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PREVIOUS CHAPTER - HELP - GR VIDEOS - GR YOUTUBE - TWITTER - SD1 YOUTUBE  A general sketch of the life and martyrdom of Bishop Latimer has been given in the former volume, but it is thought desirable to prefix to the present (even at the expense of some repetition) the chief part of Foxe’s graphic account of the venerable martyr, and also Ralph Morice’s account of his conversion, which has been already printed by Strype from the Harleian MSS. For Latimer’s reply to him, this volume. See Vol. 1. See Vol. 1. See Bishop Ridley’s works. Strype observes, “I do now but transcribe from a writing of Ralph Morice, bishop Cranmer’s secretary.” Foxe, Acts and Mon. Vol. 3, p. 375. Edit. 1684. Duns Scotus. Nicholas Dorbell, a French Minorite, and a strenuous disciple of Scotus. Cave, Hist. Liter. Append. p. 174. Oxon. 1743. Thomas Aquinas. See Cave, Tom. 2, pp. 207 et seq. Or Sophister, now abbreviated into Soph. This term designated, at that time, a student who, having completed his studies in logic, was authorized to take part in the disputations in the public schools of the university. Nicholas West, bishop of Ely, 1515-1533. Godwin, De Praesul. pp. 271, et seq. Edit. Richardson. new conversion. Harl. MS. audience being namely. Harl. MS. so fruitfully he. Harl. MS. feet, Harl. MS. nor we are not permitted, Harl. MS. Caponer, Harl. MS. as I suppose, both being, Harl. MS. Dr. Capon seems to have proceeded to his doctor’s degree in 1517; Dr. Marshall in 1533. estate, Harl. MS. all expectation, Hark MS. elsewhere spoken, 1607. plainly how, 1607. every one of us in duty oweth, 1607. freely quit, 1607. leave there, 1562. when, 1562. scripture too, understanding the women, 1562. Item, 1562. the sexes, 1562. evil, 1584, 1607. when, 1562. estate, 1571. marry, 1562. gave, 1584, 1607. prophet Nathan he believed, 1571, 1584. when, 1562. man hath stolen, 1562. ought, 1562. sleep of sin: it may well be called a deadly sleep, for this sleep of sin bringeth, 1562. be eatable, 1562. Bell. Judaic. 6, 3. §.4. this, 1584, 1607. ought all to keep, 1571, 1572. How slowly teaching reached the “north country,” even at a later period than is here referred to, may be gathered from Archbishop Grindal’s “Injunctions.” Grindal, Remains, pp. 123, et seq. Park. Soc. Edit. Gilpin, Life of Bern. Gilpin, pp. 85, 93, 188, etc. The allusion here is to a story, related by Pace in his book De fructu qui ex doctrina percipitur (p. 80), respecting an unlearned English priest who for thirty years had been accustomed, in repeating the prayer, Quod ore sumpsimus, to say mumpsimus; and who, on being told of his mistake, refused to be corrected, alleging “that he would not give up his old mumpsimus for his corrector’s new sumpsimus.” This passed into so common a proverb, to indicate a person obstinate in religious matters, that we find Henry VIII. using the expression in his speech to his Parliament, November 25, 1545. 2 and 3 Edw. VI. 50. 19. that, 1584, 1607. item, 1562. should, 1584, 1596. for if we be out of charity, we be out of the favor of God, 1584, 1596, 1607. he is well, 1562. were bigger than, 1562. this, 1562. Marry, 1562. must fish for, 1562. this purpose, 1562. so painful, so greed, 1562. See Strype, Eccles. Mem. 2:2 p. 141. Oxf. Edit. Bern. Gilpin, Sermon before K. Edw. VI. p. 21, et seq. at the end of Gilpin, Life of Bern. Gilpin. Marry, “men of activity,” 1562. “a hater of covetousness:” he must first be a man of activity, etc., 1562. come themselves before, 1562. should, 1562. Ft73 Thus Gilpin in his sermon before the court of Edw. VI. complained: “You should find a small number of patrons that bestow rightly their livings, seeking God’s glory, and that his work and business may be rightly applied, without gaining, or seeking their own profit...A great number…keep them [the livings] as their own lands, and give some three-halfpenny priest a curate’s wages, nine or ten pounds.” when it pleaseth, 1562. Marry, 1562. Marry, 1562. such a charge, 1584, 1596. he seeketh not, 1562. that is called, 1584, 1596. Marry, 1562. Hall, Chronicle, pp. 653. et seq. edit. 1809. when, 1562. The Island of Rhodes was not taken possession of by the Turk till Christmas-day 1522, but Andrew d’Amaral was beheaded on the 30th October in that year. tarry their, 1584, 159C. Marry, because, 1562. come by, 1562. Marry, 1562. when, 1562. all bodily, 1607. It will have been observed that Bishop Latimer frequently alludes to the practice of debasing the coinage, which was so common in the reign of Hen. VIII., and was not unknown in that of Edw. VI. to such godliness, 1504, 1596. when, 1562. their own, 1607. indeed with them 1562. good-man death, 1572. after, 1607. our pleasure, 1562. so stiff-necked, 1607. the Jews, 1596. See Euseb. Eccl. Hist. 4:6, and the Notes of Valesius. in, 1562. about, 1607. Theodorit. Hist. Eccl. 3:20. Paris, 1673. See also, Warburton’s Julian, and Fabricius, Lux Evangelii, etc. pp. 124 et seq. where all the testimonies bearing on this event are collected. confound our, 1596. Marry, 1562. a very, 1607. this oath, 1562. be heartily, 1607. enter, 1607. when, 1562. great, 1562. — Many accounts of “strange things seen in the element divers times” are given by Wolff, in his Lectiones Memorabiles, etc. See also a treatise, “Of the end of this world,” translated from the Latin of Scheltco a Jueren, of Eraden, by Thomas Rogers, pp. 9, et seq. London, 1589. wonderful, 1562. these, 1562. See Melchior Adam, Vitae German. Theologorum, p. 134. Francof. 1653. wonderful, 1562. Item, they, 1562. they, I say, 1562. they shall, 1562. Marry, 1562. irrefragable, 1562. will, 1562. when, 1562. intolerable too, 1562. come before, 1562. shall as soon be saved by Christ, 1607. things, 1607. degree, 1607. unto, 1562. See Vol. 1, note: also Gregory Sayer, Claris Regia, pp. 688 et seq. Antverp. 1619, by whom very many of the “new writers” are referred to. those men or women are... their... are, in the old editions after 1562. Also, 1607. The preacher seems to have had in mind Jerome’s Epist. Ad Eustochium, Oper. Tom. 4, par. 2. col. 30. edit. Bened. Paris. 1706. it is done with them, they, 1562. at, 1562. that, 1562. But now ye might, 1562. much marvel, 1562. Marry, 1562. which, 1562. neither shall nor can, 1607. ergo , 1562. was very little regarded, When, 1562. So all the old editions: it should most probably be Hebron. See Luke 1:39. them, 1607. so, the very, 1607. pp. 524, 621. Antverp. 1615. or more holy than....you need not fear, for no doubt ye, 1607. Item, 1562. So St. Peter, 1584, 1607. prove, 1562. Marry, I tell, 1562. a slander, 1607. after, 1607. in, 1596, 1607. with it, with his marriage, 1562. outrageous, 1562. cast into the sea, 1607. their little, 1571, 1572. profit, 1562. 2 and 3 Edw. VI. 50. 19. The old editions read “Baldwine:” see Eusebius, Hist. Ecclesiastes 5:1,3: also, “The martyrloge after the use of the chirche of Salysbury,” etc. fol. 11:61 edit. 1526. compass, 1607. In summa, 1562. to beware of hasty or rash judgment against our brother; for it is a sign of small charity, 1607. goodly, 1584, 1596. Bexterly-Hall, co. of Warwick was the residence of John Glover, brother to the Robert Glover who suffered martyrdom at Coventry in the reign of queen Mary. Dugdale, Warwickshire, p. 1054, 2nd Edit. It is to be observed also, that, as it is intimated in the Sermons which follow that they were preached to the same audience to whom this Sermon was addressed, it must be concluded either that the Title should have been, “preached at Bexterly and afterwards at Grimsthorpe,” or that “Bexterly” is a mistake. to do any good, 1596. of all christians, 1607. For much that has been written on this subject see Bochart, Hierozoicon, Part 1. Lib. 3. Lond. 1663. herein, 1571. learned men, 1607. See Vol. 1. p. 392. perform, 1607. will therefore make, 1607. behavior on either side, 1607. Behold, 1607. brake forth, 1607. his, 1607. it shall give his, 1607. by, 1607. The Marcionites. Tertullian, adv. Marcion, 4. 40: Mosheim, Comment. on the affairs of the Christians before Constant. Vol. 2, p. 330, by Vidal. A kind of Arianism, however, did exist in England at that time. Strype, Eccl. Mem. 2. 1:334. Oxf. The Jews stoned…my spirit, not in 1607. as he had, 1607. hath done, 1607. but, 1607. came to pass, 1607. “On St. Stephen’s day we must let all our horses blood with a knife, because St. Stephen was killed with stones.” Sir T. More, Dialogue concerning Heresies, Book 2. chap. 10. See also Brand, Observations on Popular Antiq. by Ellis, Vol. 1. pp. 416, et seq. Hampson, Medii Aevi Kalendarium, etc. pp. 118 et seq. plainly, 1607. And, 1607. tell, 1607. was, 1607. doth, 1607. saith to this purpose, 1607. if there were any man that, 1607. before, 1607. were, 1607. this, 1607. by my death, 1607. any kind, 1607. the, 1607. our, 1607. Helvidius, against whom St. Jerome wrote a treatise. Oper. Tom. 4. par. 2, cell. 129 et seq. Edit. Bened. Paris. 1706. our, 1607. better lodging, “O what,” 1607. what a company of cruel people were these! 1607. poor, needy and, 1607. receiveth me. He that refuseth you, refuseth me:” 1571, 1572. their bracelets, 1607. fine, and costly, 1607. folks, 1607. manner, 1607. otherwise, 1607. when, in the editions, except 1607. great, 1607. The story is read, among other places, in Ludolph Saxo, de Vita Christi, par. 1. 50. 18. h. Lugdun. 1510. And Mary, 1571. Midwives used to be licensed by the archbishop, or bishop of the diocese; and the terms of the oath administered at the time of granting a license to the parties who exercised the “necessary office” alluded to by the preacher, would indicate that they required to be looked after. Strype, Ann. of Reformat. 2, 2 pp. 242, et seq. Oxf. Edit.; Book of Oaths, pp. 191, et seq. Lond. 1689. Full particulars are given of this person and of her opinions, in Hutchinson’s Works, pp. 2, et seq., 145, et seq. Park. Sec. Edit. Market-sted or place. This gloss was current among the later interpreters being probably borrowed from Peter Comestor’s Historia Evangelica. See Vol. 1. p. 383, note. See Vol. 1. p. 515. not, 1571, 1572. Bis pariebant in anno. Augustin. Quaest. in Genesim Quaest. 95. Oper. Tom. 3. col. 300. Edit. Bened. Antwerp. 1700. See also Jerome, Quaest. Hebraic. in Genes. Oper. Tom. 2. col. 535, Edit. Bened. Paris, 1699, Bochart, Hierozoic. Lib. 2. 50. 46. whosoever, 1607. their blood will I require, 1607. ministers, 1607. dames, 1607. sheweth, 1607. all our, 1571, 1572. this, 1607. he hath, 1571, 1572. a deliverer, 1607. is, 1571, 1572. representeth, 1571, 1572; presented, 1584, 1596. where, 1607. <400201> MATTHEW 2:1, 2 FOOTNOTES FTA1 The Sunday alluded to was the Feast of the Circumcision: but the sermon preached on that occasion does not seem to have been reported. FTA2 the same, 1607. FTA3 the, 1607. FTA4 was, 1607. FTA5 being, 1607. FTA6 they were sure he would. FTA7 such danger, 1607. FTA8 those, 1607. FTA9 they seek all, 1607. FTA10 mouth, 1607. FTA11 This opinion was maintained by Epiphanius, among the older writers, and was made to rest on Matthew 2:16. FTA12 giving him, 1607. FTA13 The story of “these men” may be seen both in the Legenda Sanctorum, and in the Sermones Aurei de Sanctor. Festis, of Jacobus de Voragine, or in the Liber Festivalis. For a specimen of the devotion offered to them in this country anterior to the Reformation, reference may be had to “Reflections upon the devotions of the Roman Church,” pp. 17, et seq. London, 1674. FTA14 the God of, 1607 only FTA15 armor, 1607. FTA16 wherefore, 1607. FTA17 God and Comforter, 1607. FTA18 needed he, 1607. FTA19 when, 1571 and others. FTA20 to look, 1584. FTA21 that he might have her to, 1607. FTA22 seeing, 1607. FTA23 of time was come, 1607. FTA24 sent forth, 1607. FTA25 may not make, 1571. FTA26 would, 1607. FTA27 the, 1607. FTA28 of, 1607. FTA29 the, 1607. FTA30 out of, 1607. FTA31 hindereth, 1607. FTA32 give to, 1607. FTA33 requireth, 1596, 1607. FTA34 the faith, 1607. FTA35 I will now speak unto you, 1607. FTA36 stay for you, 1607. FTA37 with him give us all things also, 1607. FTA38 goeth about to cast, 1607. FTA39 Sirra, 1607. FTA40 fellow, 1607. FTA41 every one of us, 1607. FTA42 things, 1607. FTA43 I will tell, 1607. FTA44 be more wary, 1607. FTA45 when thou feelest thyself feeble and weak, then call, 1607. FTA46 upon, 1607. FTA47 masters should shew good ensamples, to keep their servants from idleness, 1607. FTA48 merit, 1607. FTA49 may more willingly be brought, 1607. FTA50 grace to do well, 1607. LUKE 2:42 FOOTNOTES FTB1 our Savior Christ, 1607. FTB2 If the date of 1552, prefixed to this Sermon, be correct, it seems probable, from the allusion here so expressly made to the preceding Sermon, that this Sermon at least (and perhaps some of those which follow) was preached again in 1553. The Sermons therefore are left in the arrangement of the old editions, and thus follow the order which the Church observes in commemorating the great events of the Gospel history. FTB3 neither is, 1607. FTB4 same from us, 1607. FTB5 no more, 1607. FTB6 Antiq. XIV. FTB7 Epitom. 102. FTB8 the most, 1607. FTB9 coming, 1584; is coming, 1607. FTB10 ergo , thou art, 1571, 1572. FTB11 The preacher, it may be presumed, had in view those “stories” in the Ecclesiastical History, which relate the constancy of the primitive martyrs when assailed by the violent persecution which the devil stirred up against the church:—panti< ga FTB12 A similar story is given by Wolff, who cites his authorities, and states that the circumstances he relates occurred at Fribourg in the year 1533.
Lectiones Memorab. Tom. II. P. 412. Francof. Ad Moen. 1671.
FTB13 also, 1571, 1572.
