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Treasury of Scripture Knowledge -
JOSHUA 8
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- 1,2 God encourages Joshua 1.2
3-28 The stratagem whereby Ai was taken
29 The king thereof is hanged
30,31 Joshua builds an altar
32 writes the law on stones
33-35 and pronounces the blessings and curses
VERSE 1
- Fear not
* Jos 1:9; 7:6,7,9 De 1:21; 7:18; 31:8 Ps 27:1; 46:11 Isa 12:2; 41:10-16
* Jos 43:1 Jer 46:27 Mt 8:26
- take all
It would seem, from this verse, that all that were capable of
bearing arms were to march out of the camp on this occasion:
30,000 formed an ambuscade in one pald??; and 5000 were placed in
another, who all gained their positions in the night. With the
rest of the army, Joshua appeared the next morning before Ai,
which the men of that city would naturally suppose was the whole
of the Israelitish force and, consequently, be the more
emboldened to come out and attack them. Some, however, think that
20,000 men were the whole that were employed on this occasion,
5000 of whom were placed in ambush on the west of the city,
between Bethel and Ai (ver 12) and, with the rest, Joshua appeared
before the city in the morning. The king, seeing but about 25,000
coming against him, though he had but 12,000 person in the whole
city (ver 25), determined to risk a battle, issued out, and was
defeated by a stratagem.
- See, I have
* Jos 6:2 Ps 44:3 Da 2:21,27,38; 4:25,35
VERSE 2
- do to Ai
* Jos 8:24,28,29; 6:21; 10:1,28 De 3:2
- only the spoil
* Jos 8:2 De 20:14 Job 27:16,17 Ps 39:6 Pr 13:22; 28:20 Jer 17:11
* Lu 12:20,21
- lay thee
* Jos 8:7,9,12,14,19 Jud 20:29-33 2Ch 13:13; 20:22 Jer 51:12
VERSE 3
- by night
* Mt 24:39,50; 25:6 1Th 5:2 2Pe 3:10
VERSE 4
- lie in wait
* Jos 8:16 Jud 9:25; 20:29,33,36 1Sa 15:2,5 Ac 23:21
- go not
* Ec 7:19; 9:16
VERSE 5
- as at
* Jos 7:5
- that we will
* Jud 20:31-33 Mt 10:16
VERSE 6
- drawn [heb] pulled
* Jos 8:16
- They flee
* Ex 14:3; 15:9 Jud 20:32 Ec 8:11; 9:12
VERSE 7
- for the Lord
* Jos 8:1 2Ki 5:1 Pr 21:30,31
VERSE 8
- set the city
* Jos 8:28; 6:24
- See, I have
* Jos 1:9,16 Jud 4:6 2Sa 13:28
VERSE 9
- between
* Jos 8:12; 7:2 Ge 12:8
- Hai
* Ezr 2:28 Ne 7:32
- lodged
* Ge 32:21
VERSE 10
- rose up
* Jos 3:1; 6:12; 7:16 Ps 119:60
VERSE 11
* Jos 8:1-5
VERSE 12
- five thousand
* Jos 8:2,3
- of the city. or, of Ai
VERSE 13
- liers in wait. [heb] lying in wait
* Jos 8:8,12
VERSE 14
- Ai saw it
* Jos 8:5,16
- he wist not
* Jud 20:34 Ec 9:12 Isa 19:11,13 Da 4:31 Mt 24:39,50 1Th 5:1-3
* 2Pe 2:3
VERSE 15
- by the way
* Jos 18:12
VERSE 16
- called together
* Jud 20:36-39
- drawn away
* Jos 8:5,6 Jud 20:31 Ps 9:16 Eze 38:11-22 Re 16:14; 19:19-21
VERSE 17
- a man
* Jos 8:3,24,25; 11:20 De 2:30 Job 5:13 Isa 19:11-13
- Bethel
Bethel is not mentioned in the Greek version, and some, with
Houbigant and Pilkington, think it was not originally in the
Hebrew; because, had the men of Bethel pursued, as well as those
of Ai, it would have been said that they left the cities, and not
the city open. The principal strength of Bethel might have been
previously taken into Ai, as the strongest place to make a stand
in; Bethel being but about three miles westward from Ai.
VERSE 18
- Stretch
* Jos 8:7,26 Ex 8:5; 17:11 Job 15:25
- the spear
The word keedon is rendered clypeum, a shield or buckler, by the
Vulgate but the LXX. translate it (), which Suidas says, signifies
a kind of weapon, (), like a spear. It may denote a short spear,
javelin, or lance; for it is evident that it signifies neither the
larger spear nor the shield, because it is distinguished from both
* 1Sa 17:6,41,45 Job 39:23
- Joshua may have had a flag or ensign at the end of the spear,
which might be seen at a considerable distance when extended,
which was the sign agreed upon by him and the ambush.
