TSK - 2 KINGS 23

  1  Josiah causes the book to be read in a solemn assembly.
 3  He renews the covenant of the Lord.
 4  He destroys idolatry.
15  He burns dead men's bones upon the altar of Beth-el, as was
    fore-prophesied.
21  He keeps a most solemn passover.
24  He puts away witches and all abomination.
26  God's final wrath against Judah.
29  Josiah, provoking Pharaoh-nechoh, is slain at Megiddo.
31  Jehoahaz, succeeding him, is imprisoned by Pharaoh-nechoh,
    who makes Jehoiakim king.
36  Jehoiakim's wicked reign.


VERSE 1
- the king.
   * De 31:28 2Sa 6:1 2Ch 29:20; 30:2; 34:29,30-33


VERSE 2 
 - both small and great.  Heb. from small even unto great.
   * Ge 19:11 1Sa 5:9; 30:2 2Ch 15:13 Es 1:5 Job 3:19 Ps 115:13
   * Ac 26:22 Re 20:12
- he read.
   * De 31:10-13 2Ch 17:9 Ne 8:1-8; 9:3; 13:1
- the book.
   * 2Ki 22:8 De 31:26 1Ki 8:9


VERSE 3 
 - stood.
   * 2Ki 11:14,17 2Ch 23:13; 34:31,32
- made a covenant.
   * Ex 24:7,8 De 5:1-3; 29:1,10-15 Jos 24:25 2Ch 15:12-14; 23:16
   * 2Ch 29:10 Ezr 10:3 Ne 9:38; 10:28-39 Jer 50:5 Heb 8:8-13; 12:24
   * Heb 13:20
- to walk.
   * De 8:19
- his commandments.
   * De 4:45; 5:1; 6:1 Ps 19:7-9
- with all their heart.
   * De 6:5; 10:12; 11:13 Mt 22:36,37
- And all.
   * Ex 24:3 Jos 24:24 2Ch 34:32,33 Ec 8:2 Jer 4:2


VERSE 4 
 - priests of the second order.
  These were either such as occasionally supplied the high
  priest's office, or those of the second course or order
  established by David.  See the References.

   * 1Ch 24:4-19 Mt 26:3; 27:1
- the keepers.  See on ch.
   * 2Ki 22:4 1Ch 26:1-19
- to bring.
   * 2Ki 21:3,7 2Ch 33:3,7; 34:3,4
- Baal.
   * 2Ki 17:16 Jud 2:13 1Ki 16:31; 18:19,26,40; 19:18 Isa 27:9 Jer 7:9
- Kidron.
   * 2Sa 15:23 Joh 18:1
- Cedron.  Beth-el.
   * 1Ki 12:29 Ho 4:15 Am 4:4


VERSE 5 
 - put down.  Heb. caused to cease.  the idolatrous priests.
  Heb. Chemarim.
   * Ho 10:5 *marg:
  "Foretold.  Zep 1:4, 5."

- planets.  or, twelve signs, or constellations.
  So the Vulgate {duodecim signa,} "the twelve signs," i.e., the
  zodiac; which is the most probable meaning of the word
  {mazzaloth,} from the Arabic {manzeel,} a {caravanserai,} house,
  or dwelling, as being the apparent dwellings of the sun in his
  annual course; and the Targumists and Rabbins often employ the
  words {tereysar mazzalaya,} to denote the signs of the zodiac.

- all the host.  See on ch.
   * 2Ki 21:3,4 Jer 8:1,2; 44:17-19


VERSE 6 
 - the grove.
  Or rather, Asherah, or Astarte.

   * 2Ki 21:7 Jud 3:7 1Ki 14:23; 16:33 Jer 17:2
- and burned.
   * Ex 32:20 De 7:25; 9:21
- the graves.
   * 2Ki 10:27 2Ch 34:4
- the children.
  Probably the common people.


VERSE 7 
 - the sodomites.
   * Ge 19:4,5 1Ki 14:24; 15:12; 22:46 2Ch 34:33 Ro 1:26,27
- where.
   * Ex 35:25,26 Eze 8:14; 16:16 Ho 2:13
- hangings.  Heb. houses.


VERSE 8 
 - from, etc.
  The northern and southern borders of Judah.

