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Treasury of Scripture Knowledge -
DEUTERONOMY 21
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1 The expiation of an uncertain murder.
10 The usage of a captive taken to wife.
15 The first-born is not to be disinherited upon private
affection.
18 A rebellious son is to be stoned to death.
22 The malefactor must not hang all night on a tree.
VERSE 1
* Ps 5:6; 9:12 Pr 28:17 Isa 26:21 Ac 28:4
VERSE 2
- See on ch.
* De 16:18,19 Ro 13:3,4
VERSE 3
- an.
* Nu 19:2 Jer 31:18 Mt 11:28-30 Php 2:8
VERSE 4
- a rough valley.
As the word {nachal} signifies both a torrent, and the valley
or glen through which it flows, {nachal aithan} may be
rendered a rapid torrent. Many torrents in Judea are dry
during a great part of the year; when not only their banks but
their beds may be ploughed, and yield a crop. Hence there is
no impropriety in specifying that such a place should be one
that "is neither cared nor sown;" while the circumstance that
the elders were to wash their hands over the heifer, whose
head had been struck off into the stream, confirms this
interpretation. The spot of ground where this sacrifice was
made must be uncultivated, because it was considered as a
sacrifice for the atonement of murder, and, consequently,
would pollute the land.
- shall strike.
* 1Pe 2:21-24; 3:18
VERSE 5
- for them. See on ch.
* De 10:8; 18:5 Nu 6:22-27 1Ch 23:13
- by their word. See on ch.
* De 17:8-12 Mal 2:7
- word. Heb. mouth.
VERSE 6
- wash their hands.
Washing the hands was anciently a symbolical action, denoting
that the person was innocent of the crime in question.
* Job 9:30 Ps 19:12; 26:6; 51:2,7,14; 73:13 Jer 2:22 Mt 27:24,25
* Heb 9:10
VERSE 7
* Nu 5:19-28 2Sa 16:8 Job 21:21-23,31-34 Ps 7:3,4
VERSE 8
- lay not.
* Nu 35:33 2Sa 3:28 2Ki 24:4 Ps 19:12 Jer 26:15 Eze 23:3,24,25
* Jon 1:14 Mt 23:35 1Th 2:15,16
- unto thy people. Heb. in the midst.
VERSE 9
- shalt thou. See on ch.
* De 19:12,13
- when thou shalt.
* De 13:18 2Ki 10:30,31
VERSE 10
- thou goest.
* De 20:10-16
VERSE 11
- desire.
* Ge 6:2; 12:14,15; 29:18-20; 34:3,8 Jud 14:2,3 Pr 6:25; 31:10,30
- that.
* Nu 31:18
VERSE 12
- and she shall.
This was in token of renouncing her religion, and becoming a
proselyte to that of the Jews. This is still a custom in the
East: when a Christian turns Mohammedan, his head is shaved,
and he is carried through the city, crying, {la eelah eela
allah wemochammed resoolu 'llahee,} "There is no God but the
God, and Mohammed is the prophet of God."
* 1Co 11:6 Eph 4:22
- pare her nails. or, suffer to grow. Heb. make, or dress.
{W‰ƒsethah eth tzipparneyha,} "and she shall make her nails;"
i.e., probably neither paring nor letting them grow, but
dressing or beautifying them as the Eastern women still do by
tinging them with the leaves of an odoriferous plant called
{alhenna,} which Hasselquist (p. 246) informs us, "grows in
India and in upper and lower Egypt, flowering from May to
August. The leaves are pulverized and made into a paste with
water: they bind this paste on the nails of their hands and
feet, and keep it on all night. This gives them a deep
yellow, which is greatly admired by Eastern nations. The
color lasts for three or four weeks before there is occasion
to renew it. The custom is so ancient in Egypt, that I have
seen the nails of mummies dyed in this manner."
VERSE 13
- and bewail.
* Ps 45:10,11 Lu 14:26,27
VERSE 14
- thou shalt.
* Ex 21:7-11
- because thou.
* De 22:19,24,29 Ge 34:2 Jud 19:24
VERSE 15
- two wives.
* Ge 29:18,20,30,31,33 1Sa 1:4,5
VERSE 16
* 1Ch 5:2; 26:10 2Ch 11:19-22; 21:3 Ro 8:29 Php 4:8 Heb 12:16,17
VERSE 17
- by giving.
* Ge 25:5,6,32,34 1Ch 5:1,2
- that he hath. Heb. that is found with him. the beginning.
* Ge 49:3 Ps 105:36
- the right.
* Ge 25:31-34
VERSE 18
- have a stubborn.
* Pr 28:24; 30:11,17 Isa 1:2
- obey the voice.
* De 27:16 Ex 20:12; 21:15,17 Le 19:3; 21:9 Pr 15:5; 20:20 Eze 22:7
- when they.
* De 8:5 2Sa 7:14 Pr 13:24; 19:18; 22:15; 23:13,14; 29:17 Heb 12:9-11
- will not.
* Isa 1:5 Jer 5:3; 31:18 Eze 24:13 Am 4:11,12
VERSE 19
- and bring.
* :2; 16:18; 25:7 Zec 13:3
VERSE 20
- he will not.
* Pr 29:17
- he is a glutton.
* Pr 19:26; 20:1; 23:19-21,29-35
VERSE 21
- all the men.
* De 13:10,11; 17:5 Le 24:16
- so shalt thou.
* De 13:5,11; 19:19,20; 22:21,24
- all Israel.
* De 13:11
VERSE 22
- worthy of death. Heb. of the judgment of death.
The Hebrews understand this not of putting to death by
hanging, but of hanging a man up after he was stoned to death;
which was done more ignominiously of some heinous malefactors.
We have the examples of Rechab and Baanah, who, for murdering
Ish-bosheth, were slain by David's commandment, their hand and
feet cut off, and then hanged up.
* 2Sa 4:12
- See also
* Jos 8:29; 10:26
So in Nu 25:4, we read, "And the Lord said unto Moses, Take
all the heads (chief men) of the people, and hang them up
before the Lord against the sun, that the fierce anger of the
Lord may be turned away from Israel." Among the Romans, in
after ages, they hanged, or rather fastened to the tree ALIVE;
and such was the cruel death of our blessed Lord and Savior
Jesus Christ.
* De 19:6; 22:26 1Sa 26:16 Mt 26:66 Ac 23:29; 25:11,25; 26:31
- thou hang.
* 2Sa 21:6,9 Lu 23:33 Joh 19:31-38
VERSE 23
- he that is hanged is accursed of God. Heb. the curse of God.
That is, it is the highest degree of reproach that can attach
to a man, and proclaims him under the curse of God as much as
any external punishment can. They that see him thus hanging
between heaven and earth, will conclude him abandoned of both,
and unworthy of either. Bp. Patrick observes, that this
passage is applied to the death of Christ; not only because he
bare our sins and was exposed to shame, as these malefactors
were that were accursed of God, but because he was in the
evening taken down from the cursed tree and buried, (and that
by the particular care of the Jews, with an eye to this law,
Joh 19:31,) in token, that now the guilt being removed, the
law was satisfied, as it was when the malefactors had hanged
till sun-set: it demanded no more. Then he, and those that
are his, ceased to be a curse. And as the land of Israel was
pure and clean when the body was buried, so the church is
washed and cleansed by the complete satisfaction which Christ
thus made.
* De 7:26 Nu 25:4 Jos 7:12 2Sa 21:6 Ro 9:3 Ga 3:13 1Co 16:22
* 2Co 5:21
- thy land.
* Le 18:25 Nu 35:33,34
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