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Treasury of Scripture Knowledge -
1 SAMUEL 25
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1 Samuel dies.
2 David in Paran sends to Nabal.
10 Provoked by Nabal's churlishness, he minds to destroy him.
14 Abigail understanding thereof,
18 takes a present;
23 and by her wisdom,
32 pacifies David.
36 Nabal hearing thereof, dies.
39 David takes Abigail and Ahinoam to be his wives.
44 Michal is given to Phalti.
VERSE 1
- A.M. 2944. B.C. 1060. An. Ex. Is 431. Samuel.
* 1Sa 28:3
- mourned.
* Ge 50:11 Nu 20:29 De 34:8 Ac 8:2
- in this house.
* 1Sa 7:17 1Ki 2:34 2Ch 33:20 Isa 14:18
- the wilderness.
* Ge 14:6; 21:21 Nu 10:12; 12:16; 13:3,26 Ps 120:5
VERSE 2
- Maon.
* 1Sa 23:24
- possessions were. or, business was. Carmel.
Not the famous mount Carmel, in the north of Canaan, and in
the tribe of Asher; but a city, on a mountain of the same
name, in the south of Judah, which seems to have given name to
the surrounding territory. Eusebius and Jerome inform us,
that there was in their time a town called Carmelia, ten miles
east from Hebron, where the Romans kept a garrison, whose
position well agrees with this Carmel.
- man.
* Ge 26:13 2Sa 19:32 Ps 17:14; 73:3-7 Lu 16:19-25
- three thousand.
* Ge 13:2 Job 1:3; 42:12
- shearing.
This was a very ancient custom, and appears to have been
always attended with festivity. The ancient Romans, however,
used to pluck off the wool from the sheep's backs; and hence a
fleece was called {vellus,} a {vellendo,} from plucking it
off. Pliny says, that in his time sheep were not shorn every
where, but in some places the wool was still plucked off.
* Ge 38:13 2Sa 13:23,24
- Carmel.
* 1Sa 30:5 Jos 15:55
VERSE 3
- good.
* Pr 14:1; 31:26,30,31
- was churlish.
* :10,11,17 Ps 10:3 Isa 32:5-7
- and he was.
{Wehoo calibbee,} literally, "and he was a Calebite;" but as
the word {cailev} signifies a dog, the Septuagint has
understood it as implying a man of canine disposition, and
translated it, [ ,] "and he was a
doggish man." It is understood in the same way by the Syriac
and Arabic.
VERSE 4
- did shear.
* Ge 38:13 2Sa 13:23
VERSE 5
- greet him, etc. Heb. ask him in my name of peace.
* 1Sa 17:22 Ge 43:23
VERSE 6
- liveth.
* 1Th 3:8 1Ti 5:6
- Peace be both.
* 2Sa 18:28 *marg:
* 1Ch 12:18 Ps 122:7 Mt 10:12,13 Lu 10:5 Joh 14:27 2Th 3:16
VERSE 7
- thy shepherds.
In those times, and at the present day, wandering Arabs, under
their several chiefs, think that they have a right to exact
contributions of provisions, etc., wherever they come. But
David, though he lived in the wilderness like the Arab emirs,
had not adopted their manners: one of them, at the head of
600 men, would have demanded, from time to time, some
provision or present from Nabal's servants, for permitting
them to feed at quiet; and would have driven them away from
the watering place upon any dislike. David had done nothing
of this kind; but had protected them against those who would.
- we hurt. Heb. we shamed.
* :15,16,21; 22:2 Isa 11:6-9 Lu 3:14 Php 2:15; 4:8
VERSE 8
- a good day.
* Ne 8:10-12 Es 9:19 Ec 11:2 Lu 11:41; 14:12-14
- thy son.
* 1Sa 3:6; 24:11
VERSE 9
- ceased. Heb. rested. or, became quiet.
* Ge 8:4 2Ki 2:15 2Ch 14:7
VERSE 10
- Who is David.
* 1Sa 20:30; 22:7,8 Ex 5:2 Jud 9:28 2Sa 20:1 1Ki 12:16 Ps 73:7,8
* Ps 123:3,4 Isa 32:5,7
- there be.
* 1Sa 22:2 Ec 7:10
VERSE 11
- Shall I then.
* :3; 24:13 De 8:17 Jud 8:6 Job 31:17 Ps 73:7,8 1Pe 4:9
- flesh. Heb. slaughter. give it.
* Ec 11:1,2 Ga 6:10
- whom.
* :14,15 Joh 9:29,30 2Co 6:9
VERSE 12
- came.
* 2Sa 24:13 Isa 36:21,22 Heb 13:17
VERSE 13
- Gird ye.