FTB14 above all women, only in 1571, 1572.
FTB15 wherever, 1571. <430201> JOHN 2:1 FOOTNOTES FTC1 in the Spirit that, 1571.
FTC2 See volume 1, p. 383.
FTC3 God, 1607. <400801> MATTHEW 8:1-3 FOOTNOTES FTG1 so plainly in these latter days, 1584, 1596.
FTG2 witches and sorcerers, 1607.
FTG3 men are wont to, 1571, 1572.
FTG4 in, 1571.
FTG5 anger, 1607.
FTG6 the world, 1571.
FTG7 it may be, 1607.
FTG8 calamities, 1571.
FTG9 when, all the old editions.
FTG10 they have, 1571.
FTG11 more friendly, 1607.
FTG12 his power, 1607. MATTHEW 8:23-26 FOOTNOTES FTD1 wanted neither meat, 1607.
FTD2 evil, 1607.
FTD3 upright and holy, 1607.
FTD4 thy, 1571.
FTD5 domination, 1607.
FTD6 Help, O Lord, 1571. MATTHEW 13:24-30 FOOTNOTES FTE1 is he who soweth, 1607.
FTE2 offences, 1571.
FTE3 burning chimney, 1571.
FTE4 not sure, 1571.
FTE5 the apostle St. Paul, 1607.
FTE6 So the old editions read.
FTE7 Hospiniam, de Origine, etc., Monachatus, pp. 39, et seq.; 188, et seq.
Genev. 1669.
FTE8 such surely will God preserve in, 1607.
Fth1 greater, 1596, 1607.
Fth2 Old editions, apologies.
Fth3 was, 1571, 1572.
Fth4 Thy, 1571.
Fth5 plenty of fruit, 1607.
Fth6 It will be recollected (Vol. I. p. vii.) that Latimer was summoned to appear before the bishop of London, in the cathedral church of St Paul, on the 29th of January 1531-2, to answer for certain ecclesiastical offenses, alleged to have been committed within the jurisdiction of that prelate. Latimer, however, complains in a letter to the primate, that instead of being questioned by the bishop of London alone, the whole of the proceedings against him were carried on before the archbishop of Canterbury and other prelates. In confirmation of this complaint, we find that Latimer was called to appeal before Convocation on the 11th of March 1531-2, and that he was there required to subscribe to certain articles. It may be concluded that the articles referred to were those printed above.
Foxe gives a copy of certain “Articles devised by the bishops for Master Latimer to subscribe to,” but he gives no date. There seems no reason, however, to doubt but that the Articles printed by Foxe and those given above have reference to the same occasion: but as there are many points of difference in the wording and arrangement of the two drafts, and as neither agree in all respects with the Latin, the English Articles as printed by Foxe are subjoined, and the Latin given in the Appendix. — It is not improbable that the variations found in the several drafts of these Articles may have arisen from the desire on the part of the Convocation to meet the scruples of Latimer.
Fth7 It is to be noted that, Harl. MS. 422, Art. 15.
Fth8 James Bainham, the person referred to in the following account of Mr.
Latimer’s “communication,” was the son of a Gloucestershire knight, and bred to the law; but having fallen under the suspicion of heresy, was accused to Sir Thomas More, then chancellor of England. He was accordingly arrested and carried prisoner to Sir Thomas’s house at Chelsea. With a view to extort from him the names of his associates in the Temple, Bainham was treated with great severity by the chancellor; and was ultimately induced to recant certain doctrines, with the holding of which he had been charged. He was made, also, to do penance at St Paul’s Cross, during the sermon there. He very shortly, however, was struck with remorse of conscience, and openly bewailed the abjuration which had been extorted from him. This relapse (as it was termed) having been notified to the bishop of London, Bainham was again apprehended, and again cruelly treated in order to make him revoke his opinions; but as he now remained firm in his determination to maintain several doctrines that impugned the faith of the Roman church, he was condemned to the flames, and was in Newgate awaiting his death, when Mr. Latimer visited him. It would seem from the account which follows, that the reasons why Bainham was a second time apprehended, were not generally known. Foxe, Acts and Mon. II. 245, et seq. Strype, Eccl. Mem. I. i. 315, 372-374.
Fth9 was by the bishops condemned and, Harl. MS.
Fth10 Edward Isaac, of Well-Court in the parish of Ickham, near Littleborne.
His family seems to have been possessed of good estates in the county of Kent, and himself to have been a sufficiently marked favorer of the Reformation, to make it necessary for him to become an exile for religion in the reign of queen Mary. He appears to have lived chiefly at Frankfort during his absence from his native country; and his name occurs among those who were strongly opposed to John Knoxe.
Hasted, History of Kent, III. 666, 722; Strype, Eccl. Mem. III. i:231, 406; Ann. I. i. 153, Oxf. edit.
Fth11 William Morice was the son of James Morice, a gentleman attached to the household of the Lady Margaret, countess of Richmond, and employed by her in the building of her colleges in Cambridge. This William was himself afterwards imprisoned on suspicion of heresy, and only escaped an end similar to that of Bainham, in consequence of the death of king Henry VIII. A curious display of the estimation in which Mr. Morice was held by the Romanists of Chipping Ongar, may be seen in the preamble to an act (1 Mary, Sess. 3, c. 10), for “The repeal of a statute made Anno 2 Edw. VI. touching the consolidation and union of the parish churches of Ongar and Grensted in the county of Essex.”
Strype, Eccl. Mem. I. i. 596; III. i. 181, Oxf. edit.; Newcourt, Repertorium, II. 449, 450; Statutes of the Realm, Vol. IV. Part I. p. 234.
Fth12 Ralph Morice was secretary to archbishop Cranmer. A full account of him is given by Strype, Mem. of Cranmer, p. 611, Oxford edition.
Fth13 deep dungell, Harl. MS.
Fth14 things therein, Harl. MS.
Fth15 after, Harl. MS.
Fth16 hear that, Harl. MS.
Fth17 those, Harl. MS.
Fth18 at all for, Harl. MS.
Fth19 which I defended, Harl MS.
Fth20 yoked, Hark MS.
Fth21 30th April, 1532.
Fth22 The following “Articles” were occasioned by the preaching of Mr.
Latimer at Bristol, in 1533. The report of certain commissioners, whom Cromwell appointed to inquire into the religious disputes which had arisen in that city, set forth, “That Latimer came by invitation of some of the priests to Bristol, and preached two sermons there on the second Sunday in Lent March 9, one in St Nicholas’ church in the forenoon, and another at the Black Friars in the afternoon; and on the Monday next following, he preached a third sermon in St Thomas’s church; in the which sermons he preached divers schismatic and erroneous opinions: as in hell to be no fire sensible; the souls that be in purgatory to have no need of our prayers, but rather to pray for us; no saints to be honored; no pilgrimages to be used; our blessed lady to be a sinner: — as it was reported and taken by the hearers.” “Whereupon the worshipful men, doctor Powell, master Goodryche, master Haberdyne, master Prior of St James,” and doctor John Hilsey, prior of the Dominicans in Bristol, preached against Mr. Latimer; “approving purgatory, pilgrimages, the worshipping of the saints and images; also approving, that faith without good works is but dead; and that our lady, being full of grace, is, and was, without the spot of sin.” Letters, relating to the Suppression of the Monasteries, etc., pp. 8, 12. See also, Latimer’s letter to Morice.
Fth23 Edward Powell was a native of Wales, and probably fellow of Oriel college, Oxford. He was afterwards prebendary of Salisbury and of Lincoln. He seems to have been a person of learning and a determined opponent of the divorce of king Henry VIII., and also of the many ecclesiastical changes which occurred during the reign of that monarch.
For his denial of the royal supremacy, and for refusing to take the oath of succession, he was committed to prison, and after trial was executed as a traitor, in Smithfield, on the 30th of July, 1540. Wood, Athenae Oxon. edit. by Bliss, Vol I. pp. 117, et seq.
Fth24 See Vol. I. pp. 383, 384; Theophylact and Euthymius Zigabenus on John 2:3,4.
Fth25 See Lombard. III. dist. 3; Thom. Aquinas, Sum. Theol. III. q. 27, a. 3, 4; Melchior Canus, Loci Theolog. VII. num. 9. Oper. pp. 356, etc.
Colon. Agrip. 1605; Chemnitz. Examen Concil. Trident. Append.
Decret. 5 Sess.
Fth26 hath, 1563.
Fth27 but that, 1563.
Fth28 Sufficient proof of the truth of this assertion may be found in any old Roman breviary, (more especially in the breviary of the Franciscans,) in the services prescribed for such days as Aug. 15, Sept. 8, Dec. 8.
Fth29 such, 1684.
Fth30 in having, 1563.
Fth31 and, 1684.
Fth32 Master Hubbardin,” or Hyberden, was a divine of Exeter College, Oxford; of no great pretensions to learning, but of abundant zeal for the old superstitions. From the rather bitter manner in which Foxe speaks of him, it may be concluded that he was somewhat intemperate in his opposition to the Reformers. If the accounts given of him be literally accurate, he must have been a singular character: for he is described as “making long prayers, and fastings; riding in a gown of unusual length; preaching sermons stuffed full of tales and fables, dialogues and dreams, tie would dance and hop and leap and use histrionical gestures in the pulpit: at which he was once so violent that the pulpit brake and he fell down and brake his leg, whereof he died.”
Strype, Eccl. Mem. I. i. 247, Oxf.; Foxe, Acts and Mon. III. 392. edit. 1684; Wood, Fasti Oxon. Vol. I. p. 64. edit. Bliss.
Fth33 I leave, 1563.
Fth34 declineth, 1563.
Fth35 bade, 1563.
Fth36 See the Roman Breviary, Festa Maii, die 3; Septem. die 12.
Fth37 would, 1563.
Fth38 and, 1563.
Fth39 ween, 1563.
Fth40 lieffer, 1563.
Fth41 nere nother, 1563.
Fth42 See Vol. 1.
Fth43 after that, 1563.
Fth44 alonely, 1563.
Fth45 See Thom. Aquinat. Sum. Theolog. Supplem. par. 3, qu. 97, art. 2, 5.
In IV. Dist. 44, qu. 2, art. 23, Dist. 50, qu. 2, art. 3; also, Dom. Soto in IV. Sent. Dist. 50, qu. unic. art. 1, 2; for the “divers opinions” respecting the torments of lost souls.
Fth46 hath, 1563.
Fth47 See Aquinat. Sum. Theolog. Supplem. p. 3, qu. 70, art. 3.
Fth48 hJ lu>ph h[n oiJ aJmartwloi< e]cousi … Quest. xx. ad Antiochum (attributed to Athanasius,) Oper. Tom. III. p. 272, edit. Bened. Paris. 1698.
Fth49 The opinions entertained by divines in the middle ages, on this awful subject, are no where more vividly expressed than in Dionysius Carthusianus’ once popular treatise, “De quatuor hominis novissimis,” art. 40, “De diversitate et varietate tormentorum inferni,” pp. 183, et seq. Lovan. 1578.
Fth50 Qui ignis cujusmodi, et in qua mundi vel rerum parte futurus sit, hominem scire arbitror neminem, nisi forte cui Spiritus divinus ostendit.
De Civit. Dei, xix. 16. Oper. Tom. VII. col. 449, Edit. Bened. Antwerp, 1700.
Fth51 In Epistol. ad Ephes. Hom. in.: In Epist. ad Philippians Hom. xii. Oper.
Tom. xi pp. 21, 302. Edit. Bened. Paris. 1734.
Fth52 lever, 1563.
Fth53 one nere nother, 1563.
Fth54 And I had, 1563.
Fth55 unprepared, 1563.
Fth56 to, 1563.
Fth57 The opinions then commonly held by such persons as Dr Powell, on several of the points discussed in the foregoing articles, may be seen in Sir Thomas More’s Dialogue concerning Heresies, Book II. ch. viii. et seq.; The supplication of Souls, Book II.
Fth58 This licence seems to have been obtained, by means of Cromwell, sometime in 1537; yet the scriptures could not be said to be within the reach of “all the king’s obedient subjects,” until the following year, when the Bible was ordered to be set up in some convenient place within every parish church. Strype, Mem. of Cranm. pp. 81, et seq.
Oxf. 1812. Remains of Cranmer, edit. by Jenkyns, Vol. I. pp. 199, et seq Fth59 “General Injunctions 1535, to be given on the king’s highness’ behalf in all monasteries, and other houses, of whatsoever order or religion they be.” Wilkins’ Concilia, in p. 789. Burner, Hist. of Reform. Vol. I.
Part 2. pp. 215, et seq. Oxford, 1816.
Fth60 The Injunctions given to the clergy of the diocese of Hereford by archbishop Cranmer are in several clauses almost verbally the same with these injunctions. See, also, Injunctions given by Edmund Bonner, bishop of London, to his clergy. Wilkins, Concilia, in. pp. 843, 864.
Fth61 See Wilkins, Concilia, III. 807, 808.
Fth62 plague time.
Fth63 In the Cottonian MS. the argumnents and answers are in the handwriting of the respective disputants. The remarks of the king are written in the margin of the MS. and are here distinguished by the smaller type.
The “Act of Parliament” alluded to at the close of these arguments is doubtless that of the 27. Hen. VIII. which dissolved the lesser monasteries; for Latimer was not in circumstances to hold an argument with the monarch subsequent to the act for the dissolution of the larger monasteries.
Fth64 requiescunt, Cott. MS.
Fth65 compassion, Cott. MS.
Fth66 in this world.... purgatory, not in Cott. MS.
Fth67 operae pretium legere, Cott. MS.
Fth68 Oper. Tom. IV. prim. par. col. 132. Antw. 1700.
Fth69 Beati, not in Cott. MS.
Fth70 obtacta sunt, Cott. MS.
Fth71 frustraneum est.... purgatorium. K. Henry writing on this passage makes that of Latimer’s illegible between “est” and “purgatorium.”
Fth72 well and wise yet plying.
Fth73 in itself, Cott. MS. [s of, not in Cott. MS.
Fth74 August., Cott. MS. Oper. Tom. v. Append. col. 351, among the treatises ascribed to Augustine.
Fth75 to have made, MS.
Fth76 Oper. Tom. VI. Append. col. 754, 772. (spurious.)
Fth77 Note, not in Cott. MS.
Fth78 Oper. Tom. II. p. 778. Paris, 1699. Edit. Bened.
Fth79 write how and where, Cott. MS.
Fth80 or as and where, Cott. MS.
Fth81 Oper. col. 52. Paris, 1693. Edit. Bened.
Fth82 Oper. p. 166. Edit. Fell. Oxon. 1682.
Fth83 from this, Cott. MS.
Fth84 jEkei~nov me Tom. VIII. p. 374. Paris, 1728. Bened.
Fth85 nother, Cott. MS.
Fth86 all them, Cott. MS.
Fth87 redarguit eum, Cott. MS.
Fth88 After these disputations of Bishop Ridley ended, next was brought out Mr. Hugh Latimer to dispute, upon Wednesday, which was the 18th day of April. Which disputation began at eight of the clock...1684.