VERSE 19
* Jos 8:6-8
VERSE 20
- the smoke
* Ge 19:28 Isa 34:10 Re 18:9; 19:3
- and they had
* Job 11:20 Ps 48:5,6; 76:5 Am 2:14-16 Re 6:15-17
- power [heb] hand
VERSE 21
VERSE 22
- let none
* Jos 6:21; 10:28; 11:11,12 De 7:2 Job 20:5 Lu 17:26-30 1Th 5:3
VERSE 23
* Jos 8:29; 10:17 1Sa 15:8 Re 19:20
VERSE 24
- returned unto Ai
This must refer to the women, children, and old persons left
behind; for it seems that all the effective men had sallied out
when they imagined the Israelites had fled.
* Jos 10:30-41; 11:10-14 Nu 21:24
VERSE 25
- none
VERSE 26
- Joshua
Joshua seems to have been not only the general but the standard
bearer of the army, (verse 18) and continued in this employment,
by holding up or extending his spear, during the whole of the
battle; and did not slacken from the pursuit till the forces of Ai
were utterly discomfited. Some commentators, however, understand
this action in a figurative sense, like the holding up of Moses'
hands, as if it implied that Joshua continued in prayer for the
success of his troops, nor ceased till the armies of Ai were
annihilated, and the city taken and destroyed.
- drew not
* Jos 8:18 Ex 17:11,12
VERSE 27
- the cattle
* Jos 8:2; 11:4 Nu 31:22,26 Ps 50:10 Mt 20:15
- he commanded
* Jos 8:2
VERSE 28
- an heap
* De 13:16 2Ki 19:25 Isa 17:1; 25:2 Jer 9:11; 49:2; 50:26 Mic 3:12
- unto this day
* Jos 4:9
VERSE 29
- the king
The kings of Canaan lay under the same curse as their subjects
and probably were more deeply criminal. The reserving of the king
of Ai for a solemn execution, would tend to strike terror into the
other kings, contribute to the success of Israel, and give their
proceedings the stamp of a judicial process, and of executing the
vengeance of God upon his enemies
* Jos 10:26-28,30,33 De 21:22,23 Es 7:10 Ps 107:40; 110:5 Ac 12:23
* Re 19:17,18
- as soon
* Jos 10:27
- a great heap
* Jos 7:26 2Sa 18:17
VERSE 30
- built an altar
* Ge 8:20; 12:7,8
- in mount Ebal
Moses himself had twice given express orders for this solemnity;
once Deut. 11.29,30, in which he pointed out the very place where
it was to be performed; and again, at the 27th chapter, there is
a renewal of the instructions to Joshua, with special reference to
minute particulars. It was a federal transaction: the covenant
was now renewed between God and Israel upon their taking
possession of the land of promise, that they might be encouraged
in the conquest of it, and might know upon what terms they held
it, and come under fresh obligations of obedience.
* Jos 8:33
VERSE 31
- as it is
* Jos 8:34,25; 1:8 2Ki 14:6; 22:8 2Ch 25:4; 35:12 Ezr 6:18 Ne 13:1
* Mt 12:26
- altar
* Ex 20:24,25 De 27:5,6 1Ki 18:31,32
- and they offered
* Ex 18:12; 24:5 De 27:6,7
VERSE 32
* De 27:2,3,8
VERSE 33
- all Israel
* Jos 23:2; 24:1 De 27:12,13; 29:10,11
- priests
* Jos 3:3,6,14; 4:10,18; 6:6 De 31:9,25 1Ch 15:11-15
- stranger
* Ex 12:49 Le 24:22 Nu 15:16,29 De 31:12
- Moses
* Jos 8:30-32 De 11:29; 27:12
VERSE 34
- he read
* De 31:10-12 Ne 8:2,3; 9:3; 13:1
- blessings
* Le 26:1-46 De 27:14-26; 28:1-68; 29:20,21; 30:15-20
VERSE 35
- was not
* De 4:2 Jer 26:2 Ac 20:27
- women
* De 29:11; 31:12 Ezr 10:1 Ne 8:2 Joe 2:16 Mr 10:14 Ac 21:5
- strangers
* Jos 8:33
- were [heb] walked
- conversant
The word conversant, from the Latin conversor, is here used in the
classical sense of having intercourse with.
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