SEV Biblia, Chapter 1:22
el cual tambin nos sell, y nos dio la prenda del Espíritu en nuestros corazones.
Clarke's Bible Commentary - 2 Corinthians 1:22
Verse 22. Who hath also sealed us] Not only deeply impressed His truth and image upon our hearts; but, by the miraculous gifts of the Holy Spirit, attested the truth of our extraordinary unction or calling to the ministry. And given the earnest of the Spirit] ton arrabwna tou pneumatov.
From this unction and sealing we have a clear testimony in our souls, the Divine Spirit dwelling constantly in us, of our acceptance with God, and that our ways please him. The arrabwn of the apostle is the same as the br[ erabon of Moses, Genesis xxxviii. 17, 18, 20, which we there translate pledge. The word properly signifies an earnest of something promised; a part of the price agreed for between a buyer and seller, by giving and receiving of which the bargain was ratified; or a deposit, which was to be restored when the thing promised was given. From the use of the term in Genesis, which the apostle puts here in Greek letters, we may at once see his meaning above, and in Eph. i. 14; the Holy Spirit being an earnest in the heart, and an earnest of the promised inheritance means a security given in hand for the fulfillment of all God's promises relative to grace and eternal life. We may learn from this, that eternal life will be given in the great day to all who can produce the arrhabon, or pledge. He who is found then with the earnest of God's Spirit in his heart, shall not only be saved from death, but have that eternal life of which it is the pledge, the earnest, and the evidence. Without this arrhabon there can be no glory. See the whole case of Judah and Tamar, Gen. xxxviii. 13, &c., and the notes there.
John Gill's Bible Commentary
Ver. 22. Who hath also sealed us , etc..] Two things more are here attributed to God; first, the sealing of his people. The use of seals is various, as to denote property in things, to distinguish one thing from another, to show esteem and affection for persons or things, and for security and protection, and to hide and conceal; all which might be applied to sealing, as expressive of the grace of God to his people, in claiming a property in them, distinguishing them from the rest of the world, setting his affections on them, securing and protecting their persons, and hiding them under the shadow of his wings: but sometimes a seal is used to certify, make sure, or assure the truth of a thing; (see John 3:33 Corinthians 9:3 Jeremiah 33:10) in which sense the word sealing is used here, and intends that assurance which God gives his people of their interest in his love, and the covenant of grace; of their election of God, and redemption by Christ; of their interest in Christ, and union with him; of their justification by him, and adoption through him; of the truth of grace in their hearts, their perseverance in it, and sure and certain enjoyment of eternal glory. The persons thus sealed are not carnal and unconverted persons, only believers in Christ, and these, after they commence such; the seal by which they are sealed, is not any of the ordinances, as circumcision under the Old Testament, or baptism, or the Lord's supper under the New; for these are no seals, nor are they ever so called; but the Spirit of God himself, as the Holy Spirit of promise; for the same who, in the next clause, is called the earnest, is the seal; (see Ephesians 1:13). Secondly, the giving of the earnest of the Spirit: and given the earnest of the Spirit in our hearts : by the Spirit is meant, not the gifts and graces of the Spirit merely, but the Spirit of God and Christ himself; who was concerned in the creation of the world, in inditing the Scriptures, in forming and filling the human nature of Christ, and in his resurrection from the dead; he himself is given as an earnest: the word arrabwn , here used, and in ( 2 Corinthians 5:5 Ephesians 1:14) is the Hebrew word wbr[ , and comes from br[ , which signifies to become a surety, to give a pledge; and is used for a pledge in covenants and bargains, both in Scripture, (see Genesis 38:17,18,20), and in Jewish writings f4 ; which is given as an earnest, and in part of what it is a pledge of, and is never returned: the Spirit of God is an earnest or pledge of the heavenly inheritance, which is not only prepared for us, and promised to us, and Christ is in the possession of in our nature, in our room and stead, and as our representative; but the Spirit of God also is sent down into our hearts as a pledge of it; where he dwells as in his temple, supplies us with all grace, witnesses to us our sonship, and assures us of the heavenly glory: and as such he is given; and an unmerited free grace gift he is; for him to be given in this manner, and for such a purpose, is a wonderful display of the love of the Father, and of the Son, and is a surprising instance of his grace and condescension of the Spirit, and for which we should be abundantly thankful.
Matthew Henry Commentary
Verses 15-24 - The apostle clears himself from the charge of levity and inconstancy in not coming to Corinth. Good men should be careful to keep the reputation of sincerity and constancy; they should not resolve, but of careful thought; and they will not change unless for weighty reasons Nothing can render God's promises more certain: his giving them throug Christ, assures us they are his promises; as the wonders God wrought in the life, resurrection, and ascension of his Son, confirm faith. The Holy Spirit makes Christians firm in the faith of the gospel: the quickening of the Spirit is an earnest of everlasting life; and the comforts of the Spirit are an earnest of everlasting joy. The apostl desired to spare the blame he feared would be unavoidable, if he ha gone to Corinth before he learned what effect his former lette produced. Our strength and ability are owing to faith; and our comfor and joy must flow from faith. The holy tempers and gracious fruit which attend faith, secure from delusion in so important a matter __________________________________________________________________
Greek Textus Receptus
ο 3588 T-NSM και 2532 CONJ σφραγισαμενος 4972 5671 V-AMP-NSM ημας 2248 P-1AP και 2532 CONJ δους 1325 5631 V-2AAP-NSM τον 3588 T-ASM αρραβωνα 728 N-ASM του 3588 T-GSN πνευματος 4151 N-GSN εν 1722 PREP ταις 3588 T-DPF καρδιαις 2588 N-DPF ημων 2257 P-1GP
Vincent's NT Word Studies
22. Sealed (sfragisamenov). See on John iii. 33; Apoc. xxii. 10. Earnest (arrabwna). Only here, ch. v. 5, and Eph. i. 14. It means caution-money, deposited by a purchaser in pledge of full payment.Of the Spirit. Not the foretaste or pledge of the Spirit, but the Spirit Himself in pledge of the fulfillment of the promises. By a common Greek usage the words are in apposition: the earnest which is the Spirit.
Robertson's NT Word Studies
1:22 {Sealed us} (sfragisamenos hemas). From sfragizw old verb, common in LXX and papyri for setting a seal to prevent opening (#Da 6:17), in place of signature (#1Ki 21:18). Papyri examples show a wide legal use to give validity to documents, to guarantee genuineness of articles as sealing sacks and chests, etc. (Deissmann, _Bible Studies_, p. 238; Moulton and Milligan's _Vocabulary_). {The earnest of the Spirit} (ton arrabwna tou pneumatos). A word of Semitic origin (possibly Phoenician) and spelled both arab"n and arrabwn. It is common in the papyri as earnest money in a purchase for a cow or for a wife (a dowry). In N.T. only here; #5:5; Eph 1:14. It is part payment on the total obligation and we use the very expression today, "earnest money." It is God, says Paul, who has done all this for us and God is Paul's pledge that he is sincere. He will come to Corinth in due time. this earnest of the Spirit in our hearts is the witness of the Spirit that we are God's.
