Antothite.
   * 1Ch 11:28


VERSE 4 
 - Gibeonite.
   * Jos 9:3,17-23
- a mighty man.
   * 1Ch 11:15
- Gederathite.
   * Jos 15:36


VERSE 5 
 - Eluzai.  i.e., God is my refuge or strength; God of my
  gathering; God is my praise; God is my gathering strength (for
  flight).  <\\S#498h\\>.
- Jerimoth.  i.e., high places.
   * 1Ch 7:7
- Bealiah.  i.e., mastered of Jah; possession of the Lord.
  <\\S#1183h\\>.
- Shemariah.  i.e., guarded of Jehovah; kept by Jah.
  <\\S#8114h\\>.
- (1)  A soldier of David at Ziklag.
   * :5
- (2, 3) Two Jews who took foreign wives.
   * Ezr 10:32,41
- Shephatiah.  i.e., judged by Jah.
   * 1Ch 9:8
- Shephathiah.
   * 2Sa 3:4
- Haruphite.  i.e., descendants of Haruph or Hariph (i.e.,
  maturity; time of fruit); matured.  <\\S#2741h\\>.
   * Ne 7:24


VERSE 6 
 - Elkanah.  i.e., God has acquired.
   * Ex 6:24
- Jesiah.  i.e., Jah will lend; he will be lent of Jehovah.
  <\\S#3449h\\>.
- (1) An Israelite who came to David in Ziklag.
   * :6
- (2) A Levite.
   * 1Ch 23:20
- same as Jeshaiah in.
   * 1Ch 26:25
- Azareel.  i.e., whom God helps; helped by God.  <\\S#5832h\\>.
   * :6; 25:18; 27:22 Ezr 10:41 Ne 11:13; 12:36
- Azarael.
- (1) One that came to David to Ziklag.
   * :6
- (2) A singer to whom the eleventh lot fell.
   * 1Ch 25:18
- (3) A prince of Dan.
   * 1Ch 27:22
- (4) Father of Amashai.
   * Ne 11:13
- (5) One engaged at the dedication of the walls.
   * Ne 12:36
- (6) One who took strange wives.
   * Ezr 10:41
- Joezer.  i.e., Jah is help; he that aids or assists; Lord of
  help.  <\\S#3134h\\>.
- Jashobeam.  i.e., the people hath dwelt.
   * 1Ch 11:11
- Korhites.
   * Ex 6:24


VERSE 7 
 - Gedor.
   * 1Ch 4:18,39 Jos 15:58


VERSE 8 
 - into the hold.
   * :16; 11:16 1Sa 23:14,29; 24:22
- of war.  Heb. of the host.  handle.
   * 2Ch 25:5 Jer 46:9
- whose faces.
   * 1Ch 11:22 2Sa 1:23; 17:10; 23:20 Pr 28:1
- as swift as the roes upon the mountains.  Heb. as the roes
  upon the mountains to make haste.
   * 2Sa 2:18 Pr 6:5 So 8:14


VERSE 9 
 - Ezer.  i.e., help.
   * Ge 36:21
- Obadiah.  i.e., servant of Jah.
   * Ob 1:1
- Eliab.  i.e., my God is father.
   * Nu 1:9


VERSE 10 
 - Mishmannah.  i.e., fatness; fattening.  <\\S#4925h\\>.
- Jeremiah.
   * :4,13


VERSE 11 
 - Attai.  i.e., my time.
   * 1Ch 2:35
- Eliel.  i.e., my God is God.
   * 1Ch 8:20


VERSE 12 
 - Johanan.  i.e., God has grace.
   * 2Ki 25:23
- Elzabad.  i.e., God has endowed.
   * 1Ch 26:7


VERSE 13 
 - Jeremiah.
   * :4,10
- Machbanai.  i.e., bond of the Lord; he brought low my sons.
  <\\S#4344h\\>.


VERSE 14 
 - one of the least was over an hundred, and the greatest over a
  thousand.  or, one that was least could resist an hundred,
  the greatest a thousand.
   * Le 26:8 De 32:30


VERSE 15 
 - it had overflown.  Heb. it had filled over.
   * Jos 3:15; 4:18 Jer 12:5; 49:19


VERSE 16 
 - the children.
   * :2
- the hold.  See on ver.
   * :8


VERSE 17 
 - to meet them.  Heb. before them.  If ye be come.
   * 1Sa 16:4 2Sa 3:20-25 1Ki 2:13 2Ki 9:22 Ps 12:1,2
- heart.
   * 1Sa 18:1,3 2Ki 10:15 Ps 86:11 2Co 13:11 Php 1:27
- knit.  Heb. one.
   * Jer 32:39 Ac 4:32 1Co 1:10
- wrong.  or, violence.  God.
   * Ge 31:42,53 1Sa 24:11-17; 26:23,24 Ps 7:6 1Pe 2:23
- rebuke it.
   * Zec 3:2 Jude 1:9


VERSE 18 
 - the spirit.
   * Jud 6:34; 13:25 Isa 59:17
- came upon Amasai.  Heb. clothed Amasai.
   * 1Ch 2:17 2Sa 17:25; 19:13; 20:4-8
- Amasa.
  Thine are we.
   * 2Ki 10:5
- and on they side.
   * Ru 1:16 2Sa 15:21 2Ki 9:32 Mt 12:30
- peace.
   * Ga 6:16 Eph 6:23,24
- thy God.
   * 1Sa 25:28,29 2Sa 5:2 Zec 8:23 Joh 6:67,68
- captains of the band.
   * 1Sa 8:12; 22:7 1Ki 9:22


VERSE 19 
 - when he came.
   * 1Sa 29:2-4
- to the jeopardy of our heads.  Heb. on our heads.


