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2 SAMUEL 19

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  1  Joab causes the king to cease his mourning.
 9  The Israelites are earnest to bring the king back.
11  David sends to the priests to incite them of Judah.
18  Shimei is pardoned;
24  Mephibosheth excused;
32  Barzillai dismissed, and Chimham his son taken into the
    king's family.
41  The Israelites expostulate with Judah for bringing home the
    king without them.


VERSE 1
   * 2Sa 18:5,12,14,20,33 Pr 17:25


VERSE 2 
 - victory.  Heb. salvation, or, deliverance.  turned.
   * Pr 16:15; 19:12


VERSE 3 
 - into the city.
   * :32; 17:24
- steal.
   * Ge 31:27


VERSE 4 
 - covered.  See on ch.
   * 2Sa 15:30
- O my son.
  It is allowed by competent critics that the lamentation of
  David over his son, of which this forms a part, is exceedingly
  pathetic; and Calmet properly remarks, that the frequent
  repetition of the name of the deceased is common in the
  language of lamentation.

   * 2Sa 18:33


VERSE 5 
 - Thou hast.
  Every one must admit that David's immoderate grief for his
  rebellious son was imprudent, and that Joab's firm and
  sensible reproof was necessary to arouse him to a sense of his
  duty to his people:  but, in his manner, Joab far exceeded the
  bounds of that reverence which a servant owes to his master,
  or a subject to his prince.

- saved.
   * Ne 9:27 Ps 3:8; 18:47,48


VERSE 6 
 - In that, etc.  Heb. By loving, etc.  thou regardest, etc.
  Heb. princes or servants are not to thee.  then it had.
   * 2Sa 3:24,25 Job 34:18 Pr 19:9,10 Ac 23:5


VERSE 7 
 - comfortably unto thy.  Heb. to the heart of thy.
   * Ge 34:3 Pr 19:15 Isa 40:1 Ho 2:14 *marg:
- there.
   * Pr 14:28
- all the evil.
   * Ps 71:4-6,9-11,18-20; 129:1,2


VERSE 8 
 - sat in the gate.
  How prudently and mildly David took the reproof and counsel
  given him!  He shook off his grief, anointed his head, and
  washed his face, that he might not appear unto men to mourn,
  and then made his appearance at the gate of the city, which
  was the public place of resort for the hearing of causes and
  giving judgment, as well as a place to ratify special
  bargains.  Thither the people flocked to congratulate him on
  his and their safety, and that all was well.  When we are
  convinced of a fault, we must amend, though we are  told of it
  by our inferiors in a way which is peculiarly painful to our
  natural feelings.  This ancient custom still obtains in the
  East; for when Dr. Pococke returned from viewing the town of
  ancient Byblus, he says, "The sheik and the elders were
  sitting in the gate of the city, after the ancient manner, and
  I sat awhile with them."

   * 2Sa 18:4,24
- for Israel.
   * :3; 18:6-8 1Ki 22:36 2Ki 14:12


VERSE 9 
 - strife.
   * Ge 3:12,13 Ex 32:24 Jas 3:14-16
- The king.
   * 2Sa 8:10 1Sa 17:50; 18:5-7,25; 19:5
- he is fled.
   * 2Sa 15:14


VERSE 10 
 - whom.
   * 2Sa 15:12,13 Ho 8:4
- is dead.
   * 2Sa 18:14
- speak ye not a word.  Heb. are ye silent?
   * Jud 18:9


VERSE 11 
 - sent.
   * 2Sa 15:29,35,36 1Ki 2:25,26,35
- Speak.
   * 2Co 5:20
- Why are.
   * Mt 5:16 2Th 3:9


VERSE 12 
 - my bones.
   * 2Sa 5:1 Ge 2:23 Jud 9:2 Eph 5:30


VERSE 13 
 - Amasa.
   * 2Sa 17:25 1Ch 2:16,17; 12:18
- God.
   * Ru 1:17 1Ki 19:2
- room of Joab.
   * :5-7; 3:29,30; 8:16; 18:11


VERSE 14 
 - he bowed.
  The measures that he pursued were the best calculated that
  could be adopted for accomplishing this salutary end.  David
  appears to take no notice of their infidelity, but rather to
  place confidence in them, that their confidence in him might
  be naturally excited; and to oblige them yet farther, purposes
  to make Amasa general of the army, instead of Joab.

