SEV Biblia, Chapter 22:6
Ven pues, ahora, te ruego, maldíceme este pueblo, porque es más fuerte que yo; por ventura podré yo herirlo, y echarlo de la tierra; pues yo sé que el que tú bendijeres, será bendito, y el que tú maldijeres, será maldito.
Clarke's Bible Commentary - Numbers 22:6
Verse 6. Come now, therefore, I pray thee, curse me this people] Balaam, once a prophet of the true God, appears to have been one of the Moshelim, (see chap. xxi. 27,) who had added to his poetic gift that of sorcery or divination. It was supposed that prophets and sorcerers had a power to curse persons and places so as to confound all their designs, frustrate their counsels, enervate their strength, and fill them with fear, terror, and dismay. See Genesis ix. 25; Psa. cix. 6, 20; Josh. vi. 26; Jer. xvii. 5, 6. Macrobius has a whole chapter Deuteronomy carmine quo evocari solebant dii tutelares, et aut urbes, aut exercitus devoveri. "Of the incantations which were used to induce the tutelary gods to forsake the cities, &c., over which they presided, and to devote cities and whole armies to destruction." See Saturnal., lib. iii., cap. ix. He gives us two of the ancient forms used in reference to the destruction of Carthage; the first, to call over the protecting deities, was pronounced by the dictator or general, and none other, when they began the siege. It is as follows, literatim et punctatim:- Si. Deus. si. Dea. est. cui. popolus. civitas. que. Karthaginiensis. est in. tutela. te. que. maxime, ille. qui. urbis. hujus. popoli. que. tutelam.recepisti. precor. veneror, que. veniam. que. a. vobis. peto. ut. vos.popolum. civitatem. que. Karthaginiensem. deseratis. loca. templa. sacra.urbem. que. eorum. relinquatis. absque. his. abeatis. ei. que. popolo.civitati. que. metum. formidinem. oblivionem. injiciatis. proditi. que.Romam. ad. me. meos. que. veniatis. nostra. que. vobis. loca. templa. sacra.urbs. acceptior. probatior. que. sit. mihi. que. popolo. que. Romano.militibus. que. meis. praepositi. sitis. ut. sciamus. intelligamus. que. Si. ita.feceritis. voveo. vobis. templa. ludos. que. facturum.
"Whether it be god or goddess, under whose protection the people and city of Carthage are placed; and thee, especially, who hast undertaken to defend this city and people; I pray, beseech, and earnestly entreat that you would forsake the people and city of Carthage, and leave their places, temples, sacred things, and city, and depart from them: and that you would inspire this people and city with fear, terror, and forgetfulness: and that, coming out from them, you would pass over to Rome, to me, and to mine: and that our places, temples, sacred things, and city may be more agreeable and more acceptable to you: and that you would preside over me, the Roman people, and my soldiers; that we may know and perceive it. If ye will do this, I promise to consecrate to your honour both temples and games." The second, to devote the city to destruction, which it was supposed the tutelary gods had abandoned, is the following: Dis. Pater. Vejovis. Manes. sive. vos. quo. allo. nomine. fas. est. nominare.
ut. omnes. iliam. urbem. Karthaginem. exercitum. que. quem. ego. me.sentio. dicere. fuga. formidine. terrore. que. compleatis. qui. que. adversum.legiones. exercitum. que. nostrum. arma. tela. que. ferent. Uti. vos. eum.exercitum. eos. hostes. eos. que. homines. urbes. agros. que. eorum. et. qui.in. his. locis. regionibus. que. agris. urbibus. ve. habitant. abducatis. lumine.supero. privetis. exercitum. que. hostium. urbes. agros. que. eorum. quos.me. sentio. dicere. uti. vos. eas. urbes. agros. que. capita. aetates. que.eorum. devotas. consecratas. que. habeatis. illis. legibus. quibus. quando.que. sunt. maxime. hostes. devoti. eos. que. ego. vicarios. pro. me. fide.magistratu. que. meo. pro. popolo. Romano. exercitibus. legionibus. que.nostris. do. devoveo. ut. me. meam. que. fidem. imperium. que. legiones.exercitum. que. nostrum. qui. in. his. rebus. gerundis. sunt. bene. salvos.siritis. esse. Si. haec. ita. faxitis. ut. ego. sciam. sentiam. intelligam. que.tune. quisquis. hoc. votum. faxit. ubi. ubi. faxit. recte. factum. esto. ovibus.atris. tribus. Tellus. mater. te. que. Juppiter. obtestor.
