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PARALLEL HISTORY BIBLE - Isaiah 23:2
CHAPTERS: Isaiah 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 
VERSES: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18
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LXX- Greek Septuagint - Isaiah 23:2 τινι 5100 ομοιοι 3664 γεγονασιν 1096 5754 οι 3588 ενοικουντες εν 1722 1520 τη 3588 νησω 3520 μεταβολοι φοινικης 5403 διαπερωντες την 3588 θαλασσαν 2281
Douay Rheims Bible Be silent, you that dwell in the island: the merchants of Sidon passing over the sea, have filled thee.
King James Bible - Isaiah 23:2 Be still, ye inhabitants of the isle; thou whom the merchants of Zidon, that pass over the sea, have replenished.
World English Bible Be still, you inhabitants of the coast, you whom the merchants of Sidon, that pass over the sea, have replenished.
Early Church Father Links Npnf-204 xxv.iii.iii.ii Pg 16
World Wide Bible Resources
Isaiah 23:2
Early Christian Commentary - (A.D. 100 - A.D. 325) Anf-01 viii.iv.cxxiii Pg 13
Isa. xlii. 1–4. As therefore from the one man Jacob, who was surnamed Israel, all your nation has been called Jacob and Israel; so we from Christ, who begat us unto God, like Jacob, and Israel, and Judah, and Joseph, and David, are called and are the true sons of God, and keep the commandments of Christ.”
Anf-01 viii.iv.cxxxv Pg 3
Isa. xlii. 1–4. Then is it Jacob the patriarch in whom the Gentiles and yourselves shall trust? or is it not Christ? As, therefore, Christ is the Israel and the Jacob, even so we, who have been quarried out from the bowels of Christ, are the true Israelitic race. But let us attend rather to the very word: ‘And I will bring forth,’ He says, ‘the seed out of Jacob, and out of Judah: and it shall inherit My holy mountain; and Mine Elect and My servants shall possess the inheritance, and shall dwell there; and there shall be folds of flocks in the thicket, and the valley of Achor shall be a resting-place of cattle for the people who have sought Me. But as for you, who forsake Me, and forget My holy mountain, and prepare a table for demons, and fill out drink for the demon, I shall give you to the sword. You shall all fall with a slaughter; for I called you, and you hearkened not, and did evil before me, and did choose that wherein I delighted not.’2472 2472
Anf-03 v.ix.xi Pg 9
Isa. xlii. 1. Hear also what He says to the Son: “Is it a great thing for Thee, that Thou shouldest be called my Son to raise up the tribes of Jacob, and to restore the dispersed of Israel? I have given Thee for a light to the Gentiles, that Thou mayest be their salvation to the end of the earth.”7882 7882
Anf-01 viii.iv.cxxiii Pg 13
Isa. xlii. 1–4. As therefore from the one man Jacob, who was surnamed Israel, all your nation has been called Jacob and Israel; so we from Christ, who begat us unto God, like Jacob, and Israel, and Judah, and Joseph, and David, are called and are the true sons of God, and keep the commandments of Christ.”