- even.
   * Jud 20:1 Ps 110:2,3 Ac 4:32


VERSE 15 
 - Gilgal.
   * Jos 5:9 1Sa 11:14,15


VERSE 16 
 - Shimei.
  It appears that Shimei was a powerful chieftain in the land;
  for he had here in his retinue no less than a thousand men.

   * 2Sa 16:5-13 1Ki 2:8,36-46
- hasted.
   * Job 2:4 Pr 6:4,5 Mt 5:25


VERSE 17 
 - Ziba.
   * :26,27; 9:2,10; 16:1-4


VERSE 18 
 - And there.
  The LXX. connecting this the with preceding verse, render,
  [                                                    ,] "and
  they made ready Jordan before the king, and did the necessary
  service to bring over the king;" and the Vulgate has, {et
  irrumpentes Jordanem, ante regem transierunt vada, ut
  traducerent domum regis,} "and breaking into Jordan, they
  passed the fords before the king, to bring over the king's
  household."  Josephus says they prepared a bridge over the
  Jordan, to facilitate his passage.

- what he thought good.  Heb. the good in his eyes.  fell down.
   * Ps 66:3; 81:15 Re 3:9


VERSE 19 
 - And said.
   * Ec 10:4
- Let not.
   * 1Sa 22:15 Ps 32:2 Ro 4:6-8 2Co 5:19
- remember.
   * Ps 79:8 Isa 43:25 Jer 31:34
- did perversely.
   * 2Sa 16:5-9,10-14 Ex 10:16,17 1Sa 26:21 Mt 27:4
- take it.
   * 2Sa 13:20,33 1Sa 25:25


VERSE 20 
 - I am come.
   * Ps 78:34-37 Jer 22:23 Ho 5:15
- Joseph.
   * :9; 16:5 Ge 48:14,20 1Ki 12:20,25 Ho 4:15-17; 5:3


VERSE 21 
 - Shall not.
   * Ex 22:28 1Ki 21:10,11
- cursed.
   * 2Sa 16:5,7,13 1Sa 24:6; 26:9


VERSE 22 
 - What have.
   * 2Sa 3:39; 16:10 1Sa 26:8 Mt 8:29
- shall there any man.
   * 1Sa 11:13 Isa 16:5 Lu 9:54-56


VERSE 23 
 - Thou shalt.
   * 1Ki 2:8,9,37,46
- sware.
   * 1Sa 28:10; 30:15 Heb 6:16


VERSE 24 
 - Mephibosheth.
   * 2Sa 9:6; 16:3
- dressed his feet.
  Literally, made his feet, which seems to mean washing the feet
  paring the nails, and perhaps anointing or otherwise perfuming
  them, if not tinging the nails with henna; see Note on De
  12 21:12.  Sir John Chardin, in his MS. note on this place,
  informs us, that it is customary in the East to have as much
  care of the feet as the hands; and that their barbers cut and
  adjust the nails with a proper instrument, because they often
  go barefoot.  The nails of the toes of the mummies inspected
  in London in 1763, of which an account is given in the
  Philosophical Transactions for 1764, seem to have been tinged
  with some reddish color.

   * 2Sa 15:30 Isa 15:2 Jer 41:5 Mt 6:16 Ro 12:15 Heb 13:3
- trimmed.
  Literally, made his beard, which may mean, combing, curling,
  and perfuming it.  But Mr. Morier says that they almost
  universally dye the beard black, by successive layers of a
  paste made of henna, and another made of the leaf of the
  indigo:  the first tinging with an orange color, and the next
  with a dark bottle green, which becomes jet black when exposed
  to the air for twenty-four hours.