"Dis. Pater. Vejosis. Manes., or by whatsoever name you wish to be invoked, I pray you to fill this city of Carthage with fear and terror; and to put that army to flight which I mention, and which bears arms or darts against OUR legions and armies: and that ye may take away this army, those enemies, those men, their cities and their country, and all who dwell in those places, regions, countries, or cities; and deprive them of the light above: and let all their armies, cities, country, chiefs, and people be held by you consecrated and devoted, according to those laws by which, and at what time, enemies can be most effectually devoted. I also give and devote them as vicarious sacrifices for myself and my magistracy; for the Roman people, and for all our armies and legions; and for the whole empire, and that all the armies and legions which are employed in these countries may be preserved in safety. If therefore ye will do these things, as I know, conceive, and intend, then he who makes this vow wheresoever and whensoever he shall make it, I engage shall sacrifice three black sheep to thee, O mother Earth, and to thee. O Jupiter."When the execrator mentions the earth, he stoops down and places both his hands on it; and when he names Jupiter, he lifts up both his hands to heaven; and when he mentions his vow, he places his hands upon his breast." Among the ancient records, Macrobius says he found many cities and people devoted in this way. The Romans held that no city could be taken till its tutelary god had forsaken it; or if it could be taken, it would be unlawful, as it would be sacrilegious to have the gods in captivity. They therefore endeavoured to persuade the gods of their enemies to come over to their party. Virgil intimates that Troy was destroyed, only because the tutelary gods had forsaken it:- Excessere omnes, adytis arisque relictis, Dii, quibus imperium hoc steterat.AEn., lib. ii., ver. 351.
"All the gods, by whose assistance the empire had hitherto been preserved, forsook their altars and their temples." And it was on this account that the Greeks employed all their artifice to steal away the Palladium, on which they believed the safety of Troy depended.
Tacitus observes that when Suetonius Paulinus prepared his army to cross over into Mona, (Anglesea,) where the Britons and Druids made their last stand, the priestesses, with dishevelled hair, white vestments, and torches in their hands, ran about like furies, devoting their enemies to destruction; and he farther adds that the sight, the attitude, and horrible imprecations of these priestesses had such effect on the Roman soldiers, that for a while they stood still and suffered themselves to be pierced with the darts of the Britons, without making any resistance. Tacit. Ann., l. xiv., c. 29. Many accounts are related in the Hindoo Pooran of kings employing sages to curse their enemies when too powerful for them. - WARD'S Customs.
The Jews also had a most horrible form of execration, as may be seen in Buxtorf's Talmudical Lexicon under the word µdt . These observations and authorities, drawn out in so much detail, are necessary to cast light on the strange and curious history related in this and the two following chapters.
John Gill's Bible Commentary
Ver. 6. Come now, therefore, I pray thee , etc.] To my country, city, and court: curse me this people ; by imprecations on them; and which being attended with various rites and ceremonies, brought calamities on persons, which men of Balaam’s character were supposed to have power to do: for they are too mighty for me ; to oppose and subdue by force of arms; and therefore was obliged to have recourse to such arts and methods he was master of; suggesting, that he was able to do more by his divinations than could be effected by an army of men: peradventure I shall prevail, that we may smite them, and that I may drive them out of the land ; there is hope, by taking such measures, that they may be prevailed over and conquered; and that, together with your curses, and my army, we may be able to smite them, and destroy them; you with your tongue, and I and my people with the sword, and so drive them quite out of the land, and get a clear riddance of them: for I wot that he whom thou blessest [is] blessed, and he whom thou cursest [is] cursed ; so high an opinion had the king of Moab of this soothsayer and diviner, from the report he had had of the mighty feats done by him; as, that those for whom he asked for blessings from heaven had them, and those on whom he imprecated evils, they came upon them; and this was a prevailing custom among the Heathens in later times, and particularly the Romans; not only to endeavour to get the gods of the people from them they were at war with, and whose cities they besieged, praying that they would leave such places, cities, and their temples; but also wished evils to cities and armies, and prayed the gods to fill them with flight, fear, and terror, and that such evils might come upon them, which had on others f337 .
Matthew Henry Commentary
Verses 1-14 - The king of Moab formed a plan to get the people of Israel cursed; tha is, to set God against them, who had hitherto fought for them. He had false notion, that if he could get some prophet to pray for evil upo them, and to pronounce a blessing upon himself and his forces, tha then he should be able to deal with them. None had so great reputation as Balaam; and Balak will employ him, though he send a grea way for him. It is not known whether the Lord had ever spoken to Balaam, or by him, before this; though it is probable he had, and it is certain he did afterwards. Yet we have abundant proof that he lived an died a wicked man, an enemy to God and his people. And the curse shal not come upon us if there is not a cause, even though men utter it. To prevail with Balaam, they took the wages of unrighteousness, but God laid restraint upon Balaam, forbidding him to curse Israel. Balaam wa no stranger to Israel's cause; so that he ought to have answered the messengers at once, that he would never curse a people whom God ha blessed; but he takes a night's time to consider what he should do When we parley with temptations, we are in great danger of being overcome. Balaam was not faithful in returning God's answer to the messengers. Those are a fair mark for Satan's temptation, who lesse Divine restraints; as if to go against God's law were only to go without his leave. The messengers also are not faithful in returnin Balaam's answer to Balak. Thus many are abused by the flatteries of those about them, and are prevented from seeing their own faults an follies.
Original Hebrew
ועתה 6258 לכה 1980 נא 4994 ארה 779 לי את 853 העם 5971 הזה 2088 כי 3588 עצום 6099 הוא 1931 ממני 4480 אולי 194 אוכל 3201 נכה 5221 בו ואגרשׁנו 1644 מן 4480 הארץ 776 כי 3588 ידעתי 3045 את 853 אשׁר 834 תברך 1288 מברך 1288 ואשׁר 834 תאר 779 יואר׃ 779