* Jos 9:14 Pr 14:29; 16:32; 19:2,11; 25:8 Jas 19 1:19,20
- David also.
* 1Sa 24:5,6 Ro 12:19-21
- two hundred.
* 1Sa 30:9,10,21-24
VERSE 14
- railed on them. Heb. flew upon them.
* Mr 15:29
VERSE 15
- very good.
* :7,21 Php 2:15
- hurt. Heb. shamed.
VERSE 16
- a wall.
* Ex 14:22 Job 1:10 Jer 15:20 Zec 2:5
VERSE 17
- evil.
* 1Sa 20:7,9,33 2Ch 25:16 Es 7:7
- a son of Belial.
* :25; 2:12 De 13:13 Jud 19:22 2Sa 23:6,7 1Ki 21:10,13
* 2Ch 13:7
- that a man.
* 1Sa 20:32,33 2Ki 5:13,14
VERSE 18
- made haste.
* :34 Nu 16:46-48 Pr 6:4,5 Mt 5:25
- took two.
The Eastern bread is generally both thin and small; and
answers to our cakes.
* Ge 32:13-20; 43:11-14 2Sa 17:28,29 Pr 18:16; 21:14
- two bottles.
That is, two goatskins' full.
- five sheep.
Not one sheep to one hundred men.
- clusters. Heb. lumps. Raisins dried in the sun.
* 2Sa 16:1
- cakes of figs.
Figs cured and then pressed together. Now all this provision
was a matter of little worth; and had it been granted in the
first instance, it would have perfectly satisfied David, and
secured his good offices.
VERSE 19
- Go.
* Ge 32:16,20
- But.
* Pr 31:11,12,27
VERSE 20
- rode.
* 2Ki 4:24
- she came down.
David was coming down mount Paran; Abigail was coming down
from Carmel.
VERSE 21
- Surely.
* :13 Job 30:8 Ps 37:8 Eph 4:26,31 1Th 5:15 1Pe 2:21-23; 3:9
- he hath repaid.
* Ge 44:4 Ps 35:12; 38:20; 109:3-5 Pr 17:13 Jer 18:20 Ro 12:21
* 1Pe 2:20; 3:17
VERSE 22
- So and more.
Nothing can justify this conduct of David, which was rash,
unjust, and cruel in the extreme. David himself condemns it,
and thanks God for being prevented from executing this evil.
(ver. 32-34.)
* 1Sa 3:17; 14:44; 20:13,16 Ru 1:17
- if I leave.
* :34
- any that pisseth, etc.
This seems to have been a proverbial expression among the
Israelites; and may with the utmost propriety be read "any
male."
* 1Ki 14:10; 16:11; 21:21 2Ki 9:8
VERSE 23
- lighted.
* Jos 15:18 Jud 1:14
- fell.
* 1Sa 20:41; 24:8
VERSE 24
- fell.
* 2Ki 4:37 Es 8:3 Mt 18:29
- Upon.
* :28 Ge 44:33,34 2Sa 14:9 Phm 18 1:18,19
- let thine.
* Ge 44:18 2Sa 14:12
- audience. Heb. ears.
VERSE 25
- regard. Heb. lay it to his heart.
* 2Sa 13:33 Isa 42:25 Mal 2:2
- man of Belial. See on ver.
* :17,26
- Nabal. that is, fool.
VERSE 26
- as the Lord liveth.
* :34; 22:3 2Ki 2:2; 4:6
- and as thy. See on ch.
* 1Sa 1:26
- the Lord hath.
* :33 Ge 20:6
- from.
* Ro 12:19,20
- avenging thyself. Heb. saving thyself.
* Ps 18:47,48; 44:3
- now let.
* 2Sa 18:32 Jer 29:22 Da 4:19
VERSE 27
- blessing. or, present.
* 1Sa 30:26 Ge 33:11 2Ki 5:15 2Co 9:5
- follow. Heb. walk at the feet of.
* :42 *marg:
* Jud 4:10 2Sa 16:2
VERSE 28
- forgive.
* :24
- the Lord.
* 1Sa 15:28 2Sa 7:11,16,27 1Ki 9:5 1Ch 17:10,25 Ps 89:29
- fighteth.
* 1Sa 17:47; 18:17 2Sa 5:2 2Ch 20:15 Eph 6:10,11
- evil hath.
* 1Sa 24:6,7,11,17 1Ki 15:5 Ps 119:1-3 Mt 5:16 Lu 23:41,47
VERSE 29
- bound.
The metaphors in this verse are derived from the
consideration, that things of value are collected together,
and often tied up in bundles, like sheaves of corn, to prevent
their being scattered and lost, and that whatever is put into
a sling is not intended to be preserved, but to be thrown
away.