Fth89 The name of this person occurs as one of the proctors of theUniversity of Oxford, for the year 1546.
Nicholas Cartwright, M.A. and B.D., was once a great admirer of Peter Martyr, and the only assistant of that eminent person in his disputation at Oxford, with Tresham and Chedsey, in the reign of King Edward VI.
He was Master of the Hospital of St John, near Banbury, and had preferrment also in the Diocese of Lichfield. Wood, Fasti. Vol. I. pp. 103, 123. edit. Bliss.
A notice of the other persons, whose names occur in this disputation, is profixed to the “Examination, etc.” of Philpot. P. Soc. Edit.
Fth90 and the rest of the...... to him proposed is not in, 1684.
Fth91 The Protestation which follows is reprinted from Strype, as being fuller than that printed by Foxe. It is stated to have been “faithfully translated out of Latin into English;” and is given as from the “Foxe MSS.” The various readings found in two MSS., one belonging to Caius College, the other to Emmanuel College, Cambridge, are designatcd by C and E, respectively; and those portions which, in the main, are peculiar to the protestation given in the text, are inclosed in brackets.
Fth92 present the natural body of Christ, conceived of, 1684, very body, C.
Fth93 the appearances of bread, 1684.
Fth94 after consecration, 1684.
Fth95 profitable as well for the sins of the, 1684.
Fth96 new found terms, 1684. C.
Fth97 speech of the scripture, 1684, C.
Fth98 Howbeit, howsoever, 1684, C.
Fth99 thus I do answer plainly, 1684.
Fth100 I answer, I say, 1684.
Fth101 as a presence, 1684.
Fth102 we abide, 1684.
Fth103 Christ abideth in us, 1684.
Fth104 this same, 1684, C.
Fth105 called most fitly, 1684, C.
Fth106 real presence, that is, a presence not reigned, but a true and a faithful presence, 1684.
Fth107 I rehearse, C.
Fth108 a naked and a bare, 1684, bare and naked, C.
Fth109 many, concerning their corporal presence, 1684.
Fth110 it but for, 1684, C.
Fth111 in God’s, 1684, C.
Fth112 to be taken as fond and false, 1684; had and reputed, C; to be rejected, had and reputed as false, E.
Fth113 of the other, 1684, C.
Fth114 lords and masters of the transubstantions, 1684; lords and masters transubstantiators, C.
Fth115 I do not see how they can, 1684. I cannot see how they can avoid it.
The Nestorians deny that Christ had a true natural body, C.
Fth116 as I understand, seemeth, C.
Fth117 own proper person, 1684, own person, C.
Fth118 that pithy place of St Paul to the Hebrews where, 1684, C.
Fth119 purgation of, 1684, — for, C.
Fth120 And afterward, “That he might,” saith he, “be a merciful and faithful bishop, concerning those things which are to he done with God, for the taking away of our sins.” So that the expiation, or taking away of our sins, may be thought rather to depend on this, that Christ was an offering bishop, than a that he was offered, were it not; that he was offered of himself; and therefore it is needless that he should be offered of any other, 1684. a rather than, C.
Fth121 nothing of the presumptiousness, C.
Fth122 to dare to, 1684.
Fth123 derogation of the cross of Christ; for it is no base nor, E; a manifest vocation, specially in that it tendeth, making fruitless, 1684; specially that which intrudeth to the overthrowing and fruitless making, C; cross of Christ, for truly it is no base or mean thing to offer Christ, 1684.
Fth124 masters the offerers, 1684; masters offerers, C.
Fth125 Where? When? 1684. When and where? C.
Fth126 the Baptist, 1684, C.
Fth127 be thereunto called, 1684; called thereunto, C.
Fth128 masser or offerer at home, 1684; an offerer at home, C.
Fth129 he saith, “They that serve at the altar are partakers of the altar?” And so addeth, “So the Lord hath ordained that they that preach... 1684, C.
Fth130 their sacrificing, that there might be a living assigned to our sacrificers now, as was before Christ’s coming to the Jewish priests, 1684; our sacrificers, for now they have nothing to allege for their living, as they that be preachers have, C.
Fth131 as they that be preachers have. So that it appeareth, that the sacrificing priesthood is changed, by God’s ordinance, into a preaching priesthood; and the sacrificing priesthood should cease utterly, saying inasmuch as all christian men are sacrificing priests, 1684; sacrificing priesthood should now cease for ever, forasmuch as, C, E.
Fth132 thanksgiving, for the offering which the Lord himself did offer for us, much rather than that our offerers should do there as they do. a “Feed,” saith Peter, “as much as ye may the flock of Christ;” nay rather, Let us sacrifice as much as we may for the flock of Christ. If so be as the matter be b as men now make, I can never wonder enough that Peter would or could forget this office of sacrificing, which at this day is in such price and estimation, that c to feed is almost nothing with many. If thou cease from feeding the flock, how shalt thou be taken? Truly, catholic enough. But if thou cease from sacrificing and massing, how will that he taken? d At the least, I warrant thee, thou shalt be called an heretic. And whence, I pray you, come these papistical e judgments?
Except perchance they think a man feedeth the flock in sacrificing for them; and then what needeth there any learned pastors? For no man is so foolish but soon he may learn to sacrifice and mass it, 1684. a much more than our offerers should do there as such do, E. b If the mass be as now men make it, E. c estimation, to feed, E. d be taken? I warrant thee, thou shalt be called an heretic. And whence come these popish judgments, C. e perverse, E.
Fth133 Thus lo! I have taken the more pains to write, because I refused to dispute, in consideration of my debility b thereunto; that all men may know how that I have so done, not without great pains, 1684; of debility thereunto, that all men may know that I have so done, not without a just cause. I beseech your good, C. b unability, Harl. MS.
Fth134 as I never before have been debarred to have, C. E.
Fth135 once, 1684; more than two or, C.
Fth136 but now that I may speak the truth (by your leave) I could not be suffered to declare my mind before you, no not by the space, 1684, C.
Fth137 as I have not felt the like in such, C; heard nor felt, E.
Fth138 Surely it cannot be but an heinous offense that I have given. But what was it? a Forsooth, I had b spoken of the four marrow-bones of the mass. The which kind of speaking I never read c to be a sin against the Holy Ghost: I could not be allowed d to shew what I meant by my metaphor. But, sir, now, by your favor, I will shew your e mastership what I mean.
The first is the popish consecration; which hath been called f a God’sbody- making, 1684. C. E.
The second is, transubstantiation.
The third is, missal oblation.
The fourth, adoration. g The chief and principal portions, parts, and points belonging, or incident to the Mass, and most esteemed and had in price in the same, I call “the marrow-bones of the mass;” which, indeed, you by force, h might, and violence intrude i in sound of words, in some of the scripture, with racking and cramping, k injuring and wronging the same; but else, indeed, plain out of the scripture, as I am thoroughly l persuaded; m although in disputation I could now nothing do to persuade the same to others; n being both unapt to study, and also to make a shew of my former study, in such readiness as should be requisite to the same.
I have heard much talk of master doctor Weston, to and fro in my time; but I never knew your person, to my knowledge, till I came before you, as the queen’s majesty’s commissioner. I pray God send you so right judgment, as I perceive you have a great o wit, great learning, with many other qualities! God p give you grace ever to use them, and ever to have in remembrance, that he that dwelleth on high looketh on the low things on the earth; and that also there is no counsel against the Lord; and also that this world hath been, and yet is, a tottering world! and yet again, that though we must obey the princes, yet that hath this limitation, namely, in the Lord. For whose doth obey them against the Lord, they q be most pernicious to them, and the greatest adversaries that they have. r For so they procure God’s vengeance upon them, if God only be the ruler of things. s There be some so corrupt t in mind, the truth being taken from them, that they think gains to be godliness: great learned men, and yet men of no learning, but of railing and raging u about questions and strife of words. I call them men of no learning, because they know not Christ, how much else so ever they know. And on this sort we are wont v to call great learned clerks, being ignorant of Christ, unlearned men: for it is nothing but plain ignorance to know any thing w without Christ; whereas whoso knoweth x Christ, the same hath knowledge enough, although in other knowledge he be to seek. The apostle St Paul confesseth of himself to the Corinthians, y that he did know nothing but Jesus Christ crucified. Many men babble many things of Christ, which yet know z not Christ: but pretending Christ, do craftily color and darken his glory. “Depart from such men,” saith the apostle St Paul to Timothy. 1684. a What a one is, C. b I have freely, E. c read yet, E; found yet, C. d I could not then be, E; be suffered, C. e I will tell you what, C. f called of late, E. g Meaning by marrow-bones the chief, etc. C. h In indeed may by force, C; same, which by force, E. i violence trace and intrude, C. k varking and vamping, E. l truly. m persuaded to the same, E. n persuade to others, E. o good, E. p and, E; qualities; and ever to have in remembrance, C. q the same, E. r have, and affirm otherwise, C. s if so be that God be the captain of the commonweal, E. t corrupted, E; corrupt of, C. u raving, E. v it is a wont to call great clerks, E. w many things, E. x if a man know, E; if one know, C. y truth, E. z babble much of Christ which know not, C.
Fth139 saith. The place where, I now well remember not, except it be against the epistle of Petilianus, 1684.
Fth140 necessarily, 1684.
Fth141 Sive de Christo, sive de ejus ecclesia, sire de quacunque alia re quae pertinet ad fidem vitamque nestram.... si angelus de coelo vobis annunciaverit proetevquam quod in scripturis legalibus et evangelicis accepistis, anathema sit. Con. Literas Petil. III. 6.
Fth142 that curse, if you be wise! 1684.
Fth143 The martyr probably had in mind Basil’s Sermon peri< pi>stewv .
Oper. Tom. II. p. 24. Paris. 1722. Edit. Bened.
Fth144 necessarily, 1684.
Fth145 more probable, and more like, 1684.
Fth146 “But what mean you,” saith one, “by this talk so far from the matter?”
Well, I hope, good masters, you will suffer an old man little to play the child, and to speak one thing twice. O Lord God! you have changed the most holy communion into a private action, and you deny to the laity the Lord’s cup, contrary to Christ’s commandment; and ye do blemish the annunciation of the Lord’s death till he come. For you have changed the Common Prayer called, “The divine Service, with the Administration of the Sacraments,” from the vulgar and known language, into a strange tongue, contrary to the will of the Lord revealed in his word. God open the door of your heart, to see the things you should see herein! I would as fain obey my sovereign as any in this realm; but in these things I can never do it with an upright conscience. God be merciful unto us! Amen. 1684.
Fth147 “By this first and second communion,” observes Foxe, “the doctor meaneth the two books of public order set forth in king Edward’s days; the one in the beginning, the other in the latter end of his reign.”
Fth148 their, 1563.
Fth149 Ostendit illis mysterium eucharistiae inter coenandum celebratum non coenam esse. Ambros. Oper. Tom. II. Append. col. 149. c.
Fth150 Pa>lin mustagwgei~ to< pa>sca toi~v maqhtai~v ejn uJperw>w| kai< meta< dei~pnon, kai< pro< mia~v tou~ paqei~n hJme>rav hJmei~v ejn proseuch~v oi]koiv kai< pro< tou~ dei>pnou kai< meta< th Fth151 Both these statements are erroneous. The reading in 1 Corintians 11:28, is a]nqrwpov .
Fth152 Christ said, I563.
Fth153 this, 1563.
Fth154 my good master, 1563.
Fth155 have been, 1563.
Fth156 good master, 1563.
Fth157 It is long, 1563.
Fth158 Ye have said mass at Greenwich full devoutly, 1563, Harl. MS.
Fth159 Then they hissed and clapped their hands at him. Foxe.
Fth160 Answer to a Crafty and Sophistical Cavillation devised by Stephen Gardiner. See below, p. 272.
Fth161 See Hospinian, Historiae Sacramentariae, etc. Par. 2. pp. 221, et seq.
Genev. 1681.
Fth162 defend himself, I trow, 1563.
Fth163 Here Tresham began to dispute in Latin. Foxe.
Fth164 sacramentally, 1563.
Fth165 taken, 1563.
Fth166 his deed, 1563.
Fth167 used from, 1563.
Fth168 the, 1563.
Fth169 of, 1563.
Fth170 De Trinitate, Lib. VIII. 13. Oper. col. 955. Paris. 1693. Edit. Bened.
See Cranmer, Park. Soc. Ed. pp. 413, 4.
Fth171 Propriety is a sacrament of unity perfectly by the sacrament, 1563.
Fth172 large, 1563.
Fth173 my good master, 1563.
Fth174 plainer, 1563.
Fth175 Not in 1563. See Ridley’s Works, p. 197, note 1. Park. Soc. Ed.
Fth176 Lex quippe esum sanguinis prohibet, evangelium praecipit ut bibatur.
But the treatise is spurious.
Fth177 By that reason the old and new Testament should not differ, but should be contrary one from the other, which ca,mot be true in natural or moral precepts. Foxe.
Fth178 Opera, Tom. IV. prim. par. col. 300. Antwerp, 1700. Edit. Bened.
Fth179 never will go, 1563.
Fth189 In Evang. Johan. Tract. XXV. Opera, Tom. III. col. 354. Antwerp, 1700.
Fth181 The edition of 1684, and other editions of Foxe, erroneously read as follows: Weston. “Nay, credere non est bibere nec edere, ‘to believe is not to drink or cat.’ You will not say ‘I pledge you,’ when I say, ‘I believe in God’.” Latimer “Is not manducare, ‘ to eat,’ in your learning, put for credere, ‘ to believe’?” Weston. “I remember, my lord chancellor, etc.”
The reading given in the text is that of the edition of 1563, and of the Harleian MS. 422, Art. 16.
Fth182 Stephen Gardiner, Bishop of Winchester.
Fth183 a edere in some places is taken for credere; but that in all places it is so taken, it followeth not. Foxe.
Fth184 This place of the Hebrews alludeth to the old sacrifice of the Jews, who, in the feast of the propitiation, the tenth day, used to carry the flesh of the sacrifice out of the tents to be burnt upon the altar without, because none of them which served in the tabenaacle should eat thereof: only the blood was carried by the high priest into the holy place. Foxe.
Fth185 Supplied from the edition 1563, and Harl. MS.
Fth186 This argument, because the major thereof is not universal, is not formal, and may well be retorted against Weston, thus:
Celarent - “No natural or moral thing, forbidden materially in the old Testament, is commanded in the new. “To drink man’s natural blood is forbidden materially in the old Testament.. “Ergo, To drink man’s natural blood materially is not commanded in the new.”
Fth187 +W th~v tou~ Cristou~ filanqrwpi>av, w+ th~v tou~ jIou>da paraplhxi>av, w+ th~v mani>av oJ me Bened.
Fth188 persuaded Mr. doctor to recant here, 1563.
Fth189 brought you and converted you back, 1563.
Fth190 See Dr Wordsworth’s note, Ecclesiastes Biogr. II. p. 600, 3rd Edit.
