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Treasury of Scripture Knowledge -
1 SAMUEL 18
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1 Jonathan loves David.
5 Saul envies his praise;
10 seeks to kill him in his fury;
12 fears him for his good success;
17 offers him his daughters for a snare.
23 David persuaded to be the king's son-in-law, gives two
hundred foreskins of the Philistines for Michal's dowry.
28 Saul's hatred and David's glory increase.
VERSE 1
- the soul of Jonathan.
The modesty, piety, and courage of David were so congenial to
the character of the amiable Jonathan, that they attracted his
most cordial esteem and affection; so that the most intimate
friendship subsisted between them from that time, and they
loved each other with pure hearts fervently. Their friendship
could not be affected by the common vicissitudes of life; and
it exemplifies by fact what the ancients have written on the
subject; [ .] "Friendship is
an entire sameness, and one soul: a friend is another self."
* 1Sa 14:1-14,45 Ge 44:30 Jud 20:11 1Ch 12:17 Ps 86:11 Col 2:2
- loved him.
* :3; 19:2; 20:17 De 13:6 2Sa 1:26 Pr 18:24
VERSE 2
- took him.
* 1Sa 16:21-23; 17:15
VERSE 3
- made a covenant.
* 1Sa 20:8-17,42; 23:18 2Sa 9:1-3; 21:7
VERSE 4
- stripped himself.
Presents of clothes or rich robes, as tokens of respect or
friendship, are frequent in the East.
* Ge 41:42 Es 6:8,9 Isa 61:10 Lu 15:22 2Co 5:21 Php 2:7,8
VERSE 5
- behaved. or, prospered.
* :14,15,30 Ge 39:2,3,23 Ps 1:3 Ac 7:10
- wisely.
* Mt 10:16 Eph 5:17 Col 4:5
- the men of war.
* 1Sa 13:2; 14:52
VERSE 6
- Philistine. or, Philistines. the women.
* Ex 15:20 Jud 11:34 Ps 68:25 Jer 31:11-13
- instruments of music. Heb. three stringed instruments.
The original {shalishim,} is rendered by the Vulgate
{sistris.} The {sistrum} was an ancient Egyptian instrument
made of brass, with three, and sometimes more brass rods
across; which, being loose in their holes, made a jingling
noise when shaken.
VERSE 7
- answered.
* Ex 15:21 Ps 24:7,8
- Saul.
* 1Sa 21:11; 29:5
VERSE 8
- the saying.
* Es 3:5 Pr 13:10; 27:4 Ec 4:4 Jas 5 4:5
- displeased him. Heb. was evil in his eyes.
* Nu 11:1; 22:34 *margins
- and what.
* 1Sa 13:14; 15:28; 16:13; 20:31 1Ki 2:22
VERSE 9
- eyed David.
* Ge 4:5,6; 31:2 Mt 20:15 Mr 7:22 Eph 4:27 Jas 9 5:9
VERSE 10
- the evil spirit.
* 1Sa 16:14,15; 19:9; 26:19
- and he prophesied.
{Wyyithnabbai,} rather, "and he pretended to prophesy; for the
verb is in {Hithpa‰l,} the signification of which conjugation
is not only reflex action, but also affectation of the action:
Jer 29:26, 27. The meaning seems to be, that Saul, influenced
by the evil spirit, feigned to be prophesying, the better to
conceal his murderous intentions, and to render David
unsuspicious.
* 1Sa 19:24 1Ki 18:29; 22:12,20-23 Jer 28:2-4,11 Zec 13:2-5 Ac 16:16
* 2Th 2:11
- played.
* 1Sa 16:16,23
- and there was.
{Wehachanith beyad Sh„ool,} rather, "and the javelin was in
the hand of Saul;" for the javelin or spear was the emblem of
regal authority; and kings had it always in their hand, as may
be seen represented on ancient monuments. In ancient times,
says Justin, kings used a spear instead of a sceptre.
VERSE 11
- cast the javelin.
* 1Sa 19:9,10; 20:33 Pr 27:4 Isa 54:17
- And David.
* Ps 37:32,33 Isa 54:17 Lu 4:30 Joh 8:59; 10:39
VERSE 12
- afraid.
* :15,20,29; 16:4 Ps 48:3-6; 53:5 Mr 6:20 Lu 8:37 Ac 24:25
- the Lord.
* 1Sa 16:13,18; 22:13 Ac 7:9
- departed.