* 1Sa 2:9 Ge 15:1 De 33:29 Ps 66:9; 116:15 Mal 3:17 Mt 10:29,30
- with the Lord.
* Joh 10:27-30; 14:19; 17:21,23 Col 3:3,4 1Pe 1:5
- sling out.
* Jer 10:18
- as out of the middle of a sling. Heb. in the midst of the
bow of a sling.
VERSE 30
- according.
* 1Sa 13:14; 15:28; 23:17 Ps 89:20
VERSE 31
- grief. Heb. staggering, or, stumbling.
* Pr 5:12,13 Ro 14:21 2Co 1:12
- avenged.
* :33; 24:15; 26:23 2Sa 22:48 Ps 94:1 Ro 12:19
- remember.
* :40 Ge 40:14 Lu 23:42
VERSE 32
David overlooks the rich and seasonable present of Abigail,
though pressed with hunger and wearied with travel; but her
advice, which disarmed his rage, and calmed his revenge, draws
forth these high and affectionate gratulations. These were
his joyful and glorious trophies; not over his enemies, but
over himself.
* Ge 24:27 Ex 18:10 Ezr 7:27 Ps 41:12,13; 72:18 Lu 1:68 2Co 8:16
VERSE 33
- blessed.
* Ps 141:5 Pr 9:9; 17:10; 25:12; 27:21; 28:23
- which hast.
* :26
- avenging. See on ver.
* :26,31; 24:19; 26:9,10
VERSE 34
- kept me back.
* :26
- hasted.
* :18; 11:11 Jos 10:6,9
- there had. See on ver.
* :22
VERSE 35
- Go up.
* 1Sa 20:42 2Sa 15:9 2Ki 5:19 Lu 7:50; 8:48
- accepted.
* Ge 19:21 Job 34:19
VERSE 36
- a feast.
* 2Sa 13:23 Es 1:3-7 Lu 14:12
- merry.
* 2Sa 13:28 1Ki 20:16 Pr 20:1; 23:29-35 Ec 2:2,3; 10:19
* Isa 28:3,7,8 Jer 51:57 Da 5:1-5 Na 1:10 Hab 2:15,16 Lu 21:34
* Ro 13:13 Eph 5:18 1Th 5:7,8
- she told him.
* :19 Ps 112:5 Mt 10:16 Eph 5:14
VERSE 37
- had told him.
* :22,34
- his heart.
* De 28:28 Job 15:21,22 Pr 23:29-35
VERSE 38
- the Lord.
* :33; 6:9 Ex 12:29 2Ki 15:5; 19:35 2Ch 10:15 Ac 12:23
VERSE 39
- Blessed.
* :32 Jud 5:2 2Sa 22:47-49 Ps 58:10,11 Re 19:1-4
- pleaded.
* Pr 22:23 La 3:58-60 Mic 7:9
- kept his servant.
* :26,34 Ho 2:6,7 2Co 13:7 1Th 5:23 2Ti 4:18
- hath returned.
* 2Sa 3:28,29 1Ki 2:44 Es 7:10 Ps 7:16
- to take her.
It is probable that David had heard that Saul, to cut off his
pretensions to the throne, had married Michal to Phalti; and
this justified him in taking Abigail, it not being then
unlawful for a man to have several wives. This conduct of
David's corresponds with the manner in which the Oriental
princes generally form their matrimonial alliances. "The king
of Abyssinia," says Mr. Bruce, "sends an officer to the house
where the lady lives, who announces to her that it is the
king's pleasure she should remove instantly to the palace.
She then dresses herself in the best manner, and immediately
obeys. Thenceforward he assigns her an apartment in the
palace, and gives her a house elsewhere in any part she
chooses."
* Pr 18:22; 19:14; 31:10,30
VERSE 40
- David sent.
* Ge 24:37,38,51
VERSE 41
- thine.
* Ru 2:10,13 Pr 15:33; 18:12
- to wash.
* Ge 18:4 Joh 13:3-5 1Ti 5:10
VERSE 42
- Abigail.
* Ge 24:61-67 Ps 45:10,11
- after her. Heb. at her feet.
* :27
VERSE 43
- Jezreel.
* Jos 15:56 2Sa 3:2
- both.
* Ge 2:24 Mt 19:5,8
- his wives.
* 1Sa 27:3; 30:5 2Sa 5:13-16
VERSE 44
- But Saul.
Rather, "For Saul," etc., as the particle [Vƒv,] {wav,}
frequently signifies; this being the cause why David took
another wife.
- Michal.
* 1Sa 18:20,27
- Phalti.
* 2Sa 3:14,14
- Phaltiel. Gallim.
This town appears to have been situated in the tribe of
Benjamin, as it is mentioned in Isa 10:30, with Michmash,
Geba, etc.
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