- Geba.
   * Jos 21:17 1Ki 15:22 1Ch 6:60 Isa 10:29 Zec 14:10
- Beer-sheba.
   * Ge 21:31; 26:23 Jud 20:1 1Ki 19:3


VERSE 9 
 - the priests.
   * Eze 44:10-14 Mal 2:8,9
- but they did.
   * 1Sa 2:36 Eze 44:29-31


VERSE 10 
 - Topheth.
   * Isa 30:33 Jer 7:31,32; 19:6,11-13
- Tophet.  the valley.
   * Jos 15:8 2Ch 28:3; 33:6 Jer 19:2; 32:35 Mt 5:22 *Gr:
- might make.
   * 2Ki 16:3; 17:17; 21:6 Le 18:21 De 18:10 Jer 32:35 Eze 16:21; 20:26,31
   * Eze 23:37-39


VERSE 11 
 - the sun.
   * :5 2Ch 14:5; 34:4 Eze 8:16
- house of the Lord.
  Throughout the East, the horse because of his swiftness and
  utility, was dedicated to the sun; and the Greeks and Romans
  feigned that the chariot of the sun was drawn by four horses,
  Pyrous, Eous, Aithon, and Phlegon:  and hence also chariots
  were dedicated to that luminary.  Jarchi says, that those who
  adored the sun had horses, which they mounted every morning,
  to go out to meet him at his rising.  The kings of Judah had
  imitated these idolatrous customs, and kept the horses of the
  sun even at the entrance of the temple of the Lord!

- chamberlain.  or, eunuch, or officer.


VERSE 12 
 - on the top.
   * De 22:8 Jer 19:13 Zep 1:5
- which Manasseh.
   * 2Ki 21:5,21,22 2Ch 33:5,15
- brake them down from thence.  or, ran from thence.  cast.  See
  on ver.
   * :6


VERSE 13 
 - the mount of corruption.  that is, the mount of Olives.
  Houbigant, deriving the Hebrew {mashchith} from {mashach,} "to
  anoint," reads "the Mount of Olives."  Jarchi, following the
  Chaldee, also says this was the Mount of Olives; for this is
  the mount {hammishchah,} of unction:  but because of the
  idolatrous purposes for which it was used, the Scripture
  changed the title(name) to the mount of {hammashchith,}
  corruption.

- Solomon.
   * 1Ki 11:7 Ne 13:26
- Ashtoreth.
   * Jud 2:13; 10:6 1Sa 7:4; 12:10 1Ki 11:5,33
- Chemosh.
   * Nu 21:29 Jud 11:24 Jer 48:7,13,16
- Milcom.
   * Zep 1:5
- Malcham.


VERSE 14 
 - he brake.
   * Ex 23:24 Nu 33:52 De 7:5,25,26 2Ch 34:3,4 Mic 1:7
- images.  Heb. statues.  the bones of men.
   * :16 Nu 19:16,18 Jer 8:1,2 Eze 39:12-16 Mt 23:27,28


VERSE 15 
 - the altar.
   * 2Ki 10:31 1Ki 12:28-33; 14:16; 15:30; 21:22
- stamped.  See on ver.
   * :6


VERSE 16 
 - burned.
   * 1Ki 13:1,2,32 Mt 24:35 Joh 10:35
- who proclaimed.
  The Septuagint and Hexaplar Syriac at Paris insert, "when
  Jeroboam stood by the altar at the feast.  And turning about,
  he cast his eyes on the sepulchre of the man of God"--


VERSE 17 
 - It is the sepulchre.
   * 1Ki 13:1,30,31


VERSE 18 
 - alone.  Heb. to escape.  the bones of the prophet.
   * 1Ki 13:1-22,31


VERSE 19 
 - the houses.
   * 2Ki 17:9 1Ki 12:31; 13:32
- the cities.
   * 2Ch 30:6-11; 31:1; 34:6,7
- the kings.
   * 2Ki 8:18 1Ki 16:33 Mic 6:16
- to provoke the Lord.
   * 2Ki 17:16-18; 21:6 Ps 78:58 Jer 7:18,19 Eze 8:17,18


VERSE 20 
 - he slew.  or, he sacrificed.
   * 2Ki 10:25; 11:18 Ex 22:20 De 13:5 1Ki 13:2; 18:40 Isa 34:6
   * Zec 13:2,3
- burned.
   * 2Ch 34:5


VERSE 21 
 - Keep.
   * 2Ch 35:1-19
- as it is written.
   * Ex 12:3-20 Le 23:5-8 Nu 9:2-5; 28:16-25 De 16:1-8


VERSE 22 
 - Surely.
   * 2Ch 35:18,19
- of the kings.
   * 2Ch 30:1-3,13-20; 35:3-17

VERSE 23


VERSE 24 
 - Moreover.
  "His eighteenth year ending."

- the workers.
   * 2Ki 21:3,6 1Sa 28:3-7 Isa 8:19; 19:3 Ac 16:16-18 Re 22:15
- images.  or, teraphim.
   * Ge 31:19 Jud 17:5; 18:17,18 Ho 3:4
- that he might.
   * Le 19:31; 20:27 De 18:10-12 Isa 8:20 Ro 3:20 Jas 25 1:25
- the book.
   * 2Ki 22:8-13 2Ch 34:14-19


VERSE 25 
 - A.M. 3363-3394.  B.C. 641-610.  unto him.
   * 2Ki 18:5
- that turned.
   * :3 De 4:29; 6:5 1Ki 2:4; 8:48; 15:5 Jer 29:13
- according.
   * Ne 10:29 Mal 4:4 Joh 1:17; 7:19


VERSE 26 
 - Nevertheless.
   * 2Ki 21:11-13; 22:16,17; 24:2,4 2Ch 36:16 Jer 3:7-10; 15:1-4
- provocations.  Heb. angers.