Fth191 See Cranmer, Answer to Gardiner, pp. 91, et seq. Park. Soc Edit.
Fth192 Invenio quomodo sine impietate adoretur terra, sine impietate adoretur scabellum pedum ejus. Suscepit enim de terra terram, quia caro de terra est, et de carne Mariae camem accepit. Et quia in ipsa carne hic ambulavit, st ipsam carnem nobis manducandam ad salutem dedit; nemo autem illam carnem manducat, nisi prius adoraverit. Oper.
Tom. IV. col. 799. Antverp. 1700, Edit. Bened. It is hardly necessary to observe, that no writings of Linus are extant.
Fth193 Supplied from 1563, and Hark MS.
Fth194 a+r j oujci< kai< swmatikw~v ejnoiki>zousa to Tom. Iv. p. 862, Lutetiae, 1638. See also Cranmer, De praesentia Christi, etc. p. 71, Park. Soc. Edit. where the bearing of this citation is explained.
Fth195 Cranmer, De proesentia Christi, etc. pp. 71, 72, and Answer to Gardiner, pp. 54, 55, 93, et seq. Park. Soc. Edit.
Fth196 For because, 1563.
Fth197 The spurious tract, Precationes ad missam praeparantes, seems to be here intended.
Fth198 Probably for Psalm 33. Ferebatur Christus, etc., that being the passage usually cited by Romanists. August. Oper. Tom. IV. col. 160.
Antverp. 1700, Edit. Bened.
Fth199 oujk a]nqrwpoi mo>noi bow~si th Fth200 ti> le>geiv ; ejn cersi Fth201 A mistake. The passage is that next given from the Homily on the Epistle to the Philippians.
Fth202 In Epist. ad Philip. Hom. 3. sub fin. oujk eijkh~ tau~ta ejnomoqeth>qh uJpo< tw~n ajposto>lwn , to< ejpi< tw~n friktw~n musthri>wn mnh>mhn gi>nesqai tw~n ajpelqo>ntwn . i]sasin aujtoi~v polu< ke>rdov geno>menon , pollh Paris. 1734. Edit. Bened.
Fth203 Oper. Tom. VI. col. 174. Antverp. 1701. Edit. Bened.
Fth204 See Cranmer, De praesentia Christi, etc. pp. 96, 97, and Answer to Gardiner, pp. 352, et seq. Park. Soc. Edit.
Fth205 otherwise..... to offer: not in 1563, nor Harl. MS.
Fth206 Nay: where are you called to offer? 1563; Harl. MS.
Fth207 your altars, 1563.
Fth208 fletyng, 1563.
Fth209 this, 1563.
Fth210 flying-brains.
Fth211 atque... decernimus. Ad Constant. ii. 5: Opera, col. 1228. Paris. 1693.
Edit. Bened.
Fth212 The person here alluded to is with reason supposed to have been Alexander Mess, a native of Edinburgh, and who was for some time an exile in Germany on account of his adherence to the doctrines of the reformation. He was employed to translate the first liturgy of king Edward VI. into Latin. See Wordsworth, Eccles. Biogr. Vol. V. pp. 247, note 2; 604, note 3, 3rd edit.
Fth213 See Ridley’s Works, p. 276. Park. Soc. Edit.
Fth214 are, 1563.
Fth215 Lincoln said, 1563.
Fth216 were, 1563.
Fth217 error, 1563.
Fth218 my Lord, 1563.
Fth219 did, 1563.
Fth220 you stand now, 1563.
Fth221 ”Qui tradiderunt me tibi majus peccatum habent,” saith Christ. Foxe.
Fth222 us, to acknowledge.
Fth223 Argument: Christ bade Peter regere, govern his people: Ergo, the pope must play the rex, to reign over kings and emperors. Foxe.
Fth224 to regere, 1563.
Fth225 diked, 1563.
Fth226 pleasures, as it shall please, 1,563.
Fth227 riseth, 1563.
Fth228 Leviticus, 1563.
Fth229 ensure, 1563.
Fth230 This was a sermon preached at Paul’s Cross, on the 12th Nov. 1553, by Dr Brookes, bishop of Gloucester. That passage of the sermon to which Latimer alludes, is given at length by Dr Wordsworth, Eccl.
Biogr. Vol. II. pp. 643, et seq.
Fth231 he looketh, 1563.
Fth232 the, 1563.
Fth233 matters, 1563.
Fth234 to regere , 1563.
Fth235 a part, and to snatch, 1563.
Fth236 and so he required the notaries to, 1563.
Fth237 “That the true and natural body of Christ, after the consecration of the priest, is not really present in the sacrament of the altar.” See Ridley’s Works, p. 271. Park. Soc. Ed.
Fth238 “That in the sacrament of the altar remaineth still the substance of bread and wine.”
Fth239 man, 1563.
Fth240 that, 1563.
Fth241 greatest, you now establish most, 1563.
Fth242 now you, 1563.
Fth243 “That in the mass is no propitiatory sacrifice for the quick and the dead.”
Fth244 “That these thy foresaid assertions solemnly have been condemned by the scholastical censure of this school, as heretical and contrary to the catholic faith, by the worshipful master Doctor Weston, prolocutor then of the convocation-house, as’ also by other learned men of both the universities.”
Fth245 because master Latimer did not answer, 1563.
Fth246 “That all and singular the premises be true, notorious, and famous, and openly known by public fame, as well to them near hand, and also to them in distant places far off.”
Fth247 let not me, 1563.
Fth248 See Ridley’s Works, p. 286. Park. Soc. Edit.
Fth249 either, 1563.
Fth250 seemeth, 1563.
Fth251 inculke, 1563.
Fth252 another, 1563.
Fth253 The sentiments here quoted belong in the main to Cyprian, but the history is not altogether accurate. It was to the Roman proconsul that he said: In re tam justa nulla est consultatio. See Cypriani Vita, and the treatise De Exhortat. Martyrii, c. 11, pp. 13 and 177, edit. Fell. Oxon. 1682.
Fth254 either, 1563.
Fth255 promised, 1563.
Fth256 most like, 1563.
Fth257 The cause of the martyrs of the primitive time, and of the latter time, is all one. Foxe.
Fth258 until that it, 1563.
Fth259 man as you, 1563.
Fth260 legasid, 1563.
Fth261 be seemed, 1563.
Fth262 by spirit, 1563.
Fth263 the which, 1563.
Fth264 To, 1563.
Fth265 sacrifice, not in 1563.
Fth266 ne could ne would, 1563.
Fth267 lords, 1563.
Fth268 causes, 1563.
Fth269 such a true, 1563.
FTE9 through Jesus Christ our Lord. Which God the Father grant both to you and me for his mercy’s sake: to whom, with the Son and the Holy Ghost, be all praise, honor and glory, both now and ever. Amen :— 1607. MATTHEW 20:14 FOOTNOTES FTF1 One or other of the following interpretations of the parable is recited in most of the commentaries and sermons on this portion of scripture, from St. Jerome’s time down to the Reformation.
FTF2 those, 1571.
FTF3 will, 1571.
FTF4 See Volume 1 p. 50, note 4; Reflexions upon the devotions of the Roman Church, pp. 258, et seq.
FTF5 of the service, 1571.
FTF6 be, 1607.
FTF7 never, 1607. fti1 The original of this letter, and of the rest which were written in Latin, will be found in the Appendix. fti2 In all probability, Dr. Thomas Greene, who, at the time this letter was written, was master of Catharine Hall, and vice-chancellor of the University of Cambridge. fti3 Sir Richard Wingfield, of Kimbolton Castle, in Huntingdonshire, Knight of the Garter, the eleventh son of Sir John Wingfield, of Leatheringham, in Suffolk. This gentleman was employed in many services of importance, both by Henry VII and Henry VIII. In the 14th Henry VIII he obtained a grant from the crown of the castle and manor of Kimbolton, and of other possessions forfeited by the duke of Buckingham. He was employed in an embassy to the emperor in Spain, and in that service died at Toledo, July 22, 1525, and was there buried with great solemnity, in the church of the Friars Observants of St. John de Pois. In the 38th Volume of the Baker MSS. there is a copy of a joint letter from Tunstall, bishop of London, and Dr. Sampson, which contains an interesting account of Sir Richard’s last illness and funeral.
The register of the University states that he was elected high-steward of that body in 1524, “on the death of Thomas Lovell.” The object of Latimer’s letter is obviously to further Sir Richard’s election. Blore, Hist. of the Co. of Rutland, 1. Part 2 pp. 68 et seq.; Leland, Itinerary, Vol. 1. p. 2; Magna Britan. Vol. 2. p. 1056. fti4 Sir Thomas Lovell, it is conjectured, is the person here alluded to. He was the youngest of three brothers, all very eminent knights of the age in which they lived, and the sons of Sir Ralph Lovell of West-Hall, or Beauchamp Well, in the county of Norfolk. Sir Thomas was made chancellor of the Exchequer, when only an esquire, was afterwards elected a Knight of the Garter; then made treasurer of the household and a privy councillor to Henry VII; and was an executor of the will of that sovereign, as well as of the will of lady Margaret, the king’s mother, and foundress of the colleges of St. John and Christ, in Cambridge. Under Henry VIII Sir Thomas Lovell held several important offices, and was employed on many important occasions. He died on the 25th of May, 1524. Blore, Hist. of the county of Rutland, Vol. 1. Part 2. pp. 46 et seq.; Blomefield and Park, in Norfolk, Vol. 1. p. 218 et seq.; Nichols, Royal Wills, p. 366. fti5 Sir Thomas More. fti6 This Dr Redman, “being of no little authority in Cambridge,” wrote to Latimer, (probably about 1527,) to dissuade him from his “manner of teaching;” taking occasion, also, to charge Latimer with being under the influence of delusion and self-opinion. The letter in the text is a reply to Dr. Redman’s communication. Respecting Dr. Redman himself, who was the first master of Trinity college, Cambridge, and the intimate friend of Roger Ascham, see Wood, Athen. Oxon. Vol. 1. pp. 193 et seq. Edit. Bliss.; Strype, Eccl. Mem. Vol. 2. 1. pp. 527, etc.
Oxf.; Mem. of Cranm. pp. 386 et seq. Oxf. fti7 Quisquis metu cujuslibet potestatis veritatem occultat, iram Dei super se provocat, quia magis timet hominem quam Deum. Quoted in Decret.
Gratian. Decr. Sec. Pars, Caus. 11. Qu. 3. can. 80, as from the Epist. of Augustine to Casulanus, but the passage is not found in the writings of Augustine. fti8 alonely, 1563. fti9 to be of the sort, 1563. fti10 what thing, 1563. fti11 challenge, fti12 enter, 1563. fti13 sore, 1563. fti14 your grace, 1563. fti15 less, 1563. fti16 taken most vilest, 1563. fti17 lowly, favorable, 1563. fti18 have in, 1563. fti19 Christ his life, 1563. fti20 or, 1563. fti21 poorly, 1563. fti22 they were, 1563. fti23 bed in, 1563. fti24 the, 1563. fti25 nor, 1563. fti26 his heart, 1563. fti27 praiseth, 1563. fti28 his, 1563. fti29 The acts alluded to were: (1) For regulating the Fees on the Probate of Wills; (2) For limiting Mortuaries; and, (3) For abridging Pluralities of Benefices, and enforcing the residence of the Clergy. (21 Hen. VIII. 100:5, 6, 13.) These acts were passed by the Commons as the result of their communing “of their grefes wherwith the Spiritualtie had before tyme grevously oppressed them.” Hall states, that when the bill “concerning probates of Testaments” was sent up to the house of lords, “the Archbishop of Canterburie, in especiall, and all other bishoppes in generall, both frowned and grunted.” Dr. Fisher, bishop of Rochester, attributed the proceedings of the commons to the “lacke of faith:” whilst the Commons, on their part, resented the fastening on them the stigma of heresy, and thereupon complained to the king. Bishop Fisher explained away the obnoxious part of his speech, and the king mediated, but the Commons were not to be so easily pacified. Hall’s Chronicle, by Ellis, pp. 756 et seq. Lond. 1809. fti30 the true, 1563. fti31 such evil, 1563. fti32 I mean, 1563. fti33 A mistake no doubt for the “tenth.” fti34 these, 1563. fti35 in the, 1563. fti36 is, 1563. fti37 The proclamation alluded to is “against erroneous books and heresies, and against translating the Bible in English, French, or Dutch.”
Wilkins’s Concilia, Vol. 3. pp. 740, et seq. Some interesting particulars connected with this document are given by Dr Wordsworth, Eccl.
Biog. Vol. 3. pp. 470, et seq. 3rd Edit. fti38 let not the, 1563. fti39 worldly wise, 1563. fti40 alonely, 1563. fti41 and so they, 1563. fti42 which, 1563. fti43 say true, 1563. fti44 which obstinately withstand and againsay, 1563. fti45 regardeth, 1563. fti46 and that that was, 1563. fti47 “A proclamation for resisting and withstanding of most damnable heresies, sown within this realm by the disciples of Luther, and other heretics, perverters of Christ’s religion.” This was in 1529. Foxe, Acts and Mon. Vol. 2. pp. 236 et seq. Edit. 1684. fti48 He meaneth of Cranmer, Cromwell, and one or two more, against whom the bishop of Winchester and his faction did prevail. Foxe. fti49 He meaneth of the pope, which went about to drive king Henry out of his kingdom, and that not without some adherents near about the king.
Foxe. fti50 hath, 1563. fti51 Probably he alludes to Tewksbury, Freese, etc. Foxe, Acts and Mon.