Anf-01 viii.iv.cxxxv Pg 3
Isa. xlii. 1–4. Then is it Jacob the patriarch in whom the Gentiles and yourselves shall trust? or is it not Christ? As, therefore, Christ is the Israel and the Jacob, even so we, who have been quarried out from the bowels of Christ, are the true Israelitic race. But let us attend rather to the very word: ‘And I will bring forth,’ He says, ‘the seed out of Jacob, and out of Judah: and it shall inherit My holy mountain; and Mine Elect and My servants shall possess the inheritance, and shall dwell there; and there shall be folds of flocks in the thicket, and the valley of Achor shall be a resting-place of cattle for the people who have sought Me. But as for you, who forsake Me, and forget My holy mountain, and prepare a table for demons, and fill out drink for the demon, I shall give you to the sword. You shall all fall with a slaughter; for I called you, and you hearkened not, and did evil before me, and did choose that wherein I delighted not.’2472 2472
Anf-03 v.iv.vi.iv Pg 19
Isa. xlii. 4; 6. That we may have, therefore the assurance that we are the children of God, “He hath sent forth His Spirit into our hearts, crying, Abba, Father.”5339 5339
Anf-03 v.iv.vi.iv Pg 46
Isa. xlii. 4. —of that faith “which,” he says “worketh by love.”5364 5364
Anf-03 v.iv.vi.ii Pg 20
We have here an instance of the high authority of the Septuagint version. It comes from the Seventy: Καὶ ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνοματι αὐτοῦ ἔθνη ἐλπιοῦσιν (Isa. xlii. 4.) From this Tertullian, as usual, quoted it. But what is much more important, St. Matthew has adopted it; see chap. xii, ver. 21. This beautiful promise of the Creator does not occur in its well-known form in the Hebrew original. that is, in the name of Christ, to whom He says, “I have given thee as a light of the Gentiles.”5254 5254
Anf-03 v.viii.lix Pg 9
Isa. xlii. 4, Sept; quoted from the LXX. by Christ in Matt. xii. 21, and by St. Paul in Rom. xv. 12. and arm of the Lord, are we at all misled respecting the Gentile nations by the diversity of statement? Are some of them to turn believers, and are others accounted dust, from any difference of nature? Nay, rather Christ has shone as the true light on the nations within the ocean’s limits, and from the heaven which is over us all.7746 7746 An allusion to some conceits of the Valentinians, who put men of truest nature and fit for Christ’s grace outside of the ocean-bounded earth, etc. Why, it is even on this earth that the Valentinians have gone to school for their errors; and there will be no difference of condition, as respects their body and soul, between the nations which believe and those which do not believe. Precisely, then, as He has put a distinction of state, not of nature, amongst the same nations, so also has He discriminated their flesh, which is one and the same substance in those nations, not according to their material structure, but according to the recompense of their merit.
Anf-03 v.iv.iv.xxii Pg 5
Pamelius regards this as a quotation from Isa. xlvi. 12, 13, only put narratively, in order to indicate briefly its realization. When the apostles girded their loins for this business, they renounced the elders and rulers and priests of the Jews. Well, says he, but was it not above all things that they might preach the other god? Rather3403 3403 Atquin. (that they might preach) that very self-same God, whose scripture they were with all their might fulfilling! “Depart ye, depart ye,” exclaims Isaiah; “go ye out from thence, and touch not the unclean thing,” that is blasphemy against Christ; “Go ye out of the midst of her,” even of the synagogue. “Be ye separate who bear the vessels of the Lord.”3404 3404
Anf-03 v.iv.vi.xvii Pg 43
This is rather an allusion to, than a quotation of, Isa. xlvi. 12, 13. For the Creator’s righteousness no less than His peace was announced in Christ, as we have often shown already. Therefore he says: “He is our peace, who hath made both one”5989 5989
Anf-01 ii.ii.viii Pg 6
Isa. i. 16–20. Desiring, therefore, that all His beloved should be partakers of repentance, He has, by His almighty will, established [these declarations].
