SEV Biblia, Chapter 1:30
murmuradores, detractores, aborrecedores de Dios, injuriosos, soberbios, altivos, inventores de males, desobedientes a los padres,
Clarke's Bible Commentary - Romans 1:30
Verse 30. Backbiters] katalalouv, from kata, against, and lalew, I speak; those who speak against others; false accusers, slanderers. Haters of God] qeostugeiv, atheists, contemners of sacred things, maligners of providence, scorners, &c. All profligate deists are of this class; and it seems to be the finishing part of a diabolic character.
Despiteful] ubristav, from ubrizw, to treat with injurious insolence; stormy, boisterous; abusing both the characters and persons of those over whom they can have any power.
Proud] uperhfanouv, from uper, above or over, and fainw, I show or shine. They who are continually exalting themselves and depressing others; magnifying themselves at the expense of their neighbours; and wishing all men to receive their sayings as oracles.
Boasters] alazonav, from lazomai, to assume; self-assuming, vain-glorious, and arrogant men.
Inventors of evil things] efeuretav kakwn. Those who have invented destructive customs, rites, fashions, &c.; such as the different religious ceremonies among the Greeks and Romans-the orgies of Bacchus, the mysteries of Ceres, the lupercalia, feasts of the Bona Dea, &c., &c.
Multitudes of which evil things, destructive and abominable ceremonies, are to be found in every part of the heathen worship.
Disobedient to parents] Though filial affection was certainly more recommended and cultivated than many other virtues, yet there are many instances on record of the grossest violation of this great branch of the law of nature.
John Gill's Bible Commentary
Ver. 30. Backbiters , etc..] Who more publicly defamed the characters of their neighbours, and hurt their good name, credit and reputation, though behind their backs: haters of God ; some read it, hated of God; as all workers of iniquity are; but rather this expresses their sin, that they were deniers of the being and providence of God, and showed themselves to be enemies to him by their evil works: despiteful ; both by opprobrious words, and injurious actions: proud ; of their natural knowledge, learning, eloquence and vain philosophy: boasters : of their parts, abilities, wisdom and works; all which they attributed to themselves, and to the sharpness of their wit, their sagacity and industry: inventors of evil things ; of evil schemes of morality and philosophy, and of evil practices, as well as principles: disobedient to parents ; which was acting contrary to the light of nature.
Matthew Henry Commentary
Verses 26-32 - In the horrid depravity of the heathen, the truth of our Lord's word was shown: "Light was come into the world, but men loved darknes rather than light, because their deeds were evil; for he that doet evil hateth the light." The truth was not to their taste. And we all know how soon a man will contrive, against the strongest evidence, to reason himself out of the belief of what he dislikes. But a man cannot be brought to greater slavery than to be given up to his own lusts. A the Gentiles did not like to keep God in their knowledge, the committed crimes wholly against reason and their own welfare. The nature of man, whether pagan or Christian, is still the same; and the charges of the apostle apply more or less to the state and character of men at all times, till they are brought to full submission to the fait of Christ, and renewed by Divine power. There never yet was a man, wh had not reason to lament his strong corruptions, and his secret dislik to the will of God. Therefore this chapter is a call to self-examination, the end of which should be, a deep conviction of sin and of the necessity of deliverance from a state of condemnation __________________________________________________________________
Greek Textus Receptus
καταλαλους 2637 A-APM θεοστυγεις 2319 A-APM υβριστας 5197 N-APM υπερηφανους 5244 A-APM αλαζονας 213 N-APM εφευρετας 2182 N-APM κακων 2556 A-GPN γονευσιν 1118 N-DPM απειθεις 545 A-APM
Robertson's NT Word Studies
1:30 Paul changes the construction again to twelve substantives and adjectives that give vivid touches to this composite photograph of the God abandoned soul. {Whisperers} (yiquristas). Old word from yiqurizw, to speak into the ear, to speak secretly, an onomatopoetic word like psithurismos (#2Co 12:20) and only here in N.T. {Backbiters} (katalalous). Found nowhere else except in Hermas, compound like katalalew, to talk back (#Jas 4:11), and katalalia, talking back (#2Co 12:20), talkers back whether secretly or openly. {Hateful to God} (theostugeis). Old word from qeos and stuge". All the ancient examples take it in the passive sense and so probably here. So stugtos (#Tit 3:13). Vulgate has _deo odibiles_. {Insolent} (hubristas). Old word for agent from hubrizw, to give insult to, here alone in N.T. save #1Ti 1:13. {Haughty} (huperphanous). From huper and fainomai, to appear above others, arrogant in thought and conduct, "stuck up." {Boastful} (alazonas). From al, wandering. Empty pretenders, swaggerers, braggarts. {Inventors of evil things} (epheuretas kak"n). Inventors of new forms of vice as Nero was. Tacitus (_Ann_. IV. ii) describes Sejanus as _facinorum omnium repertor_ and Virgil (_Aen_. ii. 163) _scelerum inventor_. {Disobedient to parents} (goneusin apeiqeis). Cf. #1Ti 1:9; 2Ti 3:2. An ancient and a modern trait.