Vol. 2. pp. 242 et seq. Edit. 1684. Wordsworth. fti52 office, these books, nor, 1563. fti53 hurt them to go out of frame, 1684. fti54 put in mind, 1563. fti55 that that I think, 1563. fti56 disciples that should, 1563. fti57 leave their, 1563. fti58 He meaneth this belike by Sir Thomas More, who, for the bishops’ pleasure, set his pen against the gospel. Foxe. fti59 There is no more of this letter in the edition of 1563. Foxe observes, “More of this letter came not to our hands, gentle reader, and yet we would not defraud thee of that we had, considering the pithiness thereof.” fti60 By Nathan we may learn not to be ashamed to call back our words, when we know God’s pleasure to be otherwise. Foxe. fti61 The date of this letter (which is translated from the Latin printed by Foxe) may with great probability be assigned to 1531. It is an answer to a letter written to Latimer by Dr Sherwood, who dates his communication from Derham, or Dirham, a village in Gloucestershire, but so near the borders of Wilts as to be almost the next parish to West Kington. It appears from Dr Sherwood’s letter (which is printed in Foxe), that he charged Latimer with rash judgment and uncharitableness. The ground of that charge was an exposition of the 10th chapter of St. John, in which Latimer was alleged to have asserted that all bishops, all popes, and all ecclesiastics, were thieves and robbers, for the hanging of whom all the hemp in England would barely suffice: that in the church were more goats than sheep: that it was, accordingly, hard to say where the true church was to be found: yet that whosoever confessed with Peter that Jesus was the Son of the living God, was Peter and of the church: that, consequently, the 16th chapter of St. Matthew had as much reference to every christian man upon earth, as to St. Peter; and that there was, therefore, less necessity for upholding the primacy of Peter, than for adopting his confession of Christ. Mr. Latimer was further charged with having taught the doctrine: “That all Christians are priests, and that persons, when ordained to the ministry of the church, receive no power which they had not before;” and he was, finally, reported to have said, that when our Lord spoke of some precepts being “least,” he referred to the impieties of the scribes and Pharisees. The object of Dr. Sherwood’s letter was to refute these allegations; and this called forth the reply from Latimer, which is given in the text. fti62 See Biblia cum Glossis Ordinar. in loc. cit. fti63 Comm. in Matthew 16:18. ejkklhsi>a ga Oper. Tom. 4. col. 132, Paris. 1706, Edit. Bened. fti67 De Baptismo, 3:26. Oper. Tom. 9. col. 80. Antverp. 1700. edit. Bened. fti68 The following note occurs in the margin of a MS. copy of this letter, (Harl. MSS. 422, Art. 14): “This is in Latimer’s hand, if I mistake not, to Hubbardin, that opposed his doctrine circuitim , 1531 or 1532.” The accounts of the imprisonments, etc. which Foxe gives, of the several persons mentioned at the close of the letter make the earlier of these dates the more probable one. fti69 dicitis, Harl. MS. fti70 tenebras lucem, et lucem tenebras, Harl. MS. fti71 sayeth, Harl. MS. fti72 Thomas Aquinas. fti73 Duns Scotus. fti74 imitation, Harl. MS. fti75 You marvel, Harl. MS. fti76 presently, Harl. MS. fti77 and, Harl. MS. fti78 Robert Holcot, a Dominican friar at Northampton, one of the most eminent English schoolmen and a voluminous writer. Tanner, Biblioth.
Brit. p. 407. fti79 In the Harl. MS. Bright: possibly William Brito, or Breton, a Franciscan, the author of a popular biblical lexicon and other theological works, which were had in repute at the time. Tanner, Biblioth. p. 128; Antiq. of the English Franciscans, pp. 163 et seq. fti80 others, supplied from Harl. MS. fti81 new school after the, Harl. MS. fti82 there, Harl. MS. fti83 never, Harl. MS. fti84 favors, I speak of, that are of my knowledge, Harl. MS. fti85 imprisoned, Harl. MS. fti86 Some account of these several persons are given by Foxe, Acts and Mon. Vol. 3. pp. 260 — 264, edit. 1684. fti87 other men, Harl. MS. fti88 The allusion to the correspondence of the bishop of London with the chancellor of the diocese of Sarum; the mention of “this deep winter;” the purpose expressed by Latimer to “make merry with his parishioners this Christmas,” — all go to fix the date of this letter to the latter end of December, 1531.
Sir Edward Baynton was the head of an ancient and honorable family in Wiltshire, which inherited the property of the Beauchamps, lords St.
Amand. The seat of the Beauchamps, and afterwards of the Bayntons, was Bromham, situate between Calne and Chippenham, and Devizes.
The house was burnt down during the civil wars in 1652, when the family removed to Spye Park, in the immediate neighborhood of Bromham. Sir Edward Baynton was a near relative of Cardinal Pole, was in great favor with Henry VIII and was vice-chamberlain to three of his queens. The property of Sir Edward lay within a few miles of Latimer’s parish. Wordsworth, Ecclesiastes Biogr. Vol. 3. pp. 490, 499, 3rd edit. fti89 Christo, 1684. fti90 Dr. Richard Hilley. Foxe, Acts and Mon. Vol. 3. p. 382, edit. 1684. fti91 Dr. John Stokesly. See Newcourt, Repertorium, Vol. 1. p. 11. fti92 and feeble, 1563. fti93 alonely, 1563. fti94 my disease, 1563. fti95 nor, 1563. fti96 would to be, 1563. fti97 Some of the London churches being Peculiars; and some being then attached to monasteries, and exempt from episcopal jurisdiction. fti98 suing, 1563. fti99 Thomas Clark, M.A. Newcourt, Repert. Vol. 1. p. 432. fti100 The university of Cambridge, which has still the power to license twelve persons to preach in any part of the realm. See Strype, Life of Parker, 1. 382, et seq. 3. 121, et seq. Oxf. edit. where forms of this License are given. fti101 alonely, 1563. fti102 would, 1563. fti103 nor it did not, 1563. fti104 See the passage quoted before, p. 315. fti105 Nor yet I do not, 1563. fti106 nor I think not judges, fti107 monish, 1563. fti108 and, 1563. fti109 noseled, 1563. fti110 Evil will never saith “well.” Foxe. fti111 Commonly written hugger-mugger , “secretly.” See Todd’s Johnson’s Dictionary. fti112 nor, 1563. fti113 neither, 1.563. fti114 naughty, 1563. fti115 upon, 1563. fti116 Nay, my lord will none of that. Foxe. fti117 Dr. Warham. fti118 Dr. Tonstal. fti119 of popish, 1563. fti120 Mart. 1:39. fti121 I am not, 1563. fti122 in a sum, 1563. fti123 I will not, 1563. fti124 your, 1563. fti125 would, 1563. fti126 christened, 1563. fti127 noy, 1563. fti128 had, 1563. fti129 that and if, 1563. fti130 friar in a, 1563. fti131 diseased. Etc. 1563. fti132 or, 1563. fti133 Stokesley was particularly zealous and effective in promoting Henry’s view in his great matter of the divorce. To him the king referred Sir Thomas More, lord chancellor, for satisfaction in that very important point, that his marriage with the widow of prince Arthur, being directly against the law of nature, could in no wise by the church be dispensable. Roper’s Life of Sir Thomas More, p. 54, edit. 1729.
Quoted in Wordsworth, Eccl. Biogr. 2. p. 500. See also p. 128 of the volume last mentioned. fti134 Pope Julius II. fti135 remissible, 1563. fti136 doth, 1563. fti137 boldened, 1563. fti138 is so out, 1563. fti139 should, 1563. fti140 The Letter of Sir Edward Baynton, to which this is a reply, is given by Foxe in the pages cited above. The date of this Letter is ascertained within a few days, from the circumstance that, at the close of it, Latimer states that he had just received a “citation” to appear before the bishop of London; that citation being dated January 10, 1531 — 2.
See Foxe, Acts and Mon. Vol. 3. p. 382, edit. 1684. fti141 danger in them, 1563. fti142 truth one thing, 1563. fti143 or, fti144 can I not, 1563. fti145 my, 1563. fti146 alonely, 1563. fti147 may I not, 1563. fti148 peccatum est? If you be certain and sure. Contra, alonely God knoweth, 1563. fti149 deep and profound, 1563. fti150 that, 1563. fti151 hath, 1563. fti152 It may be stated once for all, that the Edition of 1563 does not usually contain a translation, in each case, of the Latin sentences which occur in this Letter. fti153 no, not, 1563. fti154 appointeth it, 1563. fti155 He meaneth the pope and his papists, which could not abide the dissolving of the marriage between king Henry and his brother’s wife.
Foxe. fti156 in heathenness, 1563. fti157 the occasion, 1563. fti158 A priory and hospital which formerly stood within the parish of St.
Botolph, Bishopsgate, London, and where sermons used to be preached in the church-yard on every Easter Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday, the lord mayor and aldermen being present in their robes.
Stowe, Surv. of London, Vol. 1. b. 2. p. 98, edit. Strype. fti159 exponis fti160 pronuntiant scripturarum . fti161 Oper. Tom. 1. col. 1668 et seq. Paris. 1693 — 1706, edit. Bened. fti162 Dominus himself, 1563. fti163 professores and confessores, 1563. fti164 Oper. Tom. 7. pp. 504 et seq. Paris. 1727, edit. Bened. fti165 and scripture, 1563. fti166 to God, 1563. fti167 Comment. in Jeremiah 26 Oper. Tom. 3. col. 655. fti168 The following is the passage as found in the commentary of St. Jerome on Nahum 3 sub fine: — Elevabitur et properabit populus, qui sub magistris ante fuerat consopitus; et ibit ad montes scripturarum, ibique inveniet montes Moysen et Jesum filium Nave; montes, prophetas; montes novi Testamenti, apostolos et evangelistas: et quum ad tales montes confugerit, et in hujusmodi montium fuerit lectione versatus, si non invenerit qui eum doceat, (messis enim multa, operarii autem pauci, ) tunc et illius studium comprobabitur, quia confugerit ad montes, et magistrorum desidia coarguetur. Oper. Tom. 3. col. 1590, Paris. 1704, edit. Bened. fti169 confessores, 1563. fti170 Antichrists, 1563. fti171 Oper. Tom. 3. Pars 2, col. 614 et seq. edit. Bened. Antv. 1700. fti172 blind man eateth, 1563. fti173 Et vultis nosse quam aperte resistant isti Christo? Aliquando evenit ut aliquid mali faciant, et incipiant corripi: quia Christum non audent blasphemare, ministros ejus blasphemant a quibus corripiuntur. In Epist. Johan. Tract. 3:9. Oper. ubi supr. fti174 And better it were, 1563. fti175 leaving that undone, 1563. fti176 love, 1563. fti177 0per. Tom. 3. Pars 2, col. 661, Antv. 1700. Thom. Aquin. In Epist. ad Romans cap. 6. Oper. Tom. 6. p. 76, Venet. 1775. fti178 I either, 1563. fti179 Allusion is here had, most probably, to the decretal of pope Boniface VIII in the canon law de majorirate et obedientia: “Porro subesse Romano Pontifici omni humanae creaturae declaramus, dicimus, definimus, et pronunciamus omnino esse de necessitate salutis.”
Extravag. Commun. Lib. 1. Titus 8:100 1. fti180 Better known by the name of de Turrecremata. He was by birth a Spaniard, and by profession a Dominican, of which order he became general. He was made a cardinal and bishop by pope Eugenius IV and died an old man in 1468. As a canonist and papal advocate, “John of the Burnt Tower” was among the most eminent men of his day. The “book” here referred to is most probably the Summa de Ecclesia, which treats of the papal authority, and in which the pope is made out to be Rex regum, etc. and in authority of jurisdiction superior to a general council, (see more particularly, Lib. 2. 100:52, 53, 113; Lib. 3. 100:44. fol. 166 et seq. 262 et seq. 324 et seq. Venet. 1561.) An account of de Turrecremata and his writings is given by Antonius, Biblioth. Hispana Vetus, etc. Tom. 2. p. 286 et seq. Matrit. 1788, curant. Bayer. and by Freher. Theatrum Viror. p. 20 et seq. Noriburg. 1688. fti181 Alluding to the well-known forgery which passes under the name of the Donatio Constantini. See Decret. Gratian. Pars Prima, Dist. 96. cann. 13, 14. and Sec. Pars, Caus. 12. Quaest. 1. can. 15. fti182 A papal agent for selling dispensations and indulgences. fti183 Dr. Edward Crome, rector of St. Mary Aldermary, who, in March, 1530, was” convented before the bishop of London and other bishops,” on suspicion of heresy. In order to free himself from that suspicion he had to make confession of his faith in a series of articles, in most respects similar to those which the bishops afterwards required Latimer to subscribe to. Strype, Eccl. Mem. 3:1 pp. 158 et seq. fti184 Sir Walter Hungerford, of Farley Hungerford, a place about six miles from Bath. Wordsworth, Eccl. Biog. 3. 516, note. fti185 Bp. Stokesly. fti186 Dr. William Warham. The date of the letter may be assigned to the middle of March, 1532. For Latimer excuses himself for declining to subscribe certain articles, though repeatedly pressed to subscribe, and thus alludes to what took place in the convocation held March 11, 1532. As, also, from the tenor of the letter it may be collected, that Latimer was still under the displeasure of the archbishop and bishops, he must be presumed to have written it before the 21st of March, when he made his submission to the convocation. The translation of this letter is supplied, by Dr. Wordsworth’s kind permission, from the Ecclesiastical Biography, Vol. 2. pp. 517 et seq. 3rd Edit. fti187 “From this passage,” Dr. Wordsworth observes, “we may presume that this letter was written in Lent. The year was 1531-2. His first citation was in ‘deep winter;’ but some time had now elapsed since then.” fti188 The reference seems to be to Jerome’s Com. in Jeremiah 1. Oper.
Tom. 3. col. 532, Paris. 1704. edit. Bened. fti189 It is to this period that Latimer seems to have alluded in his sermon at Stamford. See Vol. 1. p. 294. fti190 William Greenwood, B.D. fellow of St. John’s college, Cambridge, and one of those who openly impugned Latimer’s preaching in that university. He was either executed for denying the royal supremacy, or died in prison. This seems to be the letter for which Latimer was called to account by convocation, on the 19th of April, 1532, and may, therefore, be dated in that month. Baily [or Hall], Life of Bp. Fisher, p. 31, London, 1655; Lamb, Collection of Letters, etc. pp. 14, et seq.; Wilkins, Concilia, Vol. 3. p. 748. fti191 folows, MS. fti192 The same person who was. afterwards secretary to archbishop Cranmer. See above, p. 222. The letter itself, as is apparent, relates to the articles imputed to Mr. Latimer by Dr. Powell and others. The probable date of it is May or June, 1533. fti193 A letter from Richard Brown, priest, to a member of convocation, dated March 18, 1533, states that “The same Latimer is assigned for to preach again at Bristow, the Wednesday in Easter-week, except by your commandment to the dean there he be denied and forbid to preach.” And the report of the commissioners who were appointed by Cromwell to inquire into the religious feuds, which had grown up in Bristol in consequence of Mr. Latimer’s preaching, sets forth, that at the “tyme of Ester [1533] Huberdyn came to Brystow and preached in Sainte Thomas Chyrche, at after none on Ester eve and at Saynte Nycholas Chyrche, before none on Ester day, and there prechyd scharply agenst Latomer’s artycules, provenynge them be auctorytes, as well by the Olde as the New Testamentes, sysmatyke and yrronyous.” Strype, Eccl. Mem. 1. 1:248, Oxf. Edit. Letters relating to the suppression of the Monasteries, p. 9. See also above, p. 325, note 1. fti194 which, 1563. fti195 See above, p. 225, etc. fti196 See above, p. 226, note 1. The state of the controversy on this subject is given at large by Chamier, Panstratia Catholica, Tom. 3. Lib. 5, 100:2. et seq. Genevae, 1626. fti197 is, 1563. fti198 alonely, 1563. fti199 See master Latimer’s error in those days. Foxe. fti200 “Pare away the scurf,” and clean take away all popery. Foxe. fti201 betwixt that that Christ made, 1563. fti202 either say, 1563. fti203 betwixt suffering, 1563. fti204 a pain, 1563. fti205 See above, p. 236, note 1. fti206 leaver, 1563. fti207 I had hanged, 1563. The allusion is to the story of Richard Hun, Foxe, Acts and Mon. Vol. 2. p. 8 et seq. edit. 1684. fti208 leiffer, 1563. fti209 yet and if, 1563. fti210 In Matthew. Hom. 23, Oper. Tom. 7. Pp. 294, et seq. Paris. 1727.