VERSE 20 
 - As he went.
  These captains of Manasseh seem to have met David as he was
  returning from the army of the Philistines to Ziklag.  It is
  probable that they did not bring their companies with them;
  yet they both assured him of future assistance, and very
  seasonably helped him against the Amalekites who had spoiled
  Ziklag.

   * 1Sa 29:11
- captains.
   * Ex 18:21 De 1:15; 33:17


VERSE 21 
 - against the band.  or, with a band.
   * 1Sa 30:1-17
- mighty men.
   * :20; 5:24; 11:10,21,22


VERSE 22 
 - day by day.
   * 2Sa 2:2-4; 3:1 Job 17:9
- like the host of God.
  That is, says the Targumist, a very numerous army, like the
  army of the angel of God.

   * Ge 32:2 Jos 5:14 Ps 148:2


VERSE 23 
 - A.M. 2956.  B.C. 1048.  An. Ex. Is. 433.  the numbers.
   * 1Ch 11:1-3 2Sa 2:3,4; 5:1-3
- bands.  or, captains, or men.  Heb. heads.  came to David.
  Some learned men understand this as relating to the time when
  David was make king over Judah, on his first coming to Hebron:
  but it seems wholly to refer to his being made king over all
  Israel, after the death of Ishbosheth; for there was no such
  union or assembly of the several tribes on the former
  occasion, as is here described.

- to turn.
   * 1Ch 10:14
- according.
   * 1Ch 11:10 1Sa 16:1,3,12,13 2Sa 3:18 Ps 2:6; 89:19,20


VERSE 24 
 - spear.
   * 2Ch 25:5
- armed.  or, prepared.
   * Nu 31:5


VERSE 25 
 - children of Simeon.
   * 1Ch 4:39-43 Ge 49:5 Nu 2:12; 10:19; 13:5; 34:20 De 27:12 Jos 19:1
   * Jud 1:3 2Ch 15:9; 34:6


VERSE 26 
 - children of Levi.
   * :6 Ge 29:34 Nu 1:47


VERSE 27 
 - the leader.
   * 1Ch 9:20 2Ki 11:4,9; 25:18
- Aaronites.
   * 1Ch 6:49-57; 27:17


VERSE 28 
 - Zadok.
   * 1Ch 6:8,53 2Sa 8:17 1Ki 1:8; 2:35 Eze 44:15


VERSE 29 
 - kindred.  Heb. brethren.
   * :2 Ge 31:23
- the greatest part of them.  Heb. a multitude of them.
   * 2Sa 2:8,9


VERSE 30 
 - famous.  Heb. men of names.
   * Ge 6:4


VERSE 31 
 - the half tribe.
   * Jos 17:1-18


VERSE 32 
 - understanding of the times.
  That is, as the following words indicate, intelligent men, who
  understood the signs of the times, well versed in political
  affairs, and knew what was proper to be done in all the
  exigencies of human life; and who now perceived that it was
  both the duty and political interest of Israel to advance
  David to the throne.

   * Ge 49:14 Es 1:13 Isa 22:12-14; 33:6 Mic 6:9 Mt 16:3
   * Lu 12:56,57
- to know.
   * Pr 14:8 Eph 5:17
- all their.
   * Pr 24:5 Ec 7:19; 9:18


VERSE 33 
 - expert in war.  or, rangers of battle, or ranged in battle.
  keep rank.  or, set the battle in array.  they were not of
  double heart.  Heb. they were without a heart and a heart.
  That is, they were all sincerely affected towards David,
  though so numerous.

   * Ps 12:2 Joh 1:47


VERSE 34 
 - Naphtali.
   * Ge 30:8


VERSE 35 
 - Danites.
   * Jud 13:2


VERSE 36 
 - expert in war.  or, keeping their rank.
   * :33 Joe 2:7


VERSE 37 
 - the other side.
   * 1Ch 5:1-10 Nu 32:33-42 De 3:12-16 Jos 13:7-32; 14:3; 22:1-10


VERSE 38 
 - with a perfect heart.
  The meaning of this expression may be inferred from that of a
  double heart in ver. 33.  If a double heart be expressive of
  insincerity or duplicity, a perfect heart, which seems to be
  put in opposition to it, must signify a sincere, faithful, and
  entire attachment.

   * 1Ki 8:61; 11:4 2Ki 20:3 Ps 101:2
- all the rest.
   * :17,18 Ge 49:8-10 2Ch 30:12 Ps 110:3 Eze 11:19


VERSE 39 
 - eating and drinking.
   * Ge 26:30; 31:54 2Sa 6:19; 19:42


VERSE 40 
 - brought.
  The Septuagint reads [                  ,] "brought (to) them"
  which is probably correct; the Hebrew {lahem,} "to them" might
  be easily mistaken for {lechem,} "bread."  The passage will
  then read, "bought them on asses, on camels, and on mules, and
  on oxen, meat, meal, cakes of figs," etc., which renders the
  introduction of and unnecessary.  From the mention of oil,
  figs, and raisins, Mr. Harmer thinks that this assembly was
  held in autumn.

   * 2Sa 16:1; 17:27-29
- meat, meal.  or, victual of meal.  cakes of figs.
   * 1Sa 25:18
- there was joy.
   * 1Ki 1:40 2Ki 11:20 Pr 11:10; 29:2 Jer 23:5,6 Lu 19:37,38
   * Re 19:5-7



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