SEV Biblia, Chapter 4:1
¶ Y Samuel habló a todo Israel. Por aquel tiempo salió Israel a encontrar en batalla a los filisteos, y asentó campamento junto a Eben-ezer (la piedra de la ayuda ), y los filisteos asentaron el suyo en Afec.
Clarke's Bible Commentary - 1 Samuel 4:1
Verse 1. The word of Samuel came to all Israel] This clause certainly belongs to the preceding chapter, and is so placed by the Vulgate, Septuagint, Syriac, and Arabic. Pitched beside Eben-ezer] This name was not given to this place till more than twenty years after this battle, see chap. vii. 12; for the monument called rz[h bah haeben haezer, the "Stone of Help," was erected by Sam. in the place which was afterwards from this circumstance, called Eben- ezer, when the Lord had given the Israelites a signal victory over the Philistines. It was situated in the tribe of Judah, between Mizpeh and Shen, and not far from the Aphek here mentioned. This is another proof that this book was compiled after the times and transactions which it records, and probably from memoranda which had been made by a contemporary writer.
John Gill's Bible Commentary
Ver. 1. And the word of Samuel came to all Israel , etc.] Or was “known”, as the Targum, the word of prophecy by him, which related to what befell Eli and his family; this was spread throughout the land, and everyone almost had knowledge of it, and which began to be fulfilled in the war between Israel and the Philistines, later related; or the doctrine, instructions, and exhortations of Samuel to the people of Israel, were by the means of others conveyed throughout the land; and yet they went into measures which proved fatal and ruinous to them; or the word of Samuel, which was from the Lord, came to Israel, to stir them up to go to war with the Philistines, whereby the punishment threatened to Eli’s family would begin to have its accomplishment: now Israel went out against the Philistines to battle ; according to the word of Samuel, or of the Lord by him; though Ben Gersom thinks they did this of themselves, which was their sin, and did not ask counsel of the Lord, nor of Samuel his prophet; but it seems as if the Philistines were the aggressors, and first came forth to war against them, and they went out to meet them f78 , as the word is, and defend themselves as it became them: this was forty years after the death of Samson, and at the end of Eli’s government, who judged Israel so many years, when they had recruited themselves, and recovered their losses they sustained by Samson; and when they perceived a new judge was raised up among the Israelites, who was likely to be of great service to them, and to prevent their authority over them, and therefore thought to begin with them as soon as possible: and pitched beside Ebenezer ; a place so called by anticipation, and had its name from an later victory obtained, when Samuel set up a stone between Mizpeh and Shen, and called it by this name, ( 1 Samuel 7:12), it signifies a stone of help: and the Philistines pitched in Aphek ; a city in the tribe of Judah, bordering on the Philistines, (see Gill on “ Joshua 12:18”).
Matthew Henry Commentary
Verses 1-9 - Israel is smitten before the Philistines. Sin, the accursed thing, wa in the camp, and gave their enemies all the advantage they could wis for. They own the hand of God in their trouble; but, instead of submitting, they speak angrily, as not aware of any just provocatio they had given him. The foolishness of man perverts his way, and the his heart frets against the Lord, Pr 19:3, and finds fault with him They supposed that they could oblige God to appear for them, by bringing the ark into their camp. Those who have gone back in the lif of religion, sometimes discover great fondness for the outwar observances of it, as if those would save them; and as if the ark God's throne, in the camp, would bring them to heaven, though the worl and the flesh are on the throne in the heart.
Original Hebrew
ויהי 1961 דבר 1697 שׁמואל 8050 לכל 3605 ישׂראל 3478 ויצא 3318 ישׂראל 3478 לקראת 7122 פלשׁתים 6430 למלחמה 4421 ויחנו 2583 על 5921 האבן העזר 72 ופלשׁתים 6430 חנו 2583 באפק׃ 663
