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| After the Death of Tiberius, Caius appointed Agrippa King of the Jews, having punished Herod with Perpetual Exile.
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Chapter
IV.—After the Death of Tiberius, Caius
appointed Agrippa King of the Jews, having punished Herod with
Perpetual Exile.
1. Tiberius died, after having reigned about twenty-two
years,292
| 292 From
Aug. 29, a.d. 14, to March 16, a.d. 37. | and Caius succeeded him in the empire.293
| 293 Caius ruled from the death of Tiberius until Jan. 24, a.d. 41. | He immediately gave the government of the
Jews to Agrippa,294
| 294 Herod Agrippa I. He was a son of Aristobulus, and a grandson of
Herod the Great. He was educated in Rome and gained high favor with
Caius, and upon the latter’s accession to the throne received the
tetrarchies of Philip and Lysanias, and in a.d. 39 the tetrarchy of Galilee and Perea, which had
belonged to Herod Antipas. After the death of Caius, his successor,
Claudius, appointed him also king over the province of Judea and
Samaria, which made him ruler of all Palestine, a dominion as extensive
as that of Herod the Great. He was a strict observer of the Jewish law,
and courted the favor of the Jews with success. It was by him that
James the Elder was beheaded, and Peter imprisoned (Acts xii.). He died
of a terrible disease in a.d. 44. See below,
chap. 10. | making him king
over the tetrarchies of Philip and of Lysanias; in addition to which he
bestowed upon him, not long afterward, the tetrarchy of Herod,295
having punished Herod (the one under whom
the Saviour suffered296
) and his wife
Herodias with perpetual exile297
| 297 He
was banished in a.d. 39 to Lugdunum in Gaul
(according to Josephus, Ant. XVIII. 7. 2; or to Spain, according
to his B. J. II. 9. 6), and died in Spain (according to B.
J. II. 9. 6). | on account of
numerous crimes. Josephus is a witness to these facts.298
| 298 See Ant. XVIII. 6 and 7, and B. J. II. 9. |
2. Under this emperor, Philo299
| 299 Philo was an Alexandrian Jew of high family, who was born probably
about 20–10 b.c. (in his Legat. ad
Cajum, he calls himself an old man). Very little is known about his
life, and the time of his death is uncertain. The only fixed date which
we have is the embassy to Caligula (a.d. 40),
and he lived for at least some time after this. He is mentioned by
Jerome (de vir. ill. 11), who says he was born of a priestly
family; but Eusebius knows nothing of this, and there is probably no
truth in the statement. He is mentioned also by Josephus in his
Ant. XVIII. 8. 1. He was a Jewish philosopher, thoroughly imbued
with the Greek spirit, who strove to unite Jewish beliefs with Greek
culture, and exerted immense influence upon the thought of subsequent
ages, especially upon Christian theology. His works (Biblical,
historical, philosophical, practical, &c.) are very numerous, and
probably the majority of them are still extant. For particulars, see
chap. 18, below. For an excellent account of Philo, see Schürer,
Geschichte des Jüdischen Volkes im Zeitalter Jesu Christi;
zweite Auflage, Bd. II. p. 831 to 884 (Leipzig, 1886), where the chief
literature upon the subject is given. | became known; a man most celebrated not only
among many of our own, but also among many scholars without the Church.
He was a Hebrew by birth, but was inferior to none of those who held
high dignities in Alexandria. How exceedingly he labored in the
Scriptures and in the studies of his nation is plain to all from the
work which he has done. How familiar he was with philosophy and with
the liberal studies of foreign nations, it is not necessary to say,
since he is reported to have surpassed all his contemporaries in the
study of Platonic and Pythagorean philosophy, to which he particularly
devoted his attention.300
| 300 Philo
was thoroughly acquainted with Greek literature in all its departments,
and shows great familiarity with it in his works. The influence of
Plato upon him was very great, not only upon his philosophical system,
but also upon his language; and all the Greek philosophers were studied
and honored by him. He may, indeed, himself be called one of them. His
system is eclectic, and contains not only Platonic, but also
Pythagorean, and even Stoic, elements. Upon his doctrinal system, see
especially Schürer, ibid. p. 836 sq. | E.C.F. INDEX & SEARCH
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