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Treasury of Scripture Knowledge -
NUMBERS 29
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1 The offering at the feast of trumpets;
7 at the day of afflicting their souls;
12 and on the eight days of the feast of tabernacles.
VERSE 1
- the seventh.
That is, the month Tisri, the seventh month of their
ecclesiastical year, but the first of their civil year,
answering to our September. This, which was their new year's
day, was a time of great festivity, and ushered in by the
blowing of trumpets; whence it was also called the feast of
blowing the trumpets. In imitation of this Jewish festival,
different nations began the new year with sacrifices and
festivity. The ancient Egyptians did so; and the Persians
also celebrated their {nawee rooz,} or new year's day, which
they held on the vernal equinox, and which "lasted ten days,
during which all ranks seemed to participate in one general
joy. The rich sent presents to the poor; all were dressed in
their holiday clothes; all kept open house; and religious
processions, music, dancing, a species of theatrical
exhibition, rustic sports, and other pastimes, presented a
continued round of varied amusement. Even the dead, and the
ideal beings were not forgotten; rich viands being placed on
the tops of houses and high towers, on the flavour of which
the {Peris,} and spirits of their departed heroes and friends,
were supposed to feast." After the Mohammedan conquest of
Persia, the celebration of this period sensibly declined, and
at last totally ceased, till the time of Jelaladdin (about
A.D. 1082), who, coming to the crown at the vernal equinox,
re-established the ancient festival, which has ever since been
celebrated with pomp and acclamations.
* Le 23:24,25 Ezr 3:6 Ne 7:73
- the first day of the month.
The monthly sacrifices were regulated by the new moons; and it
is probable that the solemn sacrifices were appointed by God,
to prevent the idolatry which was usual among the heathen at
this period; who expressed the most extravagant rejoicings on
the first appearance of the new moon. Moses, however, used
the return of the moon only as one of the most natural and
convenient measures of time; and appointed sacrifices to
Jehovah, to prevent the Israelites from falling into the
idolatries of their heathen neighbors. In the serene climate
of Arabia and Judea, its first faint crescent is, for the most
part, visible to all.
- blowing.
* Nu 10:1-10 1Ch 15:28 Ps 81:3; 89:15 Isa 27:13 Zec 9:14
* Mr 16:15,16 Ro 10:14-18; 15:16-19
VERSE 2
* :8,36; 28:19,27 Heb 10:10-14
VERSE 3
* :3
VERSE 4
VERSE 5
- See on ch.
* Nu 28:15,22,30
VERSE 6
- the burnt. See on ch.
* Nu 28:11-15
- the daily. See on ch.
* Nu 28:3-8 Ex 29:38-42 Le 6:9
- according.
* :18,21; 9:14; 15:11,12,24 Ezr 3:4
VERSE 7
- on the tenth.
* Le 16:29-31; 23:27
- afflict.
* Le 16:29 Ezr 8:21 Ps 35:13; 126:5,6 Isa 22:12; 58:3-5 Zec 7:3
* Zec 12:10 Mt 5:4 Lu 13:3,5 Ac 27:9 Ro 6:6 1Co 9:27 2Co 7:9-11
* Jas 8 4:8-10
VERSE 8
- without blemish.
* :2,13; 28:19
VERSE 9
- See on ch.
* Nu 15:3-12
VERSE 10
VERSE 11
- beside.
* Le 16:3,5,9 Isa 53:10 Da 9:24-26 Heb 7:27; 9:25-28
- the continual. See on ver.
* :6; 28:3-8
VERSE 12
- the fifteenth day.
This was the feast of Tabernacles, kept in commemoration of
their dwelling in tents in the wilderness for forty years.
The first and last days were to be kept as sabbaths, on which
there were solemn assemblies; and for seven days sacrifices
were offered. On the other festivals, two bullocks sufficed,
(ch. 11 28:11, 19, 27), and on the festival at the beginning of
this month, only one was appointed; but, on the first day of
this festival, thirteen young bullocks were appointed; and so
on each successive day, with the decrease of only one bullock,
till on the seventh day, there were only seven, making in all
seventy bullocks. The lambs, and the rams also, were in a
double proportion to the number sacrificed at any other
festival. This was an expensive service; but more easy at
this time of the year than any other, as Bishop Patrick
observes, because now their barns were full, and their
wine-presses overflowed; and their hearts might well be
supposed to be more enlarged than at other times, in
thankfulness to God for the multitude of his mercies. The
Jewish doctors give this reason for the daily diminution of
the number of the bullocks: the whole number, say they, was
according to the languages of the seventy nations of the
world; and the diminution of one every day signified, that
there should be a gradual diminution of those nations till all
things were brought under the government of the Messiah; in
whose days "no sacrifices shall remain, but those of
thanksgiving, prayer, and praise."