Edit. Bened. See also above, p. 236, note 2. fti211 hath, 1563. fti212 leiffer, 1563. fti213 he, 1563. fti214 hurt to no, 1563. fti215 The Roman road leading from Bath by Cirencester on to Lincoln.
Hoare, Ancient Wiltshire, Vol. 2. p. 23. fti216 The famous relic referred to, Vol. 1. p. 231. A more, particular account of this object of superstition will be found in the notes to a letter from Latimer to Cromwell, under date of October 28, 1538. fti217 unite, 1563. fti218 not have meddled, 1563. fti219 Strype, not without reason, conjectures that this person may have been Dr. Nicholas Wilson, parson of St. Thomas the Apostle, in London, who was attainted with bishop Fisher and others, in 1534, for refusing the oaths of supremacy and succession. He appears also to have been prebendary of St. Paul’s, and archdeacon of Oxford. Strype, Eccl.
Mem. 1. 1:246. Newcourt, Repertorium, Vol. 1. p. 164. fti220 none, 1563. fti221 kings are little, 1563. fti222 twicke, 1563. fti223 text for them, 1563.
Ftj1 The “commissioners” mentioned in this letter were those employed to administer the oath exacted by the act which entailed the crown on the issue of Henry VIII. by Queen Anne Boleyn. That act was passed in 1534 (25 Hen. VIII. c. 22), and confirmed in 1535 (26 Hen. VIII. c. 2); and as this letter appears to have been written before Latimer was raised to the episcopacy, the probable date of it is the summer of 1535.
The recommendation of Latimer that the “oaths and names” of parties who had been sworn should be registered, was in accordance with the plan adopted as regarded the members of both houses of parliament.
See Holinshed, Chronicle, III. p. 937; Herbert, Life of Hen. VIII. pp. 408, et seq.
Ftj2 The deed for the restoration of the temporalities of the see of Worcester on the election and consecration of Bishop Latimer is dated Oct. 4, 1535. Rymer, Vol. 14, p. 533.
Ftj3 Archbishop Cranmer.
Ftj4 “Master Gostwyck,” or Gostwick, of Willington in Bedfordshire, was one of the commissioners employed by king Hen. VIII. to rate all ecclesiastical preferments. He seems to have been otherwise patronised by that monarch, if his ability to purchase estates be taken as any indication of court favor: for Leland [1538] mentions him as purchasing the lordship of Willington, and “beside Willington V. or VI.
Lordshippes mo.” By the part he was instigated to take against Cranmer toward the latter end of the reign of Hen. VIII. he incurred the displeasure of the king, who threatened to make him a “poor Gostwick, and otherwise punish him.” Fuller, Ch. Hist. Vol. 2, p. 92. edit. 1837; Leland, Itinerary, Vol. l, pp. 92, 93; Strype, Mem. of Cran. pp. 176, et seq. Oxf. edit.
Ftj5 Mr Polsted’s name appears as one of the commissioners appointed to visit the religious houses. Letters connected with the Suppress. of Monasteries, p. 89; Strype, Eccl. Mem, 1. 1, 402, Oxf. edit.
Ftj6 Queen Anne Boleyn.
Ftj7 Nicholas Shaxton. He was distinguished in early life for his zeal and sufferings for the doctrines of the reformation; was elected Bishop of Sarum in 1535; and resigned that see at the same time that Latimer retired from the bishoprick of Worcester. After enduring imprisonment and hardships, for opposing the Act of the Six Articles, Shaxton relapsed into popery, wrote in favor of it, and persecuted those who remained faithful to the Reformation. Strype, Eccles. Mem. 3. 1, 570, et seq. Godwin, de Praesul. p. 353, edit. Richardson.
Ftj8 John Hildesley or Hilsey. He was prior of the Dominicans in Bristol, and succeeded Fisher in the bishoprick of Rochester. He seems to have been a person of learning, sound judgment and piety; the friend, also, and coadjutor of Archbishop Cranmer in promoting the Reformation.
He is best known, perhaps, as one of the bishops employed in drawing up “The Institution of a Christian man”, and as the compiler of a Primer which was published during the reign of Henry VIII. Strype, Mem. of Cranm. p. 53, et seq.; Wood, Athen. Oxon. 1. 112, edit. Bliss; Primers put forth in reign of Hen. VIII. Pref. 54.
Ftj9 William Benson or Boston, abbot of Westminster, who, with seventeen of the monks, surrendered that abbey into the hands of Henry VIII. Jan. 1539, and was created first Dean of Westminster. By an agreement entered into between Henry VII. and the abbot and convent of Westminster, it was provided that the abbot for the time being should cause a sermon to be preached in his church on “every Good Friday, Monday in Easter week, the Feast of our Lady, and every sunday in the year,” except certain sundays which are specified in the agreement above mentioned. Le Neve, Fasti. p. 363; Newcourt, Repertorium, Vol. 1, pp. 711, et seq.; Rymer, Feed. Vol. 14, p. 459.
Ftj10 Archbishop Cranmer.
Ftj11 As Latimer was not Bishop of Worcester in Jan. 1535, and Cromwell was a peer before Jan. 1537, this letter must have been written after the Epiphany, 1536.
Ftj12 William Moore, or More, who resigned his office, or was turned out of it, some time in the 27 Hen. VIII. Holbeach was elected prior in March 13,1536, and Moore is styled the “late prior” in a deed 28 Hen. VIII., by which the then prior and convent of Worcester covenant to allow him one of their manors, with plate, linen, and furniture; A monk also was assigned to wait on him and to say mass: he received also a present of 1000 marks, and had his debts paid. Browne Willis (Hist. of Abbies, Vol. 1, p. 311) asserts that Moore lived till the reign of Q. Elizabeth; which is hardly compatible with the notion of “extreme age” at the time Latimer wrote. But it is plain from this letter, that the prior was not personally known to Latimer. Wood says that Moore succeeded Thos. de Mildenham as prior in 1518, and “resigned upon a foresight of ruin.”
Nash, Hist. of Worcester. Vol. 1, p. 280; Letters on the Supp. of Monaster. p. 285; Wood, Fasti Oxon. Vol. 1, p. 46, edit. Bliss.
Ftj13 Dr Thomas Legh, a civilian, much employed by Hen. VIII. in the visitation of religious houses.
Ftj14 buggell, orig.
Ftj15 The person appointed to succeed Moore was Henry Holbeach, as above stated.
Ftj16 Strype guesses the date of this letter to be 1538, but as the writer was bishop of Worcester, and Cromwell (as appears by the indorsement) not yet a peer, the letter must have been written between October and July 1536. The MS. readings are from the Cotton MS. Cleopat.
E.V. fol. 363.
Ftj17 as I hear, MS.
Ftj18 Coots was probably one of the monks of Hales.
Ftj19 do report it, MS.
Ftj20 hath, MS.
Ftj21 pondered, MS.
Ftj22 seemeth, MS.
Ftj23 Sir Thomas More’s books against Tyndal and others.
Ftj24 some saith that he both thinketh and sayeth, etc. MS.
Ftj25 have, MS.
Ftj26 communed, MS.
Ftj27 wilily, MS.
Ftj28 The prophecy to which this letter refers is a mysterious kind of jargon in Latin verse, which will neither scan nor construe. In those times, when persons were made “offenders for a word,” prophecyings and visions were the more in vogue; until (33 Hen. VIII. c. 14,) it was found requisite to legislate on the subject. This letter is printed by Nichols, Hist. of Leicestershire, Vol. 3, p. 1065.
Ftj29 The inquiry respecting “letters of instruction,” etc. indicates that episcopal “visitations” had been decided upon. This would point to 1536 as the date of this letter, for the visitations took place in 1537. It is known also, that “Silvester Darius” was deprived, on the 11th Nov. 1536, of the rectory of Ripple in Worcestershire, the “benefice” to which Dr Bagard succeeded. Nash. Hist. of Worcestershire, Vol. 2, p. 299.
Ftj30 Silvester Dario was one of that army of Italian ecclesiastics who were quartered upon the church of England from time to time. Three Italians had successively held the see of Worcester.
Ftj31 Thomas Baggard, D.C.L., became Chancellor of Worcester in 1535.
He was an Oxford man, and one of the first canons of Cardinal’s college there. His name occurs as the successor of Dario in the rectory of Ripple, but the date of his institution to that benefice is not given. If the number and variety of the preferments which Dr Baggard consented to hold be taken as an index, his “scrupulosity” seems to have undergone some modification before he died. Wood, Fasti Oxon. Vol. 1, p. 80, edit. Bliss; Nash, Hist. of Worcesters. ubi supr.
Ftj32 Rodolph Bradford was educated at Eton, and was removed from thence to King’s college, Cambridge, in 1519, of which society he afterwards became Fellow. He took so earnest a part in furthering the doctrines of the Reformation, that letters were sent to the vicechancellor directing that Bradford should be apprehended for circulating Frith’s English testament. To avoid the persecution meditated against him, Bradford fled to Ireland, and there openly preached the gospel; but his pursuers followed him, apprehended him, and cast him into prison, where he lay for two years. On being set at liberty he returned to Cambridge, and became a member of Corpus Christi college. He proceeded to the degree of D.D. 1535, and, whilst resident in Cambridge, let no holy day pass without preaching a sermon. That Bradford was regarded as a person of note, may be concluded from his having been one of the divines who were commissioned to draw up “The Institution of a Christian Man,” which was published in 1537. Masters, Hist. of Corp. Christi Coll. pp. 244, et seq.; Strype, Eccl. Mem. 1. 1, pp. 486, et seq. Oxford edit.
Ftj33 George Day was admitted master of St John’s college, 27 July, 1537.
He was afterwards Provost of King’s college, and Bishop of Chichester. His subsequent career did not bespeak him to be a person of any steadiness of character; for after having made a profession of the doctrines of the Reformation, he became a violent persecutor of the reformers. Strype, Mem. of Cranm. pp. 331, et seq. Oxf. edit, Le Neve, Fasti, p. 333; Godwin, de Praesul, p. 512, edit. Richardson.
Ftj34 John Crayford was originally of Queens’ college, Cambridge, but being from thence ejected, he removed to Oxford, where he was elected Fellow of University college, in 1519. Afterwards, leaving Oxford, he was appointed one of the proctors in Cambridge from 1520 to 1522; but in 1525, he returned to Oxford, having been made one of the canons of Cardinal’s college. For the third time he returned to Cambridge, and was elected master of Clare Hall, 1530. He was vicechancellor in 1535 and 1536, afterwards archdeacon of Berkshire, prebendary of Salisbury, and died master of University college, Oxford.
Wood, Fasti Oxon. 1, p. 124, edit. Bliss. Parker, Academ. Hist. Cant. p. 52, edit. Drake.
Ftj35 Rowland Swynbourne, or Swynburn, did succeed Dr Crayford in the mastership of Clare Hall, in 1539. He was “expulsed” from his office by King Edward VI., an. 1549, but was afterwards restored to the mastership in 1553, by the mandate of Bp. Gardiner, the chancellor of England and of the university. Le Neve, Fasti, p. 422; Strype, Life of Park. 1, pp. 59, et seq: Eccl. Mem. 3. 1, p. 80; Lamb, Collect. of Documents, etc. p. 113.
Ftj36 Dr Edward Lee.
Ftj37 The well-known Dr Robert Barnes, whose story is related by Foxe, Acts and Mon. Vol. 2, p. 435, edit. 1684.
Ftj38 Most probably one of those secret missives from Rome which had been received by some of Latimer’s predecessors in the see of Worcester.
Thus respecting the prior of Wych, Richd., suffragan of Dover, writes to Cromwell: “in his cofer I fowne xj bulles of the bischopis of Rome.”
Letters on the Suppression of the Monasteries, p. 195.
Ftj39 A letter from Cranmer to Cromwell of precisely similar purport fixes the “Saturday” mentioned here by Latimer to have been July 21, 1537.
The “book” alluded to is, The Godly and Pious Institution of a Christian Man , printed by Berthelet the king’s printer, 1537. See an interesting note by Jenkyns, Remains of Cranmer, Vol. l, pp. 187, et seq.
Ftj40 Edward Fox: whose letter to Cromwell (State Papers , Vol. 1, pp. 555, et seq.) throws further light on this of Latimer. Dr Fox was almoner to King Hen. VIII., and much employed by the sovereign in foreign embassages. Among other services of this nature may be mentioned his embassy to the protestant princes at Smalcald in 1535. Godwin, de Praesul. p. 494, edit. Richardson. Strype, Eccl. Mem. 1. 1, 348, et seq.
Tanner, Biblioth. Brit. p. 294.
Ftj41 Cranmer, also, mentions the prevalence of a fatal sickness at that time in the metropolis and neighborhood.
Ftj42 Stephen Whalley, the last abbot of Hales, or Hayles, in Gloucestershire. He surrendered his monastery to the crown,24 Dec. 1539. Stevens, Hist. of Ancient Abbeys, etc. Vol. 2, p. 56.
Ftj43 The printer of the first Concordance to the English New Testament, 1534.
Ftj44 Dr Edward Crome. See above, p. 350.
Ftj45 The reference to “Clare Hall’ and “St John’s College,” Cambridge, would seem to assign this letter to 1537.
Ftj46 Either sir Thomas Lucy of Charlcote, Warwickshire, or one of that family.
Ftj47 Probably Hampton-upon-Avon, or Bishop’s Hampton, not far from the residence of Mr Lucy.
Ftj48 Dr Edward Fox, the bishop of that see. It ought, however, to be stated that in the original it is “Herforde,” which if taken to be “Hertford,” the date of this letter must be 1538, for there was no “lord of Hertford” in Sept. 1537. Nicolas, Synopsis of Peerage, Vol. l, p. 320.
Ftj49 The original has “vice-chancellor,” but that is a clerical error. Lord Cromwell succeeded bishop Fisher as chancellor of the university of Cambridge.
Ftj50 Mr Wm. Clopton of Clopton, not far from Stratford on Avon. He was one of the royal commissioners for ascertaining the value of the free chapel of Fulbrooke, in co. of Warwick, and seems to have been a rigid papist. Dugdale, Hist. of Warwicks. pp. 698, et seq. 2nd edit. Valor Eccles. Vol. 3, p. 67.
Ftj51 In Worcestershire, where was a Benedictine monastery. Willis, Hist. of Abbies, Vol. 2, p. 260.
Ftj52 Anthony Barker, warden of the collegiate church of Stratford on Avon; which office this letter shews he obtained by the resignation of Doctor John Bell, and at the recommendation of Cromwell: that the “poor college was not bounden for the pension,” appears from the circumstance, that at the suppression of this college in 37 Hen. VIII., a pension of 22l . a year was still paid to Dr Bell out of Mr Barker’s own stipend. Anthony Barker seems to have been, at the time of his death, prebendary of Winchester, canon of Windsor, and vicar of East Ham.