VERSE 27 
 - I will remove.
   * 2Ki 17:18,20; 18:11; 21:13; 24:3; 25:11 De 29:27,28 Eze 23:32-35
- out of my sight.
   * Ps 51:11 Jer 31:37; 33:24 La 2:7
- My name.  See on ch.
   * 2Ki 21:4,7 1Ki 8:29; 9:3


VERSE 28 
 - the rest.  See on ch.
   * 2Ki 20:20


VERSE 29 
 - A.M. 3394.  B.C. 610.
- Pharaoh-nechoh.
  Pharaoh-nechoh, called [               ,] Necos, the son of
  Psammiticus, by Herodotus, was now was now marching "to make
  war upon the Medes and Babylonians, who had dissolved the
  Assyrian empire," the king of the latter being the famous
  Nabopollasar, who had also become king of Assyria.

   * :33,34,35 2Ch 35:20-24 Jer 46:2
- Euphrates.
   * 2Ki 24:7 2Ch 35:20 Jer 46:2
- Josiah went.
   * 2Ch 35:20-23
- slew him.
   * 2Ki 22:20 Ec 8:14; 9:1,2 Isa 57:1,2 Ro 11:33
- Megiddo.
  Megiddo, called [              ,] Magdolum, by Herodotus, was
  situated in the tribe of Manasseh, west of Jordan, in the
  valley of Jezreel, and not far fron Hadad-Rimmon, or
  Maximianopolis.  This shews that Josiah reigned over the
  country formerly possessed by the ten tribes; and it is also
  probable, that Nechoh had landed his troops at or near C'sarea
  of Palestine.

   * 2Ki 9:27 Jos 17:11 Jud 1:27; 5:19 1Ki 4:12 Zec 12:11
- Megiddon.
   * Re 16:16
- Armageddon.  he had seen him.
   * 2Ki 14:8,11


VERSE 30 
 - servants.
   * 2Ki 9:28 1Ki 22:33-38 2Ch 35:24
- the people.
   * 2Ki 14:21; 21:24 2Ch 36:1,2-4


VERSE 31 
 - Jehoahaz.
   * 1Ch 3:15 Jer 22:11
- Shallum.  Hamutal.
   * 2Ki 24:18

VERSE 32
    * 2Ki 21:2-7,21,22


VERSE 33 
 - put him.
   * 2Ch 36:3,4 Eze 19:3,4
- Riblah.
  Theodoret (in Jer ch. 46,) expressly affirms that Riblah or
  Reblatha was in his time called Emesa.  [Koma de estin a
  Reblatha tas nun kaloumenas Emesas.]  Emesa was a city of
  Syria, situated on the Orontes, and, according to the Antonine
  Itinerary, 18 miles from Laodicea ad Libanum.  It is now
  called Homs, or Hems, about eight hours, or twenty-four miles
  S.E. of Hamah or Hamath, in the road to Damascus.  The present
  town only occupies about one quarter of the space contained
  within the ancient walls, which apparently date from the time
  of the Saracens.  Here is nothing remarkable, except a Roman
  sepulchre, and a large castle in ruins.

   * 2Ki 25:6 Nu 34:11 Jer 39:5,6; 52:9,10,26,27
- Hamath.
   * Nu 13:21 1Ki 8:65
- that he might not reign.  or, because he reigned.  put, etc.
  Heb. set a mulct upon the land.
   * 2Ki 18:14 Ex 21:22 2Ch 36:3 Pr 19:19


VERSE 34 
 - Eliakim.
   * Jos 18:18 2Ch 36:3,4
- the son.
   * 1Ch 3:15
- turned.
   * 2Ki 24:17 Ge 41:45 Da 1:7
- Jehoiakim.
  "Called Jakim, Mt 1:11."

- he came.
   * Jer 22:11,12 Eze 19:3,4


VERSE 35 
 - the silver.
   * :33
- taxed.
   * 2Ki 15:19,20


VERSE 36 
 - A.M. 3394-3405.  B.C. 610-599.  Jehoiakim.
   * 1Ch 3:15 2Ch 36:5 Jer 1:3
- Rumah.
  Josephus here reads Abuma; but he also speaks of Ruma, a
  village of Galilee.


VERSE 37 
 - he did.
   * Jer 22:13-17; 26:20-23; 36:23-26,31 Eze 19:5-9
- all that.
   * 2Ch 28:22-25; 33:4-10,22,23



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