SEV Biblia, Chapter 4:2
Que prediques la Palabra; que apresures a tiempo y fuera de tiempo; redarguye, reprende duramente ; exhorta con toda paciencia y doctrina.
Clarke's Bible Commentary - 2 Timothy 4:2
Verse 2. Preach the word] khruxon logon? Proclaim the doctrine, the doctrine of Christ crucified, for the sins of the whole world; the doctrine, that the Gentiles are invited to be fellow heirs with the Jews, and that for Jews and Gentiles there is no salvation but by faith in Christ. Be instant in season, out of season] episthqi eukairwv, akairwv. Be urgent whether the times be prosperous or adverse, whenever there is an opportunity; and when there is none, strive to make one. The Judge is at the door, and to every man eternity is at hand! Wherever thou meetest a sinner, speak to him the word of reconciliation. Do not be contented with stated times and accustomed places merely; all time and place belong to God, and are proper for his work. Wherever it can be done, there it should be done. Satan will omit neither time nor place where he can destroy. Omit thou none where thou mayest be the instrument of salvation to any.
Reprove] elegxon? Confute, the false teacher.
Rebuke] epitimhson? Reprove cuttingly and severely those who will not abandon their sins.
Exhort] parakaleson? Comfort the feeble-minded, the diffident and the tempted.
With all long-suffering] In reference to each and all of these cases.
And doctrine.] The different modes of teaching suited to each.
John Gill's Bible Commentary
Ver. 2. Preach the word , etc.] Either Christ the essential Word, who is the sum and substance of the Gospel ministry; or the word of truth and faith, the Gospel of salvation, the word of righteousness, peace, and reconciliation by Christ; which is to be preached, or published, in like manner as heralds proclaim the will of their princes; openly, publicly, and with a loud voice, without adding to it, or taking from speaking out the whole, and keeping back no part of it; and that with all courage and boldness: some copies read, the word of God; and the Ethiopic version, his word; that is, the word of Christ: be instant in season, out of season ; that is, be constant and assiduous in the work of the ministry; be always and wholly in it, either preparing for it, or performing it; or doing those things which are annexed to it, or follow upon it; redeem time, and take every opportunity of dispensing the mysteries of grace, as a faithful steward of them; not only make use of the common and stated seasons for the ministration of the word and ordinances, but embrace every other that offers; make use not only of those seasons which may seem commodious and advantageous both to preacher and hearer, and promise usefulness and success, but even such as may seem incommodious and disadvantageous to flesh and blood; such as times of persecution and opposition; but none of these things should deter and move from the preaching of the Gospel. Several parts of the ministerial function to be insisted on and attended to are next mentioned, as being within the solemn charge given before God and Christ: reprove ; errors, and men for their errors and heresies; make use of convincing arguments taken out of the Scriptures, which are profitable for reproof of this kind; and which reproof sometimes is to be given with sharpness, as the case requires, that men may be sound in the faith. Rebuke ; or chide for sin; some privately, others more publicly, according to the nature and circumstances of the offence; some more gently, others more roughly, as is needful. Exhort ; to all the duties of religion respecting God and man; to show love, and to do good works; to hold fast the profession of faith, and walk as becomes the Gospel of Christ; and to persevere in faith and holiness: or comfort, as the word may be rendered; for as the ministers of the Gospel are in some cases to be Boanergeses, sons of thunder, so other cases they should be Barnabases, sons of consolation; and comfort distressed minds, by preaching the comfortable doctrines of peace, pardon, righteousness and salvation by Jesus Christ: with all longsuffering : or patience. The success of the Gospel ministry should be patiently waited for as husbandmen do for the fruits of the earth.
Those that give into error, and oppose themselves to the truth, should be instructed in meekness; and those who are overtaken in a fault should be gently rebuked, and restored in such a spirit; and every exhortation should be pressed as persons are able to bear it: and doctrine ; in a way that is instructive and teaching, and in agreement with the doctrine of the Scriptures, which are profitable for that purpose.
Matthew Henry Commentary
Verses 1-5 - People will turn away from the truth, they will grow weary of the plai gospel of Christ, they will be greedy of fables, and take pleasure in them. People do so when they will not endure that preaching which in searching, plain, and to the purpose. Those who love souls must be eve watchful, must venture and bear all the painful effects of their faithfulness, and take all opportunities of making known the pur gospel.
Greek Textus Receptus
κηρυξον 2784 5657 τον 3588 λογον 3056 επιστηθι 2186 5628 ευκαιρως 2122 ακαιρως 171 ελεγξον 1651 5657 επιτιμησον 2008 5657 παρακαλεσον 3870 5657 εν 1722 παση 3956 μακροθυμια 3115 και 2532 διδαχη 1322
Vincent's NT Word Studies
2. Be instant (episthqi). Better, be ready. Once in Paul, 1 Thessalonians v. 3. Frequent in Luke and Acts. Lit. stand by, be at hand, be present. To come suddenly upon, Luke ii. 38. Hence, be ready. Instant signifies urgent, importunate, persevering. Lat. instant to press upon. Thus Latimer, "I preached at the instant request of a curate." So N.T., Rom. xii. 12, "Continuing instant in prayer."
In season (eukairwv). Only here and Mark. xiv. 11. LXX once, Sir. xviii. 22. Comp. ajkaireisqai to have leisure or opportunity, Mark. vi. 31; 1 Corinthians xvi. 12: eujkairia opportunity, Matt. xxvi. 16: eukairov seasonable, convenient, Mark. vi. 21; Heb. iv. 16.