VERSE 25 
 - Wherefore.
   * 2Sa 16:17


VERSE 26 
 - I will saddle.
   * 2Sa 16:2,3
- thy servant.
   * 2Sa 4:4


VERSE 27 
 - slandered.
   * 2Sa 16:3 Ex 20:16 Ps 15:3; 101:5 Jer 9:4
- as an angel.
   * 2Sa 14:17,20 1Sa 29:9


VERSE 28 
 - were.
   * Ge 32:10
- dead men.  Heb. men of death.
   * 1Sa 26:16
- didst thou.
   * 2Sa 9:7,8,10,13
- to cry.
   * 2Ki 8:3


VERSE 29 
 - Why speakest.
   * Job 19:16,17 Pr 18:13 Ac 18:15
- Thou.
   * De 19:17-19 Ps 82:2; 101:5


VERSE 30 
 - Yea.
   * 2Sa 1:26 Ac 20:24 Php 1:20

VERSE 31
    * 1Ki 2:7 Ezr 2:61 Ne 7:63


VERSE 32 
 - fourscore.
   * Ge 5:27; 9:29; 25:7; 47:28; 50:26 De 34:7 Ps 90:3-10 Pr 16:31
- provided.
   * 2Sa 17:27
- for he was.
   * 1Sa 25:2 Job 1:3


VERSE 33 
 - Come thou.
   * 2Sa 9:11 Mt 25:34-40 Lu 22:28-30 2Th 1:7


VERSE 34 
 - How long have I to live?  Heb. How many days are the years of
  my life?
   * Ge 47:9 Job 14:14 Ps 39:5,6 1Co 7:29 Jas 4:14


VERSE 35 
 - can I discern.
   * Job 6:30; 12:11 Heb 5:14 1Pe 2:3
- taste.
   * Ec 12:1-5
- I hear.
   * Ezr 2:65 Ne 7:67 Ex 2:8; 12:4
- a burden.
   * 2Sa 13:25; 15:33


VERSE 36 
 - the king.
   * Lu 6:38


VERSE 37 
 - Let thy.
  The whole of this little episode is extremely interesting, and
  contains an affecting description of the infirmities of old
  age.  The venerable and kind Barzillai was fourscore years
  old; his ear was become dull of hearing, and his relish for
  even royal dainties was gone:  the evil days had arrived in
  which he was constrained to say, "I have no pleasure in them."
  (Ec 12:1.)  As he was too old either to enjoy the pleasures of
  a court, or to be of any further service to the king, he
  finishes his affecting address to the aged monarch with the
  request, that he would suffer him to enjoy what old men
  naturally desire, to "die in mine own city, and be buried by
  the grave of my father and mother;" at the same time
  commending his son Chimham to his kind offices.

- I may die.
   * Ge 48:21 Jos 23:14 Lu 2:29,30 2Ti 4:6 2Pe 1:14
- by the grave.
   * Ge 47:30; 49:29-31; 50:13 1Ki 13:22
- Chimham.
   * :40 1Ki 2:7 Jer 41:17


VERSE 38 
 - require.  Heb. choose.
   * :38


VERSE 39 
 - the king.
  The kiss was the token of friendship and farewell; the
  blessing was a prayer to God for his prosperity:  probably a
  prophetical benediction.

- kissed Barzillai.
   * Ge 31:55; 45:15 Ru 1:14 1Ki 19:20 Ac 20:37 1Th 5:26
- blessed.
   * 2Sa 6:18,20; 13:25 Ge 14:19; 28:3; 47:7,10 Lu 2:34
- returned.
   * Ge 31:55 Nu 24:25 1Sa 24:22


VERSE 40 
 - Chimham.  Heb. Chimhan.  all the people.
   * :11-15 Ge 49:10 Mt 21:9


VERSE 41 
 - Why have.
   * Jud 8:1; 12:1 Joh 7:5,6
- stolen.
   * :3 Ge 31:26,27


VERSE 42 
 - Because.
   * :12; 5:1 1Ch 2:3-17


VERSE 43 
 - We have.
   * 2Sa 20:1,6 1Ki 12:16
- ten parts.
   * 2Sa 5:1 Pr 13:10
- despise us.  Heb. set us at light.  our advice.
   * :9,14 Ga 5:20,26 Php 2:3
- the words.
   * Jud 8:1; 9:23; 12:1-6 Pr 15:1; 17:14; 18:19 Ro 12:21 Ga 5:15,20
   * Jas 20 1:20; 3:2-10,14-16; 4:1-5
  Whatever value or respect the men of Israel at this time
  professed for their king, they would not have quarrelled so
  fiercely about their own credit and interest in recalling him,
  if they had been truly sorry for their former rebellion.



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