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| Epistle of Marcus Aurelius to the senate, in which he testifies that the Christians were the cause of his victory.
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Epistle of Marcus Aurelius to the
senate, in which he testifies that the Christians were the cause of his
victory.1919
| 1919 [Spurious, no
doubt; but the literature of the subject is very rich. See text and
notes, Milman’s Gibbon, vol. ii. 46.]
|
Christians" title="187" id="viii.ii.lxxi-p2.1"/>The Emperor Cæsar Marcus Aurelius Antoninus,
Germanicus, Parthicus, Sarmaticus, to the People of Rome, and to the
sacred Senate greeting: I explained to you my grand design, and what
advantages I gained on the confines of Germany, with much labour and
suffering, in consequence of the circumstance that I was surrounded by
the enemy; I myself being shut up in Carnuntum by seventy-four cohorts,
nine miles off. And the enemy being at hand, the scouts pointed out to
us, and our general Pompeianus showed us that there was close on us a
mass of a mixed multitude of 977,000 men, which indeed we saw; and I was
shut up by this vast host, having with me only a battalion composed of
the first, tenth, double and marine legions. Having then examined my own
position, and my host, with respect to the vast mass of barbarians and of
the enemy, I quickly betook myself to prayer to the gods of my country.
But being disregarded by them, I summoned those who among us go by the
name of Christians. And having made inquiry, I discovered a great number
and vast host of them, and raged against them, which was by no means
becoming; for afterwards I learned their power. Wherefore they began the
battle, not by preparing weapons, nor arms, nor bugles; for such
preparation is hateful to them, on account of the God they bear about in
their conscience. Therefore it is probable that those whom we suppose to
be atheists, have God as their ruling power entrenched in their
conscience. For having cast themselves on the ground, they prayed not
only for me, but also for the whole army as it stood, that they might be
delivered from the present thirst and famine. For during five days we had
got no water, because there was none; for we were in the heart of
Germany, and in the enemy’s territory. And simultaneously with
their casting themselves on the ground, and praying to God (a God of whom
I am ignorant), water poured from heaven, upon us most refreshingly cool,
but upon the enemies of Rome a withering1920
hail. And
immediately we recognised the presence of God following on the prayer
—a God unconquerable and indestructible. Founding upon this, then,
let us pardon such as are Christians, lest they pray for and obtain such
a weapon against ourselves. And I counsel that no such person be accused
on the ground of his being a Christian. But if any one be found laying to
the charge of a Christian that he is a Christian, I desire that it be
made manifest that he who is accused as a Christian, and acknowledges
that he is one, is accused of nothing else than only this, that he is a
Christian; but that he who arraigns him be burned alive. And I further
desire, that he who is entrusted with the government of the province
shall not compel the Christian, who confesses and certifies such a
matter, to retract; neither shall he commit him. And I desire that these
things be confirmed by a decree of the Senate. And I command this my
edict to be published in the Forum of Trajan, in order that it may be
read. The prefect Vitrasius Pollio will see that it be transmitted to all
the provinces round about, and that no one who wishes to make use of or
to possess it be hindered from obtaining a copy from the document I now
publish.1921
| 1921 [Note I. (See capp. xxvi. and
lvi.) In 1851 I recognised this stone in the
Vatican, and read it with emotion. I copied it, as follows:
“Semoni
Sanco
Deo Fidio
Sacrvm
Sex. Pompeius. S. P. F. Col. Mussianvs.
Quinquennalis Decur Bidentalis Donum Dedit.”
The explanation is possibly
this: Simon Magus was actually recognised as the God Semo, just as
Barnabas and Paul were supposed to be Zeus and Hermes (Acts
xiv. 12.), and were offered divine honours accordingly. Or the
Samaritans may so have informed Justin on their understanding of this
inscription, and with pride in the success of their countryman
(Acts viii. 10.), whom they had recognised “as
the great power of God.” See Orelli (No. 1860),
Insc., vol. i. 337. Note II. (The
Thundering Legion.) The bas-relief on the column
of Antonine, in Rome, is a very striking complement of the story, but an
answer to prayer is not a miracle. I simply transcribe from the American
Translation of Alzog’s Universal Church History the
references there given to the Legio Fulminatrix: “Tertull.,
Apol., cap. 5; Ad Scap., cap. 4; Euseb., v. 5; Greg. Nyss. Or., II in
Martyr.; Oros., vii. 15; Dio. Cass. Epit.: Xiphilin., lib. lxxi. cap. 8;
Jul. Capitol, in Marc. Antonin., cap. 24.”] | E.C.F. INDEX & SEARCH
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