SEV Biblia, Chapter 1:9
Así dijo el SEÑOR: Por tres pecados de Tiro, y por el cuarto, no la convertiré; porque entregaron la cautividad entera a Edom, y no se acordaron del concierto de hermanos.
Clarke's Bible Commentary - Amos 1:9
Verse 9. Tyrus] See an ample description of this place, and of its desolation and final ruin, in the notes on Ezekiel 26., 27., and 28. The brotherly covenant] This possibly refers to the very friendly league made between Solomon and Hiram, king of Tyre, 1 Kings v. 12; but some contend that the brotherly covenant refers to the consanguinity between the Jews and Edomites. The Tyrians, in exercising cruelties upon these, did it, in effect, on the Jews, with whom they were connected by the most intimate ties of kindred; the two people having descended from the two brothers, Jacob and Esau. See Calmet.
John Gill's Bible Commentary
Ver. 9. Thus saith the Lord, for three transgressions of Tyrus , etc.] Or Tyre, a very ancient city in Palestine; of which (see Gill on “ Isaiah 23:1”); and for four, I will not turn away [the punishment] thereof ; (see Gill on “ Amos 1:3”); because they delivered up the whole captivity to Edom : such of the Israelites that fell into their hands, or fled to them for shelter, they delivered up to the Edomites, their implacable adversaries, or sold them to them, as they did to the Grecians, ( Joel 3:6); and remembered not the brotherly covenant ; either the covenant and agreement that should be among brethren, as the Jews and Edomites were which the Tyrians should have remembered, and persuaded them to live peaceably; and not have delivered the one into the hands of the other, to be used in a cruel manner as slaves: or else the covenant made between Hiram king of Tyre, and David king of Israel, and which was renewed between Hiram and Solomon, on account of which they called each other brethren, ( 2 Samuel 5:11 1 Kings 5:1,12 1 Kings 9:13). The Phoenicians, of whom, the Tyrians were the principal, are noted for being faithless and treacherous f54 . “Punica fides” was the same as “French faith” now; the perfidy of Hannibal is well known f56 . Cicero says the Carthaginians, which were a colony of the Tyrians, were a deceitful and lying people; and Virgil calls the Tyrians themselves “Tyrios bilingues”, “double tongued Tyrians”, which, Servius interprets deceitful, as referring more to the mind than to the tongue; and observes from Livy the perfidy of the Phoenicians in general, that they have nothing true nor sacred among them; no fear of God, no regard to an oath, nor any religion; and which are the three or four transgressions for which they are said here they should be punished; for, besides their ill usage of the Jews, their idolatry no doubt came into the account: the god that was worshipped at Tyre was Hercules, by whom was meant the sun, as Macrobius observes; and as there were several Heathen gods of this name, he whom the Tyrians worshipped is the fourth of the name with Cicero f60 ; the same is the Melicarthus of Sanchoniatho f61 , which signifies the king of the city, by which Bochart thinks Tyre is intended.
To be a priest of Hercules was the second honour to that of king, as Justin observes; and so careful were the Tyrians of this deity, that they used to chain him, that he might not depart from them; (see Jeremiah 10:4); and a most magnificent temple they had in honour of him, and which, they pretended, was exceeding ancient, as old as the city itself, the antiquity of which they speak extravagantly of Herodotus says he saw this temple, and which was greatly ornamented, and particularly had two pillars, one of gold, and another of emerald; and inquiring of the priests, they told; him it was built when their city was, ten thousand three hundred years before that time; but according to their own historians f65 , Hiram, who lived in the days of Solomon, built the temple of Hercules, as well as that of Astarte; for though she is called the goddess of the Sidonians, she was also worshipped by the Tyrians; as he also ornamented the temple of Jupiter Olympius, and annexed it to the city, which deity also it seems had worship paid it in this place.
Matthew Henry Commentary
God's judgments in the latter days. (Joel 3:1-8) The extent of thes judgments. (Joel 3:9-17) The blessings the church shall enjoy. (Joe 3:18-21)
Joel 3:1-8 The restoration of the Jews, and the final victory of tru religion over all opposers, appear to be here foretold. The contemp and scorn with which the Jews have often been treated as a people, an the little value set upon them, are noticed. None ever hardened his heart against God or his church, and prospered long.
Joel 3:9-17 Here is a challenge to all the enemies of God's people There is no escaping God's judgments; hardened sinners, in that day of wrath, shall be cut off from all comfort and joy. Most of the prophet foretell the same final victory of the church of God over all tha oppose it. To the wicked it will be a terrible day, but to the righteous it will be a joyful day. What cause have those who possess a interest in Christ, to glory in their Strength and their Redeemer! The acceptable year of the Lord, a day of such great favour to some, wil be a day of remarkable vengeance to others: let every one that is ou of Christ awake, and flee from the wrath to come.
Joel 3:18-21 There shall be abundant Divine influences, and the gospe will spread speedily into the remotest corners of the earth. Thes events are predicted under significant emblems; there is a day coming when every thing amiss shall be amended. The fountain of this plenty is in the house of God, whence the streams take rise. Christ is thi Fountain; his sufferings, merit, and grace, cleanse, refresh, and make fruitful. Gospel grace, flowing from Christ, shall reach to the Gentil world, to the most remote regions, and make them abound in fruits of righteousness; and from the house of the Lord above, from his heavenl temple, flows all the good we daily taste, and hope to enjoy eternally.
Judgments against the Syrians, Philistines, Tyrians, Edomites, an Ammonites.
--GOD employed a shepherd, a herdsman, to reprove and warn the people Those to whom God gives abilities for his services, ought not to be despised for their origin, or their employment. Judgments are denounce against the neighbouring nations, the oppressors of God's people. The number of transgressions does not here mean that exact number, but many: they had filled the measure of their sins, and were ripe for vengeance. The method in dealing with these nations is, in part, the same, yet in each there is something peculiar. In all ages thi bitterness has been shown against the Lord's people. When the Lor reckons with his enemies, how tremendous are his judgments __________________________________________________________________
Original Hebrew
כה 3541 אמר 559 יהוה 3068 על 5921 שׁלשׁה 7969 פשׁעי 6588 צר 6865 ועל 5921 ארבעה 702 לא 3808 אשׁיבנו 7725 על 5921 הסגירם 5462 גלות 1546 שׁלמה 8003 לאדום 123 ולא 3808 זכרו 2142 ברית 1285 אחים׃ 251