Dugdale, Warwicks. p. 693, 2nd. edit. Strype, Eccl. Mem. 2. 2. 267.
Ftj53 Dr John Bell, afterwards the successor of Latimer in the see of Worcester. Godwin de Praesul. p. 469, edit. Richardson.
Ftj54 Printed in the State Papers, Vol. 1, p. 571.
Ftj55 Edward VI.
Ftj56 This letter is printed in Nichols, Hist. of Leicestershire, Vol. 3, p. 1066; and among the Letters connected with the suppression of the monasteries, pp. 147 et seq.
Ftj57 Probably father Richard Gorton, a Benedictine, who commenced B.D. at Oxford, Feb. 27, 1527, and D.D. in July 1539. A father John Clerke was admitted D.D. at the same time. Wood, Fasti, Vol. 1, pp. 77, 109, edit. Bliss.
Ftj58 Thomas Weford. As his successor, Thomas Camsele or Kampswell, had the temporalities of the monastery restored to him, March 21, 1538, the date of this letter is thus fixed. Stevens, Hist. of Ancient Abbies, etc. Vol. 1, p. 233; Rymer, Feeder. 14, p. 586.
Ftj59 Archbishop Cranmer, in a letter to lord Cromwell, writes: “I heartily require your lordship to be good lord unto Master Statham and Mistress Statham my lord of Worcester his nurse.” Rem. of Cranm. edit. Jenkyns, Vol. 1, p. 256.
Ftj60 See preceding Letter.
Ftj61 Most probably Simon Haynes, president of Queens’ College in Cambridge, canon of Windsor, and afterwards dean of Exeter. Wood, Fasti, Vol. 1, p. 71, edit. Bliss; Strype, Eccl. Mem. 1. 1, pp. 543 et seq.
Oxf.; Le Neve, Fasti, pp. 86, 382, 429.
Ftj62 Prior of Worcester. See above, p. 371.
Ftj63 Probably Mr Richard Acton, of Sutton Park, in the parish of Tenbury, Worcestershire; for that gentleman was married to a niece of Humphry Monmouth, an alderman of London, and a great friend of Latimer.
Strype, Eccl. Mem. 1. 1, p. 562, 2. p. 371, Oxf.; Nash, Hist. of Worcesters. 2, p. 418.
Ftj64 The brother of Michael Throgmorton, who was known to be “Master Pole’s” servant; and who having been gained over by the agents of Henry VIII. was employed as a spy upon the cardinal. These persons were sons of Sir Robert Throgmorton, of Coughton, Warwickshire.
Dugdale, Warwicks. pp. 750 et seq. 2nd edit.; Nicolas, Testam. Vetust. p. 561; Herbert, Life of Hen. VIII. pp. 488 et seq.
Ftj65 Second son of Mr Richard Acton, above-mentioned, afterwards Sir Robert Acton, of Elmley Lovet, Worcestershire. Nash, Hist. of Worcesters. Vol. 1, p. 378.
Ftj66 The “Coventry matter” being mentioned as still unsettled points to 1537 as the date of this letter.
Ftj67 A famous monastery of Benedictine monks, in Worcestershire. The monastery was surrendered to the crown in November, 1539. Stevens, Hist. of Ancient Abbies, etc. Vol. 1, pp. 459 et seq.
Ftj68 The name of Butler occurs among those of the “gentlemen of worth,” then residing in Droitwich. Nash, Hist. of Worcesters. Vol. 1, p. 303.
Ftj69 “The Pilgrimage of Grace,” so culled. See Vol. 1, pp. 25, 29.
Ftj70 A letter from archbishop Cranmer to lord Cromwell, dated April 6, 1538, intimates that it had just then been resolved upon “to proceed against Forest according to the order of the law;” and this letter shews that the friar was under sentence of death at the time it was written.
These circumstances fix the date of the Letter. Respecting Forest himself, a panegyrical account of him is given by Bouchier and by Wood, which is copied by the compiler (Pulton) of the Antiquities of the English Franciscans. But Burner gives reasons for regarding friar Forest as but an indifferent kind of person, both as respects learning and morals. It is probable, however, that the denial of the royal supremacy by Forest would have been sufficient to have secured his execution, even if he had been that paragon of excellence which his partisans would make him out to have been. Cranmer, Remains, 1. 239, edit. by Jenkyns; Bouchier, De Martyrio Fratr. Ordin. Minor. etc. pp. 24 et seq.; Wood, Athen. Oxon. 1. 107 et seq.; Burner, Hist. Refor.
Vol. 1, p. 647, Oxf. 1816; Antiq. of Engl. Francis. pp. 241 et seq.
Ftj71 At his commyng to the place of execution, there was prepared a pulpit, where a right reverend father in God, and a renowned and famous clerk, the bishop of Worcester, called Hugh Latimer, declared to him his errors, and openly and manifestly by the scripture of God confuted them, and with many and godly exhortacions moved him to repentance.” Hall, Chronicle, p. 826, edited by Ellis.
Ftj72 Holinshed observes that Forest, “upon his submission, having more liberty than before he had to talk with whom he would, and others having liberty to talk with him, he was incensed by some such as had conference with him, that when his formal abjuration was sent to him to read and peruse he utterly refused it, and obstinately stood in all his heresies and treasons.” 3, p. 945.
Ftj73 The White Friars of Doncaster were divided in their opinions, some favoring the reformation, and some opposing the measures of Henry VIII. Cooke, the last prior of this house, was suspected of being concerned in the Pilgrimage of Grace. He and six of the friars surrendered the monastery, on the 13th Nov. 1538, but Cooke was afterwards executed at Tyburn. Burnet, Hist. of Refor. Vol. 1, part 2, p. 226, Oxf. 1816; Hunter, Hist. of South Yorks. Vol. 1, pp. 17 et seq.
Ftj74 The names of ten Carthusians, who were at that time imprisoned in Newgate, are given by Chauncey, Innocentia et Constantia, Victrix, p. 98, Wirceb. 1608.
Ftj75 Possibly referring to the interest Cromwell took in providing for a school at Gloucester. Or it may be to the act, 27 Hen. VIII., which had been passed for rebuilding part of the city of Gloucester, and which had a good effect on the prosperity of the city. Rudder, Hist. of Gloucest. p. 83.
Ftj76 The suit of which this letter states Mr Nevell made “himself sure” and so “got the widow,” was for the lands etc. formerly belonging to the Friary of St Augustine, in Droitwich. This we learn from a letter dated May 23, 1538, (Sir John Russell being mentioned in it as the sheriff of Worcestershire,) and which speaks of Mr Nevell’s intended marriage, in case he obtained his suit. The mentioning also of “our great Sibyll” and her “old sister of Walsingham,” indicates that those images had not yet been disposed of; though they, with others, were burnt at Chelsea, in the autumn of 1538. The “demesnes of Bordslay” too were evidently on the point of passing out of the hands of their old possessors, an event which occurred in July 1538. Letters on the Suppr. of the Monasteries, pp. 194. et seq.; Holinshed, 3, p. 945; Rymer, 14, p. 608; Nash, Hist. of Worcesters. 2, pp. 406 et seq.
Ftj77 Probably Thomas Evance, one of the royal commissioners for valuing the first-fruits in that part of the diocese of Hereford, which belonged to Worcestershire. The demesne of Bordesley was not granted to him, but to Andrew, lord Windsor. Valor Eccles. 3, p. 277; Nash, Hist. of Worcesters. ubi supr.; Tanner, Notitia, p. 622.
Ftj78 The following extract from the letter above-mentioned, from Richard, suffragan of Dover, to Cromwell, will explain the allusion to Mr Nevell’s success with “the widow:” “Toucheing Wheych . . . their be iij labur for yt, that ys sir John Russell schreyve of Wisitorschere, he ys cum to London to sewe for yt., Mr Pye; and Mr Nevell, servant with my lorde of Wisitor, ffor whom at the desyar of my lorde of Wisitor I spake to your lordscipe, for and excepte he have yt I thinke he schall lese a mariage of xl markys by yere.” It would seem however, that Mr Nevell did not “lese” the marriage; albeit he lost the suit, as the next letter but one shews.
Ftj79 The image of our “lady of Worcester,” which, when stripped, turned out to be the statue of some bishop. Herbert’s Life of Hen. VIII., p. 496.
Ftj80 See Vol. 1.
Ftj81 A marvelous story respecting the virtue derived from a pilgrimage to this image is related by Sir Thomas More, Works, p. 137.
Ftj82 Penrice is a village in Glamorganshire, not far from Swansea. Leland speaks of “Penrise village where the pilgrimage was.” Itinerary, Vol. 4,.p. 23.
Ftj83 The bill here mentioned accompanies the original letter. It is dated on the 13th of June, in the 30th year of the reign of king Henry VIII. [1538], and is in the names of John Carbanell, dean, John Fysher, canon, and David Vaughan, canon, complaining of Mr Wetwood for doing many acts contrary to their statutes, and in breaking the lord bishop’s injunctions.
Ftj84 The collegiate church of St Mary. Henry de Newburgh, first earl of Warwick, projected the design of making this church collegiate; but he dying, his intention was carried into effect by his son Roger, the second earl, who finished the church in 1123, and established in it a dean and secular canons. At the time of the dissolution of it, there were a dean, five canons, ten priest vicars, and six choristers, who, at the survey in 26 Hen. VIII. had possessions of the yearly value of Ł334. 2s . 3d .
These were all granted, 37 Hen. VIII., by the crown to the burgesses of Warwick. Dugdale, Hist. of Warw. pp. 428 et seq. 2nd edit.
Ftj85 One of the canons of the collegiate church of St Mary, at Warwick, Dugdale, p. 433.
Ftj86 Ter. Andr. 1. 2, 14.
Ftj87 The lands belonging to the friary of St Augustine at Droitwich, were granted to Mr John Pye. Tanner’s Notitia, p. 626.
Ftj88 Sir William Compton had been sheriff of Worcestershire for 19 years successively up to the 27 Hen. VIII. Nash, Hist. of Worcestershire, Vol. 1, p. 18.
Ftj89 See Letter 11, p. 381.
Ftj90 As mention is made of the sale of the “best mitre, the best cross,” etc. it is probable that the person here (somewhat uncourteously) alluded to, was Clement Lichfield, or Lychfield, the last abbot but one of Evesham, which was a mitred abbey. He refused to surrender his abbey to the crown, but was at length induced to resign his office some time before Oct. 1538. The abbots of this house were continually disputing with the bishops of Worcester, for the time being, respecting questions of privilege and jurisdiction. Wood, Fasti, Vol. 1, p. 6, edit. Bliss; Nash, Hist. of Worcests. pp. 400 et seq.
Ftj91 Chevantia , a loan or advance of money upon credit.
Ftj92 The letter is from Richard Ingworth, suffragan of Dover, giving an account of his proceedings in visiting monasteries, and expressing some anxiety at not having heard from lord Cromwell, whether his proceedings gave satisfaction or not.
Ftj93 One of those persons who used to carry about the country papal indulgences for sale. See Prologue to Chaucer’s Pardoner’s Tale.
Ftj94 The Hermitage at Redstone Ferry, in the parish of Ashley. Nash, Hist. of Worcesters. Vol. 1, p. 40.
Ftj95 See Letter 32, p. 396.
Ftj96 The assertion “their Lady . . . is gone” decides that this letter was written after the removal of the image of “our Lady of Worcester,” in September, 1538; and as Latimer ceased to be bishop of that see in July, 1539, the date of the letter is ascertained. The image of “their Lady” at Worcester was in great repute, but on being disrobed, was found to be a tall statue of some bishop. Hall, Chronicle, p. 826, edit. by Ellis; Herbert, Life of Hen. VIII. p. 496.
Ftj97 See above, p. 393. An act was passed 32 Hen. VIII. c. 18, to rebuild Worcester.
Ftj98 A school was founded in 1542, by king Hen. VIII. for forty poor scholars.
Ftj99 The Guild of the Holy Trinity in Worcester. Nash, Hist. of Worcestershire, Vol. 2, Append. 138.
Ftj100 From this account of the bridge at Worcester, compared with Leland’s statement, that “The bridge is a royal piece of worke, high and stronge, and hath six great arches of stone” (Itinerary, p. 84), it may be presumed, that between the date of this letter and that of Leland’s visit to Worcester, a bridge of stone had been substituted for the woodenbridge which formerly existed over the Severn. Nash, Hist. of Worcesters. Vol. 2, Append. 115.
Ftj101 These two friaries were accordingly granted to the bailiff and citizens of Worcester, in the following year. Tanner, Notitia, pp. 626 et seq.
Lond. 1744.
Ftj102 Psalm 77:10, according to the Vulgate.
Ftj103 See Letter 26.
Ftj104 In August, 1538. This letter may, therefore, with great probability be assigned to the same year. Letter on the Suppres. of the Monast. p. 203.
Ftj105 See above, p. 401.
Ftj106 Nicholas de Burgo, an Italian by birth. He is mentioned as very forward in taking the part of Henry VIII, when the subject of that monarch’s divorce was in agitation at Oxford. Wood, Fasti Oxon. p. 62, edit. Bliss. Wordsworth, Eccl. Biogr. Vol. 2, p. 124. 3rd edit.
Ftj107 Philip Hawford or Ballard; see above, p. 389.
Ftj108 The popular belief respecting this relic is related by Latimer himself, (see above, p. 364), and his account accords with that usually given of the matter by the historians. This letter now supplies accurate information, respecting what the relic really was. The following is a copy (the orthography being modernized) of the official report made to lord Cromwell by the commissioners appointed to examine the relic: “Pleaseth your lordship to be advertised, that, according to the king’s grace’s commission to us directed, hearing date the fourth day of October, [1538] in the 30th year of his reign, we, Hugh, bishop of Worcester, Henry, prior of the monastery of Worcester, Stephen, abbot of the monastery of Hales, and Richard Tracy, esquire, the 28th day of October, in the year abovesaid, have repaired to the said monastery of Hales, and there, according to the tenor of the said commission, have viewed a certain supposed relic, called the blood of Hales, which was inclosed within a round berall, garnished and bound on every side with silver, which we caused to be opened in the presence of a great multitude of people. And the said supposed relic we caused to be taken out of the said berall, and have viewed the same, being within a little glass; and also tried the same according to our powers, wits, and discretions by all means. And by force of the view, and other trials thereof, we think, deem, and judge the substance and matter of the said supposed relic to be an unctious gum colored; which, being in the glass, appeared to be a glistering red, resembling partly the color of blood. And after we did take out part of the said substance and matter out of the glass, then it was apparent glistering yellow color, like amber, or base gold, and doth cleave to as gum or bird-lime. Which matter, and reigned relic, with the glass containing the same, we the said commissioners, have inclosed in red wax, and consigned it with our seals. And also, we have locked it in a coffer [*with two locks] remaining by deed indented, with the said abbot of Hales. The key whereof [*the one] is committed to the custody of [*said Abbot, and the other] to the said Richard Tracy. Wherefore we desire your lordship, that we may know further the king’s gracious pleasure herein to be done, which we, according to our most bounden duty, shall accomplish, with all our endeavor and diligence.”
