SEV Biblia, Chapter 12:13
Entonces dijo David a Natán: Pequé contra el SEÑOR. Y Natán dijo a David: También el SEÑOR ha remitido tu pecado; no morirás.
Clarke's Bible Commentary - 2 Samuel 12:13
Verse 13. The Lord-hath put away thy sin] Many have supposed that David's sin was now actually pardoned, but this is perfectly erroneous; David, as an adulterer, was condemned to death by the law of God; and he had according to that law passed sentence of death upon himself. God alone, whose law that was could revoke that sentence, or dispense with its execution; therefore Nathan, who had charged the guilt home upon his conscience, is authorized to give him the assurance that he should not die a temporal death for it: The Lord hath put away thy sin; thou shalt not die. This is all that is contained in the assurance given by Nathan: Thou shalt not die that temporal death; thou shalt be preserved alive, that thou mayest have time to repent, turn to God, and find mercy. If the fifty-first Psalm, as is generally supposed, was written on this occasion, then it is evident (as the Psalm must have been written after this interview) that David had not received pardon for his sin from God at the time he composed it; for in it he confesses the crime in order to find mercy.
There is something very remarkable in the words of Nathan: The Lord also hath PUT AWAY thy sin; thou shalt not die; ryb[h hwhy µg twmt al ûtafj gam Yehovah heebir chattathecha lo thamuth, Also Jehovah HATH CAUSED thy sin TO PASS OVER, or transferred thy sin; THOU shalt not die.
God has transferred the legal punishment of this sin to the child; HE shall die, THOU shalt not die; and this is the very point on which the prophet gives him the most direct information: The child that is born unto thee shall SURELY die; twmy twm moth yamuth, dying he shall die-he shall be in a dying state seven days, and then he shall die. So God immediately struck the child, and it was very sick.
John Gill's Bible Commentary
Ver. 13. And David said unto Nathan, I have sinned against the Lord , etc.] Which confession, though short, was a full one, arising from a thorough conviction of the evil of the sin he had been guilty of, accompanied with real brokenness of heart, sincere humiliation, and a sorrow after a godly sort, as the fifty first psalm, that penitential psalm composed upon this occasion shows, ( Psalm 51:1-19): and Nathan said unto David ; being fully satisfied with the sincerity and genuineness of his repentance, of which he gave proof by words and deeds, and being under the direction and impulse of the Spirit of God: the Lord hath put away thy sin ; would not charge it upon him, impute it to him, or punish him for it, but freely and fully forgive it, cast it behind his back, and into the depth of the sea; cause it to pass from him and never more bring it against him, and which is the Lord’s act, and his only, against whom sin is committed: thou shall not die ; though he should die a corporeal death, yet not by the immediate hand of God, or by the sword of justice as a malefactor, a murderer, and adulterer, as he, according to the law, deserved to die; nor should he die a spiritual death, though his grace had been so low, and his corruptions had risen so high; nor an eternal death, the second death, the lost wages of sin.
Matthew Henry Commentary
Verses 1-14 - God will not suffer his people to lie still in sin. By this parabl Nathan drew from David a sentence against himself. Great need there is of prudence in giving reproofs. In his application, he was faithful. He says in plain terms, Thou art the man. God shows how much he hates sin even in his own people; and wherever he finds it, he will not let it go unpunished. David says not a word to excuse himself or make light of his sin, but freely owns it. When David said, I have sinned, and Natha perceived that he was a true penitent, he assured him his sin wa forgiven. Thou shalt not die: that is, not die eternally, nor be for ever put away from God, as thou wouldest have been, if thou hadst no put away the sin. Though thou shalt all thy days be chastened of the Lord, yet thou shalt not be condemned with the world. There is thi great evil in the sins of those who profess religion and relation to God, that they furnish the enemies of God and religion with matter for reproach and blasphemy. And it appears from David's case, that eve where pardon is obtained, the Lord will visit the transgression of his people with the rod, and their iniquity with stripes. For one momentar gratification of a vile lust, David had to endure many days and year of extreme distress.
Original Hebrew
ויאמר 559 דוד 1732 אל 413 נתן 5416 חטאתי 2398 ליהוה 3068 ויאמר 559 נתן 5416 אל 413 דוד 1732 גם 1571 יהוה 3068 העביר 5674 חטאתך 2403 לא 3808 תמות׃ 4191