* 1Sa 16:14; 28:15 Ps 51:11 Ho 9:12 Mt 25:41
VERSE 13
- removed.
* :17,25; 8:12; 22:7
- he went out.
* :16 Nu 27:16,17 2Sa 5:2 Ps 121:8
Saul was sensible that the Lord was departed from him; while
he perceived, with evident sorrow of heart, that the Lord had
given David peculiar wisdom, and that he was with him to
prosper all his undertakings. This increased the disquietude
of his malevolent mind, and his dread of David as a prevailing
rival: he therefore removed him from his presence. This
impolitic step, however, served the more to ingratiate David
with the people, by affording him the opportunity of leading
them forth to victory over their enemies.
VERSE 14
- behaved. or, prospered. See on ver.
* :5
- the Lord.
* 1Sa 10:7; 16:18 Ge 39:2,3,23 Jos 6:27 Mt 1:23; 28:20 Ac 18:10
VERSE 15
- wisely.
* Ps 112:5 Da 6:4,5 Col 4:5 Jas 5 1:5; 3:17
VERSE 16
- all Israel.
* :5 Lu 19:48; 20:19
- he went.
* Nu 27:17 2Sa 5:2 1Ki 3:7
VERSE 17
- her will I give.
* 1Sa 17:25 Ps 12:2; 55:21
- valiant. Heb. a son of valour. the Lord's.
* 1Sa 17:47; 25:28 Nu 32:20,27,29
- Let not mine.
* :21,25 De 17:7 2Sa 11:15; 12:9
VERSE 18
- Who am I.
* :23; 9:21 Ex 3:11 Ru 2:10 2Sa 7:18 Pr 15:33; 18:12 Jer 1:6
VERSE 19
- Adriel.
* Jud 14:20 2Sa 21:8
- Meholathite.
* Jud 7:22
VERSE 20
- loved David.
* :28
- Ge 29:18,20; 34:3 Jud 16:4,15 2Sa 13:1 1Ki 11:1,2 Ho 3:2
- pleased him. Heb. was right in his eyes.
VERSE 21
- a snare.
* Ex 10:7 Ps 7:14-16; 38:12 Pr 26:24-26; 29:5 Jer 5:26; 9:8
- the hand.
* :17; 19:11,12
- this day.
* :26
VERSE 22
- commanded.
* Ps 36:1-3; 55:21
- servants.
* 2Sa 13:28,29 Pr 29:12
VERSE 23
- a light.
* 1Jo 3:1
- a poor man.
* 1Sa 9:21 Pr 14:20; 19:6,7 Ec 9:15,16
- and lightly.
* Ps 141 119:141
VERSE 24
- On this manner. Heb. According to these words.
* :24
VERSE 25
- dowry.
* Ge 29:18; 34:12 Ex 22:16,17
- but an hundred.
That is, Thou shalt slay one hundred Philistines, and thou
shalt produce their foreskins as a proof, not only that thou
hast killed one hundred men, but that these are of the
uncircumcised Philistines.
- foreskins.
* 1Sa 17:26,36 Ge 17:11-14 Jos 5:3
- to be avenged.
* 1Sa 14:24
- thought.
* :17 2Sa 17:8-11
VERSE 26
- the days.
* :21
- expired. Heb. fulfilled.
VERSE 27
- his men.
* :13
- slew.
* Jud 14:19 2Sa 3:14
- two hundred men.
The Septuagint has only [ ,] one hundred men; and
as Saul covenanted for a hundred, as David himself says, (2 Sa
14 3:14,) that he espoused Michal for a hundred, it is very
probable that this is the true reading.
VERSE 28
* 1Sa 24:20; 26:25 Ge 30:27; 37:8-11; 39:3 Re 3:9
VERSE 29
- yet the.
* :12,15 Ps 37:12-14 Ec 4:4 Jas 19 2:19
- Saul became.
* Ge 4:4-8 Joh 11:53 1Jo 3:12-15
VERSE 30
- the princes.
Of this war we know no more than that David, whose military
skill was greater, was more successful in it, than all the
other officers of Saul.
- went forth.
* 2Sa 11:1
- behaved himself.
* :5 Ps 99 119:99 Da 1:20 Lu 21:15 Eph 5:15
- set by. Heb. precious.
* 1Sa 2:30; 26:21 2Ki 1:13 Ps 116:15 1Pe 2:4,7
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