Anf-01 viii.ii.xliv Pg 3
Isa. i. 16, etc. And that expression, “The sword shall devour you,” does not mean that the disobedient shall be slain by the sword, but the sword of God is fire, of which they who choose to do wickedly become the fuel. Wherefore He says, “The sword shall devour you: for the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it.” And if He had spoken concerning a sword that cuts and at once despatches, He would not have said, shall devour. And so, too, Plato, when he says, “The blame is his who chooses, and God is blameless,”1858 1858 Plato, Rep. x. [On this remarkable passage refer to Biog. Note above. See, also, brilliant note of the sophist De Maistre, Œuvres, ii. p. 105. Ed. Paris, 1853.] took this from the prophet Moses and uttered it. For Moses is more ancient than all the Greek writers. And whatever both philosophers and poets have said concerning the immortality of the soul, or punishments after death, or contemplation of things heavenly, or doctrines of the like kind, they have received such suggestions from the prophets as have enabled them to understand and interpret these things. And hence there seem to be seeds of truth among all men; but they are charged with not accurately understanding [the truth] when they assert contradictories. So that what we say about future events being foretold, we do not say it as if they came about by a fatal necessity; but God foreknowing all that shall be done by all men, and it being His decree that the future actions of men shall all be recompensed according to their several value, He foretells by the Spirit of prophecy that He will bestow meet rewards according to the merit of the actions done, always urging the human race to effort and recollection, showing that He cares and provides for men. But by the agency of the devils death has been decreed against those who read the books of Hystaspes, or of the Sibyl,1859 1859 [On the Orphica and Sibyllina, see Bull, Works, vol. vi. pp. 291–298.] or of the prophets, that through fear they may prevent men who read them from receiving the knowledge of the good, and may retain them in slavery to themselves; which, however, they could not always effect. For not only do we fearlessly read them, but, as you see, bring them for your inspection, knowing that their contents will be pleasing to all. And if we persuade even a few, our gain will be very great; for, as good husbandmen, we shall receive the reward from the Master.
Anf-01 ix.vi.xlii Pg 15
Isa. i. 16. Thus, no doubt, since they had transgressed and sinned in the same manner, so did they receive the same reproof as did the Sodomites. But when they should be converted and come to repentance, and cease from evil, they should have power to become the sons of God, and to receive the inheritance of immortality which is given by Him. For this reason, therefore, He has termed those “angels of the devil,” and “children of the wicked one,”4448 4448
Anf-01 viii.ii.lxi Pg 4
Isa. i. 16–20.
Anf-02 vi.iii.iii.xii Pg 21.1
Anf-02 vi.iv.v.xiv Pg 116.1
Anf-02 iv.ii.iii.xii Pg 2.1
Anf-03 v.iv.iii.xix Pg 6
Isa. i. 16, 17. be fond of the divine expostulations:2926 2926
Anf-01 ix.vi.xxxvii Pg 6
Jer. vii. 3; Zech. vii. 9, 10, Zech. viii. 17; Isa. i. 17–19. And again: “Keep thy tongue from evil, and thy lips that they speak no guile; depart from evil, and do good; seek peace, and pursue it.”4359 4359
Anf-01 v.xvi.i Pg 5
Isa. i. 19. And again, “Ye shall eat flesh even as herbs.”1270 1270
Anf-02 vi.ii.x Pg 14.1
1588 Cod. Sin. here has the singular, “one who ruminates.” upon the word of the Lord. But what means the cloven-footed? That the righteous man also walks in this world, yet looks forward to the holy state1589 1589 Literally, “holy age.” [to come]. Behold how well Moses legislated. But how was it possible for them to understand or comprehend these things? We then, rightly understanding his commandments,1590 1590 Cod. Sin. inserts again, “rightly.” explain them as the Lord intended. For this purpose He circumcised our ears and our hearts, that we might understand these things.
Anf-02 vi.iv.i.xviii Pg 8.1
Anf-02 vi.iv.vi.vi Pg 28.1
Anf-03 v.viii.xxvi Pg 8
Isa. i. 19. the expression means the blessings which await the flesh when in the kingdom of God it shall be renewed, and made like the angels, and waiting to obtain the things “which neither eye hath seen, nor ear heard, and which have not entered into the heart of man.”7467 7467
Anf-02 vi.iv.ii.xxii Pg 7.1
Anf-03 iv.ix.xiii Pg 63
See Isa. lv. 6, 7. in “the time of their visitation,”1440 1440
Anf-01 viii.iv.lxxxv Pg 0
Anf-01 viii.iv.xxxvi Pg 4
Ps. xxiv. Accordingly, it is shown that Solomon is not the Lord of hosts; but when our Christ rose from the dead and ascended to heaven, the rulers in heaven, under appointment of God, are commanded to open the gates of heaven, that He who is King of glory may enter in, and having ascended, may sit on the right hand of the Father until He make the enemies His footstool, as has been made manifest by another Psalm. For when the rulers of heaven saw Him of uncomely and dishonoured appearance, and inglorious, not recognising Him, they inquired, ‘Who is this King of glory?’ And the Holy Spirit, either from the person of His Father, or from His own person, answers them, ‘The Lord of hosts, He is this King of glory.’ For every one will confess that not one of those who presided over the gates of the temple at Jerusalem would venture to say concerning Solomon, though he was so glorious a king, or concerning the ark of testimony, ‘Who is this King of glory?’
