SEV Biblia, Chapter 5:12
Teniendo ya condenacin, por haber falseado su primera fe.
Clarke's Bible Commentary - 1 Timothy 5:12
Verse 12. Having damnation] In the sense in which we use this word I am satisfied the apostle never intended it. It is likely that he refers here to some promise or engagement which they made when taken on the list already mentioned, and now they have the guilt of having violated that promise; this is the krima, or condemnation, of which the apostle speaks. They have cast off their first faith.] By pledging their fidelity to a husband they have cast off their fidelity to Christ, as a married life and their previous engagement are incompatible. Dr. Macknight translates these two verses thus: But the younger widows reject, for when they cannot endure Christ's rein, they will marry; incurring condemnation, because they have put away their first fidelity.
John Gill's Bible Commentary
Ver. 12. Having damnation, etc. ] Not for their second marriage, but for their wantonness against Christ, or their sinful and luxurious way of living, contrary to the Gospel of Christ: and this is to be understood not of eternal damnation, which cannot, with propriety, be said to be had now; but either of the reproach and scandal cast upon them, and religion, for their wantonness; or the judgment and censure of the church for the same; or having sin, and the guilt of sin upon them, in which sense the word is used, ( Romans 5:16). Because they have cast off their first faith ; or that faith which they first professed, even the doctrine of faith; which they may be said to cast off, because they walked not according to it, their conversation was not becoming their profession of it; and though they continued to profess the same faith they did in words, yet in works they denied it, or cast it off; for which reason they fell under the notice, judgment, and condemnation of the church, as well as exposed themselves to the reproach of men.
Matthew Henry Commentary
Verses 9-16 - Every one brought into any office in the church, should be free from just censure; and many are proper objects of charity, yet ought not to be employed in public services. Those who would find mercy when the are in distress, must show mercy when they are in prosperity; and thos who show most readiness for every good work, are most likely to be faithful in whatever is trusted to them. Those who are idle, very seldom are only idle, they make mischief among neighbours, and so discord among brethren. All believers are required to relieve thos belonging to their families who are destitute, that the church may no be prevented from relieving such as are entirely destitute an friendless.
Greek Textus Receptus
εχουσαι 2192 5723 κριμα 2917 οτι 3754 την 3588 πρωτην 4413 πιστιν 4102 ηθετησαν 114 5656
Vincent's NT Word Studies
12. Having damnation (ecousai krima). The phrase only here. See on 1 Tim. iii. 6. Damnation is an unfortunate rendering in the light of the present common understanding of the word, as it is also in 1 Corinthians xi. 29. Better, judgment or condemnation, as Rom. iii. 8; xiii. 2. The meaning is that they carry about with them in their new, married life a condemnation, a continuous reproach. Comp. ch. iv. 2; Gal. v. 10. It should be said for the translators of 1611 that they used damnation in this sense of, judgment or condemnation, as is shown by the present participle having. In its earlier usage the word implied no allusion to a future punishment. Thus Chaucer
"For wel thou woost (knowest) thyselven verraily That thou and I be dampned to prisoun." Knight's T. 1175.
Wielif: "Nethir thou dredist God, that thou art in the same dampnacioun?" Luke xxiii. 40. Laud.: "Pope Alexander III. condemned Peter Lombard of heresy, and he lay under that damnation for thirty and six years." "A legacy by damnation" was one in which the testator imposed on his heir an obligation to give the legatee the thing bequeatheds and which afforded the legatee a personal claim against the heir.
They have cast off their first faith (thn prwthn pistin hqethsan). Aqetein is to set aside, do away with, reject or slight. See Mark vi. 26; Luke x. 16; Heb. x. 28. Often in LXX. Pistin is pledge: so frequently in Class. with give and receive. See, for instance, Plato, Phaedr. 256 D. In LXX, 3 Macc. iii. 10. The phrase pistin ajqetein N.T.o . o LXX. There are, however, a number of expressions closely akin to it, as Gal. iii. 15, diaqhkhn ajqetein to render a covenant void. In LXX with oath, 9 Chronicles xxxvi. 13. Psalm xiv. 4: He that sweareth to his neighbor kai oujk ajqetwn. Psalm lxxxviii. 34; cxxxi. 11; 1 Macc. vi. 62. The meaning here is, having broken their first pledge; and this may refer to a pledge to devote themselves, after they became widows, to the service of Christ and the church. The whole matter is obscure.
Robertson's NT Word Studies
5:12 {Condemnation} (krima). See #3:6. {They have rejected} (eqetesan). First aorist passive of aqetew, late verb (first in LXX and Polybius), to reject, set aside (from athetos). See #1Th 4:8; Ga 2:21. {Their first faith} (ten prwten pistin). "Their first pledge" (promise, contract) to Christ. It is like breaking the marriage contract. Evidently one of the pledges on joining the order of widows was not to marry. Parry suggests a kind of ordination as with deacons and bishops (technical use of krima and pistis).