* Ex 23:16; 34:22 Le 23:33-43 De 16:13,14 Ne 8:14,18 Eze 45:25
* Zec 14:16-19 Joh 1:14 Heb 11:9-13
VERSE 13
- thirteen young bullocks.
* :2,8; 28:11,19,27 Ezr 3:4 Heb 10:12-14
At this feast thirteen bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs,
were to be offered. It is worthy of remark, that in each of
the seven days of this feast one bullock is to be abated, so
that on the seventh day (ver. 32) they were to offer seven
bullocks, but the rams and lambs were every day alike; which
appointment might signify a diminishing and wearing away of
the legal offerings, to lead them to the spiritual and
reasonable service, by presenting their own bodies a living
sacrifice, holy, and acceptable unto God.
* Ro 12:1
VERSE 14
* :14
VERSE 15
VERSE 16
- See on ver.
* :11
VERSE 17
* :13,20-40 Ps 40:6; 50:8,9; 51:16,17; 69:31 Isa 1:11 Jer 7:22,23
* Ho 6:6 Ro 12:1 Heb 8:13; 9:3-14
VERSE 18
- after the manner.
That is, after the manner already prescribed.
* :3,4,6,9,10; 15:4-12; 28:7,14
VERSE 19
* :11,22,25 Am 8:14
VERSE 20
VERSE 21
- after the manner.
* :18
VERSE 22
- drink offering.
* Ps 16:4 Joe 1:9,13; 2:14
VERSE 23
* :23
VERSE 24
VERSE 25
- See on ver.
* :11 Joh 8:31 Ac 13:43 Ro 2:7 Ga 2:5; 6:9 2Th 3:13 Heb 3:14
* Heb 10:39; 13:15
VERSE 26
* :26
VERSE 27
* :27
VERSE 28
* :28
VERSE 29
* :29
VERSE 30
* :30
VERSE 31
* :31
VERSE 32
* :32
VERSE 33
* :33
VERSE 34
VERSE 35
- eighth day.
Though this day was properly a distinct festival, and esteemed
the chief or high day of the feast, yet fewer sacrifices are
appointed for it than for any of the foregoing seven. On
every one of them two rams and fourteen lambs were offered;
but on this day there were but half as many; and whereas seven
bullocks were the fewest that were offered on any of those
days, on this there was only one. At this feast, there was an
extraordinary ceremony of which the rabbins inform us, namely,
the drawing water out of the pool of Siloam, and pouring it,
mixed with wine, on the sacrifice as it lay on the altar.
This they are said to have done with such expressions of joy,
that it became a common proverb, "He that never saw the
rejoicing of drawing of water, never saw rejoicing in all his
life." The Jews pretend to ground this custom on the
following passage of Isaiah, (ch. 3 12:3,) "With joy shall ye
draw water out of the wells of salvation;" and to this
ceremony Jesus is supposed to refer, when "in the last day,
the great day of the feast, he stood and cried, saying, If any
man thirst, let him come unto me, and drink: he that believeth
on me, as the Scripture saith, out of his belly shall flow
rivers of living water," (Joh 7:37, 38:) thereby calling off
the people from their carnal mirth and festive and pompous
ceremonies, to seek spiritual refreshment for their minds.
* Le 23:36 Joh 7:37-39 Re 7:9-17
VERSE 36
* :36
VERSE 37
* :37
VERSE 38
VERSE 39
- do, or, offer. in your set feasts.
It appears from the account in these two chapters, that there
were annually offered to God, at the public charge,
independently of a prodigious number of voluntary, vow, and
trespass offerings, 15 goats, 21 kids, 72 rams, 132 bullocks,
and 1,101 lambs. But how little is all this compared with the
lambs slain every year at the passover. Cestius, the Roman
general, asked the priests how many persons had come to
Jerusalem at their annual festivals: the priests, numbering
the people by the lambs that had been slain, said,
"twenty-five myriads, 5,000, and 600."
* Le 23:2 1Ch 23:31 2Ch 31:3 Ezr 3:5 Ne 10:33 Isa 1:14
- beside your vows.
* Nu 6:21 Le 7:11,16-38; 22:21-23; 23:28 De 12:6 1Co 10:31
VERSE 40
* Ex 40:16 De 4:5 Mt 28:20 Ac 20:27 1Co 15:3 Heb 3:2,5
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