Out of season (akairwv). N.T.o . LXX once, Sir. xxxv. 4. Comp. ajkaireisqai to lack opportunity, Philippians. iv. 10. Timothy is not advised to disregard opportuneness, but to discharge his duty to those with whom he deals, whether it be welcome or not.
Reprove (elegxon). Rather, convict of their errors. See on 1 Tim. v. 20 and John iii. 20. In Paul, 1 Cor. xiv. 24; Eph. v. 11, 13. Comp. ejlegmon conviction, chapter iii. 16.
Rebuke (epitimhson). In Pastorals only here. o P. Mostly in the Synoptic Gospels, where it is frequent. It has two meanings: rebuke, as Matt. viii. 26; Luke xvii. 3, and charge, as Matt. xii. 16; xvi. 20, commonly followed by ina that or legwn saying (Matt. xx. 31; Mark. i. 25; iii. 12; viii. 30; Luke iv. 35), but see Luke ix. 21. The word implies a sharp, severe rebuke, with, possibly, a suggestion in some cases of impending penalty (timh); charge on pain of. This might go to justify the rendering of Holtzmann and von Soden, threaten. To charge on pain of penalty for disobedience implies a menace, in this case of future judgment.
Exhort (parakaleson). See on consolation, Luke vi. 24; comfort, Acts 931. Tischendorf changes the order of the three imperatives, reading elegxon, parakaleson, ejpitimhson. In that case there is a climax: first convict of error, then, exhort to forsake error, finally threaten with the penalty of persistence in error.
With all long-suffering and doctrine (en pash makroqumia). Pash, every possible exhibition of long, suffering, etc. For doctrine Rend. teaching. The combination is Suggestive. Long-suffering is to be maintained against the temptations to anger presented by the obstinacy and perverseness of certain hearers; and such are to be met, not merely with rebuke, but also with sound and reasonable instruction in the truth. So Calvin: "Those who are strong only in fervor and sharpness, but are not fortified with solid doctrine, weary themselves in their vigorous efforts, make a great noise, rave,... make no headway because they build without foundation." Men will not be won to the truth by scolding's. They should understand what they hear, and learn by perceive why they are rebuked" (Bahnsen). Didach teaching, only here and Tit. i. 9 in Pastorals. The usual sword is didaskalia. Paul uses both. 8. For (gar). Ground for the preceding exhortations in the future opposition to sound teaching.
Endure (anexontai). Only here in Pastorals. Mostly in Paul. Comp. Acts xviii. 14; 2 Cor. xi. 4; Heb. xiii. 22.
Sound doctrine (thv ugiainoushv didaskaliav). Or healthful teaching. The A.V. overlooks the article which is important. The teaching plays a prominent part in these Epistles, and signifies more than teaching in general. See on 1 Tim. i. 10.
Shall they heap to themselves teachers (eautoiv episwreu sousin didaskalouv). A vigorous and graphic statement. Episwreuein to heap up, N.T.o . Comp. seswreumena laden, chapter iii. 6. The word is ironical; shall invite teachers enmasse. 144 In periods of unsettled faith, skepticism, and mere curious speculation in matters of religion, teachers of all kinds swarm like the flies in Egypt. The demand creates the supply. The hearers invite and shape their own preachers. If the people desire a calf to worship, a ministerial calf-maker is readily found. "The master of superstition is the people, and in all superstition wise men follow fools " (Bacon, Ess. 17).
Having itching ears (knhqomenoi thn akohn). Or, being tickled in their hearing. Knhqein to tickle, N.T.o . o LXX. Knhqomenoi itching. Hesychius explains, "hearing for mere gratification." Clement of Alexandria describes certain teachers as "scratching and tickling, in no human way, the ears of those who eagerly desire to be scratched" (Strom. 5). Seneca says: " Some come to hear, not to learn, just as we go to the theater, for pleasure, to delight our ears with the speaking or the voice or the plays" (Ep. 108). Akoh, A. verse ears, in N.T. a report, as Matt. iv. 24; xiv. 1;24.xxiv. 6: in the plural, ears (never ear in singular), as Mark. vii. 35; Luke vii. 1: hearing, either the act, as Acts xxviii. 26; Rom. x. 17, or the sense, 1 Corinthians xii. 17, here, and verse 4.
Robertson's NT Word Studies
4:2 {Preach the word} (keruxon ton logon). First aorist active imperative of kerussw. For "the word" used absolutely, see #1Th 1:6; Ga 6:6. {Be instant in season, out of season} (episteqi eukairws akairws). Second aorist (ingressive) active imperative of efistemi (intransitive use), "take a stand,"stand upon it or up to it,"carry on,"stick to it." The Vulgate has "_insta_." The two adverbs are like a proverb or a play (pun) on the word kairos. There are all sorts of seasons (kairoi), some difficult (calepoi, #3:1), some easy (eukairei, #1Co 16:12). {Reprove} (elegxon). First aorist active imperative of elegcw. "Bring to proof." #Eph 5:11. {Rebuke} (epitimeson). First aorist active imperative of epitimaw, to give honor (or blame) to, to chide. Common in the Gospels (#Lu 17:3). {Exhort} (parakaleson). First aorist active imperative of parakalew, common Pauline word.
