SEV Biblia, Chapter 20:13
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Clarke's Bible Commentary - Exodus 20:13
Verse 13. Thou shalt not kill.] This commandment, which is general, prohibits murder of every kind. 1. All actions by which the lives of our fellow creatures may be abridged. 2. All wars for extending empire, commerce, &c. 3. All sanguinary laws, by the operation of which the lives of men may be taken away for offenses of comparatively trifling demerit. 4. All bad dispositions which lead men to wish evil to, or meditate mischief against, one another; for, says the Scripture, He that hateth his brother in his heart is a murderer. 5. All want of charity to the helpless and distressed; for he who has it in his power to save the life of another by a timely application of succour, food, raiment, &c., and does not do it, and the life of the person either falls or is abridged on this account, is in the sight of God a murderer. He who neglects to save life is, according to an incontrovertible maxim in law, the SAME as he who takes it away. 6. All riot and excess, all drunkenness and gluttony, all inactivity and slothfulness, and all superstitious mortifications and self-denials, by which life may be destroyed or shortened; all these are point-blank sins against the sixth commandment.
THE SEVENTH COMMANDMENT AGAINST ADULTERY AND UNCLEANNESS.
Matthew Henry Commentary
Verses 12-17 - The laws of the SECOND table, that is, the last six of the te commandments, state our duty to ourselves and to one another, an explain the great commandment, Thou shalt love thy neighbour a thyself, Lu 10:27. Godliness and honesty must go together. The fift commandment concerns the duties we owe to our relations. Honour the father and thy mother, includes esteem of them, shown in our conduct obedience to their lawful commands; come when they call you, go wher they send you, do what they bid you, refrain from what they forbid you and this, as children, cheerfully, and from a principle of love. Als submission to their counsels and corrections. Endeavouring, in ever thing, to comfort parents, and to make their old age easy; maintainin them if they need support, which our Saviour makes to be particularl intended in this commandment, Mt 15:4-6. Careful observers have noted peculiar blessing in temporal things on obedient, and the reverse of disobedient children. The sixth commandment requires that we regard the life and the safety of others as we do our own. Magistrates and their officers, and witnesses testifying the truth, do not break thi command. Self-defence is lawful; but much which is not deemed murder by the laws of man, is such before God. Furious passions, stirred up by anger or by drunkenness, are no excuse: more guilty is murder in duels which is a horrible effect of a haughty, revengeful spirit. All fighting, whether for wages, for renown, or out of anger and malice breaks this command, and the bloodshed therein is murder. To tempt me to vice and crimes which shorten life, may be included. Misconduct such as may break the heart, or shorten the lives of parents, wives, or other relatives, is a breach of this command. This command forbids all envy, malice, hatred, or anger, all provoking or insulting language The destruction of our own lives is here forbidden. This commandmen requires a spirit of kindness, longsuffering, and forgiveness. The seventh commandment concerns chastity. We should be as much afraid of that which defiles the body, as of that which destroys it. Whateve tends to pollute the imagination, or to raise the passions, falls unde this law, as impure pictures, books, conversation, or any other lik matters. The eighth commandment is the law of love as it respects the property of others. The portion of worldly things allotted us, as fa as it is obtained in an honest way, is the bread which God hath give us; for that we ought to be thankful, to be contented with it, and, in the use of lawful means, to trust Providence for the future. Imposin upon the ignorance, easiness, or necessity of others, and many othe things, break God's law, though scarcely blamed in society. Plunderer of kingdoms though above human justice, will be included in thi sentence. Defrauding the public, contracting debts without prospect of paying them, or evading payment of just debts, extravagance, all livin upon charity when not needful, all squeezing the poor in their wages these, and such things, break this command; which requires industry frugality, and content, and to do to others, about worldly property, a we would they should do to us. The ninth commandment concerns our ow and our neighbour's good name. This forbids speaking falsely on an matter, lying, equivocating, and any way devising or designing to deceive our neighbour. Speaking unjustly against our neighbour, to hur his reputation. Bearing false witness against him, or in commo conversation slandering, backbiting, and tale-bearing; making what is done amiss, worse than it is, and in any way endeavouring to raise ou reputation upon the ruin of our neighbour's. How much this command in every day broken among persons of all ranks! The tenth commandmen strikes at the root; Thou shalt not covet. The others forbid all desir of doing what will be an injury to our neighbour; this forbids all wrong desire of having what will gratify ourselves.
Original Hebrew
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