Now, inasmuch as Hilsey, bishop of Rochester, preached at Paul’s Cross on the 24th Nov. 1538, and there publicly exhibited the blood of Hales, “affirming the same to be no blood, but honey clarified, and colored with saffron,” it is difficult to understand how William Thomas, lord Herbert, Burnet, and many others after them, should have asserted that the “blood of Hales” was found on examination to be nothing but “the blood of a duck, which was renewed every week.” Nor does there seem to be any ground for the usual description given of the glass in which the relic was contained; viz., that it was a “crystal vessel which was very thick on one side, but thin and transparent on the other,” so that the opaque side might be kept toward the unshriven and stingy votary, and the transparent side presented to him when the amount of his offerings induced the monks of Hales to let him have a sight of the relic. Hearne, Benedicti, etc. Abbatis, Tom. 2, pp. 75, et seq.; Holinshed, 3, p. 946; Pegge, Life of Grosseteste, p. 161, note. *Obliterated in the original.
Ftj109 A chapel connected with the manor of Hales. Among the goods belonging to St Kenelm, in the year 1503, were “a lytyll shryne with odor relique therein. A hede of seynt Kenelme sylver and gyld.” Nash, Hist. of Worcesters. Vol. 1, p. 520. Append. pp. 10 et seq.
Ftj110 Elizabeth Rede. Valor Eccles. Vol. 1, p. 106.
Ftj111 This letter is printed by Nichols, Hist. of Leicestershire, Vol. 3, p. 1065, and partly by Strype, Eccl. Mem. 1. 1, p. 562, Oxf. edit.
Ftj112 right, Nichols.
Ftj113 Richard Whitborne, or Bedyll, the last prior of that house. Willis, Hist. of Abbies, Vol. 2, p. 260. Nash. Hist. of Worcesters. Vol. 2, p. 124.
Ftj114 The priory of Malvern was subject to the jurisdiction of the abbots of Westminster, by a compact dated as far back as the reign of king Edward I. Nash, ubi sup .
Ftj115 every, Nichols.
Ftj116 Constable, or lieutenant of the Tower.
Ftj117 Henry Holbeach, last prior of Worcester, was consecrated suffragan to the bishop of Worcester (by the title of bishop of Bristol) at Lambeth, March 24, 1538. The date of this letter must therefore be assigned to that year, because Latimer ceased to be bishop of Worcester before Christmas, 1539. Willis, Hist. of Abbies, Vol. 1, p. 311; Strype, Mem. of Cranm. p. 90, Oxf.
Ftj119 The Court of Arches, which is a court of appeal, among other things.
Ftj120 The sheriff of Worcestershire, of whom it might about that time be most correctly said that “he dwelleth within four miles of Feckenham,” was Sir Gilbert Talbot, of Grafton Park, in Bromsgrove. But then he was not sheriff until 31 Hen. VIII. or Nov. 1539. Nash, Hist. of Worcesters. Vol. 1, p. 18.
Ftj121 The forest of Feckenham, Worcestershire, was then a royal demesne.
Nash, Hist. Worcesters. Vol. 1, pp. 439 et seq.
Ftj122 This letter is indorsed “A° xxx°.” intimating seemingly that it was written in the 30th year of Hen. VIII. The circumstance, too, that the “demesnes” belonging to the abbot and convent of Winchcombe were still under the control of that body, when the letter was written, would agree with the date mentioned.
Ftj123 Most probably Sir Anthony Wingfield, captain of the king’s guard, with whose family Latimer was acquainted. Holinshed, 3, p. 949.
Ftj124 Henry Tracy, of Todington, in co. of Gloucester, who held lands on lease under the convent of Winchcombe. Rudder, Hist. of Gloucester, p. 828; Stevens, Hist. of Ancient Abbies, etc. 1, pp. 275 et seq.
Ftj125 Sutton in Tenbury, the seat of the family of Acton.
Ftj126 More frequently compertes , things found out by means of judicial inquiry. See Letters on the Suppr. of Monaster, pp. 50, 66, 85.
Ftj127 Base practices. See Wordsworth, Eccl. Biogr. Vol. 2, p. 235. 3rd Edit.
Ftj128 The date of this obscure letter is probably April 1539, at which time lord Cromwell was ill of a tertian ague. See his letter to Henry VIII.
State Papers, Vol. 1, p. 613. Note by Mr Lemon .
Ftj129 Probably Stroudend, in Painswick, Gloucestershire, where lord Cromwell had the manor. Rudder, Hist. of Gloucestersh. p. 595.
Ftj130 The school here referred to is the free grammar school of St Mary de Crypt, in the city of Gloucester. The lady Cooke here mentioned purchased of the Crown (31 Hen. VIII.) lands that formerly belonged to the abbey of Gloucester, as well as some that belonged to Llanthony, and endowed the school in compliance with the will of her late husband, John Cooke, alderman of Gloucester. She is said, in an old book, “to have taken the ring and mantle after her husband’s death, and therefore became a lady.” The probable date of this letter is the spring of 1539. Rudder, Hist. of Gloucestersh. pp. 440, 490; Carlisle, Endowed Gram. Schools, Vol. 1, p. 452.
Ftj131 See Stevens, Hist. of Ancient Abbies, etc. Vol. 2, p. 130.
Ftj132 Possibly Thomas Garret, or. Gerrard, who was martyred in Smithfield with Dr Barnes, in 154l. Foxe, Acts and Mon. 2, pp. 438 et seq. Edit. 1684; Wood, Fasti Oxon. 1, p. 45, Edit. Bliss.
Ftj133 This letter having been written from Baxterly, it may be presumed that the writer was then living in the house of Mr John Glover; but that house was not built until the reign of king Edward VI. As, moreover, “Sergeant Hales” is named in the letter, it may be concluded that the date of it is 1547 or 1548; for the “Sergeant” became “Justice” Hales on the 20th May, 1549. Dugdale, Hist. of Warwicks. p. 1054, 2nd edit.: Origines Juridic. Chronic. Series, pp. 87, et seq. 3rd edit. 1680.
Ftj134 A fruitful letter of Master Latimer to a certain gentleman. Foxe.
Ftj135 well have I, 1563.
Ftj136 The translations of the Latin quotations were for the most part given in the margin of 1563.
Ftj137 rattle me up, 1563.
Ftj138 supper-dealing, 1684.
Ftj139 M.. 1563.
Ftj140 As may well appear by his letter sent to the king before. Foxe.
Ftj141 say, 1563.
Ftj142 what, 1563.
Ftj143 doth, 1563.
Ftj144 hath, 1563.
Ftj145 abusing of, 1563.
Ftj146 the other, 1563.
Ftj147 Brother ought not to bear with brother, to bear down right and truth, especially being a justice. Foxe.
Ftj148 Cokin, 1563. Probably Sir Thomas Cokain, of Pooley, in the parish of Polesworth, Warwickshire. Dugdale, Hist. of Warwicksh. pp. 1120 et seq. 2nd edit.
Ftj149 Were not here good sort of justice, trow you? Foxe.
Ftj150 all such, 1563.
Ftj151 justicier, 1563.
Ftj152 little flock, 1563.
Ftj153 parttaking, 1563.
Ftj154 well seem, 1563.
Ftj155 quisque , 1563.
Ftj156 neither, 1563.
Ftj157 where, “I shall find him,” you say, as, 1563.
Ftj158 he is, 1563.
Ftj159 any one poor, 1563.
Ftj160 travell, 1563.
Ftj161 either, 1563.
Ftj162 Inserted from 1563. “Master Goodrick,” doubtless, Richard Goodrich, an eminent lawyer, who was many times in commission under king Edw. VI. and queen Elizabeth. “Master Gosnal,” most probably John Gosnol, who was solicitorgeneral 1552, and who exerted himself in favor of John Rogers, when that martyr was unjustly imprisoned in the reign of queen Mary. “Sergeant Hales,” the same person who is mentioned by archbishop Cranmer as one of his “counsel,” and whose “lamentabla history” is related at large by Foxe.
Dugdale, Origin. Juridic. nbi supr. Foxe, Acts and Mon. 3, p. 101, 152, et seq. edit. 1684. Jenkyns, Remains of Cranmer, 1. 280.
Ftj163 Old Father Latimer to one in prison for the profession of the Gospel; giving his judgment whether it be lawful to buy off the cross. Strype.
Ftj164 The readings given in the margin are those of a MS. in the library of Emmanuel College, Cambridge.
Ftj165 is, I perceive, come.
Ftj166 wherein.
Ftj167 now shortly.
Ftj168 gospel.
Ftj169 sun.
Ftj170 The paragraph, “For he that hath . . . . . with his own” does not occur in the Emm. MS.
Ftj171 my beloved in the Lord, as I am persuaded of you, that ye be indeed God’s good ground, which groweth and will grow on still, by God’s grace, bringing forth fruit to God’s glory.
Ftj172 “nor the . . . . foul,” not in Emm. MS.
Ftj173 signify unto you, and heartily pray you, every one of you, accordingly to go on forward.
Ftj174 do.
Ftj175 sure and certain.
Ftj176 journey.
Ftj177 storms which you now feel.
Ftj178 Prelates, if ye often set it before your eyes, after St Paul’s counsel in the latter end of the fourth and beginning of the fifth of the second epistle to the Corinthians. Read it, I pray you, and remember it often as.
Ftj179 “where he saith . . . . to persecution,” not in Emm. MS.
Ftj180 that though.
Ftj181 weather be foul and storms grow on apace, yet go not ye alone, but many.
Ftj182 should.
Ftj183 do not you stick to go forward still.
Ftj184 have their portion in.
Ftj185 so approach.
Ftj186 Strype reads “he,” but to the manifest injury of the sense.
Ftj187 sparred up before ye come, that.
Ftj188 shall lodge without in wonderful.
Ftj189 I mean . . . . not out,” not in Emm. MS.
Ftj190 beginning at Abel, and come from him down, and so.
Ftj191 David, Samuel, and.
Ftj192 if any of them found any fairer weather than you now find.
Ftj193 Old Testament.
Ftj194 John Baptist and every one.
Ftj195 search.
Ftj196 shall.
Ftj197 ye shall see the same giving cheerfully.
Ftj198 that there.
Ftj199 lost their homes here.
Ftj200 other manner of homes than man’s mind is able to conceive.
Ftj201 all these.
Ftj202 now to.
Ftj203 as you have in your poorest.
Ftj204 of.
Ftj205 God, if you had.
Ftj206 you now find, etc.
Ftj207 yet the same master and captain, Jesus Christ.
Ftj209 no fairer way than yours, but much fouler.
Ftj210 and consider.
Ftj211 He.
Ftj212 foot and step of his journey was no better, but much worse than yours now is.
Ftj213 For he . . . . them all,” not in Emm. MS.
Ftj214 dearly beloved in the Lord.
Ftj215 fair weather, I trow, and fair way also; now because.
Ftj216 have made, our loving Lord and sweet Father.
Ftj217 should.
Ftj218 run on our.
Ftj219 sparred up.
Ftj220 The devil now standeth in every inn-door of this his city and country of this world, crying unto us for to have us to tarry or lodge in this place till.
Ftj221 overpass us.
Ftj222 for you may . . . . evil,” not in Emm. MS.
Ftj223 upon others that stand.
Ftj224 that come after.
Ftj225 goal.
Ftj226 before.
Ftj227 onward.
Ftj228 by the path of persecution with us.
Ftj229 overtake them, and upon them that run after us, that we may provoke them to come.
Ftj230 stand by.
Ftj231 I trow.
Ftj232 your.
Ftj233 you.
Ftj234 joyfully carry his cross, contemning the shame thereof.
Ftj235 “all power . . . . him,” not in Emm. MS.
Ftj236 undoubtedly.
Ftj237 But surely if we deny Him, he will.
Ftj238 in.
Ftj239 before the angels of God in heaven.
Ftj241 “and that . . . . sacrilege,” not in Emm. MS.
Ftj242 “which is none of . . . . his own,” not in Emm. MS.
Ftj243 honor it.
Ftj244 “this pernicious . . . . Redeemer,” not in Emm. MS.
Ftj245 dissembling.
Ftj247 “Oh! vain . . . . conscience,” not in Emm. MS.
Ftj248 Better it had been for such men if they never had known the truth, than thus wittingly, for favor or fear of men, (who breath is in their nostrils).
Ftj249 “and his sacrifice . . . . of God,” not in Emm. MS.
Ftj250 Such men had need to heed of the terrible place of St Paul to the Hebrews, in the sixth chapter. Avoid them, lest ye fall into the danger of them. And let men beware.
Ftj251 as some (I fear me) that.
Ftj252 neither bemark not as.
Ftj253 seats.
Ftj254 they rather do.
Ftj255 should they.
Ftj256 parts.
Ftj257 eye-salve.
Ftj258 O that they would read what Saint John saith shall be done to the unfaithful! The counsel given.
Ftj259 But yet [to] come again, dearly beloved. Be not ashamed of God’s gospel; it is.
Ftj260 to all them.
Ftj261 Be ye.
Ftj262 able, knowing for certain that he will not tempt you further than he will make you able to bear.
Ftj263 it.
Ftj264 if it so come.
Ftj265 Read the second of the first to the Corinthians. And as.
Ftj266 fairer and finer.
Ftj267 by.
Ftj268 all these make.
Ftj269 the Lords.
Ftj270 clothes: them.
Ftj271 black cross help.
Ftj273 the Lord your.
Ftj274 if God hath appointed it, howsoever it be.
Ftj275 drink of it willingly therefore, when it.
Ftj276 ye, you.
Ftj277 righteous.
Ftj278 then know ye that it is for your wealth.
Ftj279 God thereby will.
Ftj280 that both here and elsewhere you make be like unto him.
Acknowledge your.
Ftj282 and let us pray to God that he of his mercy would vouchsafe.
Ftj283 hath given.
Ftj284 awoke.
Ftj285 trumpet.
Ftj286 unto us. Amen.
Ftj287 A letter sent to Mistress Wilkinson, of Soper Lane, London, (widow), she being at the manor of English in Oxfordshire, from master Hugh Latimer, out of Bocardo, in Oxford, where he was a prisoner for the testimony of Christ, An. 1555. Edit. 1563.
Ftj288 cold water, 1563.
APPENDIX ftk1 Juv. 2:3. ftk2 Vid. Vol. 1. p. 33. ftk3 Vid. supra, p. 218. ftk4 suis, 1563. ftk5 inquam, hujus, 1684. ftk6 virtutes praestiterint, 1684. ftk7 et, nonne, 1563. ftk8 satisfit, 1563. ftk9 neque neutra, 1563. ftk10 adulterarii, 1684. ftk11 frequentibus, quamlibet sinceris, 1684. ftk12 Vid. p. 250, seqq. ftk13 “of “ interpolated by a later hand.
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