1. Why do the heathen rage, and the people meditate vain things? (ver. 1). The kings of the earth have stood up, and the rulers taken counsel together, against the Lord, and against His Christ (ver. 2). It is said, why? as if it were said, in vain. For what they wished, namely, Christ's destruction, they accomplished not; for this is spoken of our Lord's persecutors, of whom also mention is made in the Acts of the Apostles.³⁰

30 Acts iv. 26.

2. Let us break their bonds asunder, and cast away their yoke from us (ver. 3). Although it admits of another acceptation, yet is it more fitly understood as in the person of those who are said to meditate vain things. So that let us break their bonds asunder, and cast away their yoke from us, may be, let us do our endeavour, that the Christian religion do not bind us, nor be imposed upon us.

3. He that dwelleth in the heavens shall laugh them to scorn, and the Lord shall have them in derision (ver. 4). The sentence is repeated; for He who dwelleth in the heavens, is afterwards put, the Lord; and for shall laugh them to scorn, is afterwards put, shall have them in derision. Nothing of this however must be taken in a carnal sort, as if God either laugheth with cheek, or derideth with nostril; but it is to be understood of that power which He giveth to His saints, that they seeing things to come, namely, that the Name and rule of Christ is to pervade posterity and possess all nations, should understand that those men meditate a vain thing. For this power whereby these things are foreknown is God's laughter and derision. He that dwelleth in the heavens shall laugh them to scorn. If by heavens we understand holy souls, by these God, as foreknowing what is to come, will laugh them to scorn, and have them in derision.

4. Then He shall speak unto them in His wrath, and vex them in His sore displeasure (ver. 5). For showing more clearly how He will speak unto them, he added, He will vex them; so that in His wrath, is, in His sore displeasure. But by the wrath and sore displeasure of the Lord God must not be understood any mental perturbation; but the might whereby He most justly avengeth, by the subjection of all creation to His service. For that is to be observed and remembered which is written in the Wisdom of Solomon, But Thou, Lord of power, judgest with tranquillity, and with great favour orderest us.³¹

31 Wisd. xii. 18.

5. Yet am I set by Him as King upon Sion, His holy hill, preaching His decree (ver. 6). This is clearly spoken in the Person of the very Lord our Saviour Christ. But if Sion signify, as some interpret, beholding, we must not understand it of anything rather than of the Church, where daily is the desire raised of beholding the bright glory of God, according to that of the Apostle, but we with open face beholding the glory of the Lord.³²

32 2 Cor. iii. 18.

6. The Lord hath said unto me, Thou art My Son, to-day have I begotten Thee (ver. 7). Although that day may also seem to be prophetically spoken of, on which Jesus Christ was born according to the flesh; and in eternity there is nothing past as if it had ceased to be, nor future as if it were not yet, but present only, since whatever is eternal, always is; yet as today intimates presentiality, a divine interpretation is given to that expression, To-day have I begotten Thee, whereby the uncorrupt and Catholic faith proclaims the eternal generation of the power and Wisdom of God, who is the Only-begotten Son.

7. Ask of Me, and I shall give Thee the nations for Thine inheritance (ver. 8). This has at once a temporal sense with reference to the Manhood which He took on Himself, who offered up Himself as a Sacrifice in the stead of all sacrifices, who also maketh intercession for us; so that the words, ask of Me, may be referred to all this temporal dispensation, which has been instituted for mankind, namely, that the nations should be joined to the Name of Christ, and so be redeemed from death, and possessed by God. I shall give Thee the nations for Thine inheritance, which so possess them for their salvation, and to bear unto Thee spiritual fruit. And the uttermost parts of the earth for Thy possession. The same repeated, The uttermost parts of the earth, is put for the nations; but more clearly, that we might understand all the nations. And Thy possession stands for Thine inheritance.

8. Thou shalt rule them with a rod of iron, with inflexible justice, and Thou shalt break them like a potter's vessel (ver. 9); that is, Thou shalt break in them earthly lusts, and the filthy doings of the old man, and whatsoever hath been derived and inured from the sinful clay. And now understand, ye kings (ver. 10). And now; that is, being now renewed, your covering of clay worn out, that is, the carnal vessels of error which belong to your past life, now understand, ye who now are kings; that is, able now to govern all that is servile and brutish in you, able now too to fight, not as they who beat the air, but chastening your bodies, and bringing them into subjection.³³

33 1 Cor. ix. 26; 27.

9. Serve the Lord with fear; lest what is said, Ye kings and judges of the earth, turn into pride: And rejoice with trembling (ver. 11). Very excellently is rejoice added, lest serve the Lord with fear should seem to tend to misery. But again, lest this same rejoicing should run on to unrestrained inconsiderateness, there is added with trembling, that it might avail for a warning, and for the careful guarding of holiness. It can also be taken thus, And now ye kings understand; that is, And now that I am set as King, be ye not sad, kings of the earth, as if your excellency were taken from you, but rather understand and be instructed. For it is expedient for you, that ye should be under Him, by whom understanding and instruction are given you. And this is expedient for you, that ye lord it not with rashness, but that ye serve the Lord of all with fear, and rejoice in bliss most sure and most pure, with all caution and carefulness, lest ye fall therefrom into pride.

10. Lay hold of discipline,³⁴

34 [This reading is corrected by St. Jerome in his Hebraic Psalter, and our Authorized Version Kiss the Son is sustained by the best authorities. See a forcible elucidation in Bishop Wordsworth's Commentary on Psalms. Ps. ii.—C.]

11. When His anger shall be shortly kindled, blessed are all they who put their trust in Him; that is, when the vengeance shall come which is prepared for the ungodly and for sinners, not only will it not light on those who put their trust in the Lord, but it will even avail for the foundation and exaltation of a kingdom for them. For he said not, When His anger shall be shortly kindled, safe are all they who put their trust in Him, as though they should have this only thereby, to be exempt from punishment; but he said, blessed; in which there is the sum and accumulation of all good things. Now the meaning of shortly I suppose to be this, that it will be something sudden, whilst sinners will deem it far off and long to come.

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