Anf-03 iv.iv.xx Pg 8
Because Scripture calls idols “vanities” and “vain things.” See 2 Kings xvii. 15, Ps. xxiv. 4, Isa. lix. 4, Deut. xxxii. 21, etc. Whoever, therefore, honours an idol with the name of God, has fallen into idolatry. But if I speak of them as gods, something must be added to make it appear that I do not call them gods. For even the Scripture names “gods,” but adds “their,” viz. “of the nations:” just as David does when he had named “gods,” where he says, “But the gods of the nations are demons.”328 328
Anf-03 v.iv.iii.xix Pg 18
Ps. xxiv. 4, 5. He has slightly misquoted the passage. “For the eyes of the Lord are upon them that fear Him, upon them that hope in His mercy, to deliver their souls from death,” even eternal death, “and to nourish them in their hunger,” that is, after eternal life.2938 2938
Anf-01 viii.iv.lxxxv Pg 0
Anf-01 viii.iv.xxxvi Pg 4
Ps. xxiv. Accordingly, it is shown that Solomon is not the Lord of hosts; but when our Christ rose from the dead and ascended to heaven, the rulers in heaven, under appointment of God, are commanded to open the gates of heaven, that He who is King of glory may enter in, and having ascended, may sit on the right hand of the Father until He make the enemies His footstool, as has been made manifest by another Psalm. For when the rulers of heaven saw Him of uncomely and dishonoured appearance, and inglorious, not recognising Him, they inquired, ‘Who is this King of glory?’ And the Holy Spirit, either from the person of His Father, or from His own person, answers them, ‘The Lord of hosts, He is this King of glory.’ For every one will confess that not one of those who presided over the gates of the temple at Jerusalem would venture to say concerning Solomon, though he was so glorious a king, or concerning the ark of testimony, ‘Who is this King of glory?’
Anf-02 vi.iv.vii.x Pg 11.1
Anf-01 ii.ii.xxxv Pg 9
Ps. l. 16–23. The reader will observe how the Septuagint followed by Clement differs from the Hebrew.
knowledge,155 155 Or, “knowledge of immortality.” “who, being the brightness of His majesty, is by so much greater than the angels, as He hath by inheritance obtained a more excellent name than they.”156 156
Anf-01 ix.vi.xviii Pg 13
Jer. vii. 2, 3.
Anf-01 ix.vi.xxxvii Pg 6
Jer. vii. 3; Zech. vii. 9, 10, Zech. viii. 17; Isa. i. 17–19. And again: “Keep thy tongue from evil, and thy lips that they speak no guile; depart from evil, and do good; seek peace, and pursue it.”4359 4359
Anf-01 ix.vi.iii Pg 22
Jer. iv. 22.
Anf-01 ix.vi.xxxvii Pg 6
Jer. vii. 3; Zech. vii. 9, 10, Zech. viii. 17; Isa. i. 17–19. And again: “Keep thy tongue from evil, and thy lips that they speak no guile; depart from evil, and do good; seek peace, and pursue it.”4359 4359
Anf-01 v.xvi.i Pg 5
Isa. i. 19. And again, “Ye shall eat flesh even as herbs.”1270 1270
Anf-02 vi.ii.x Pg 14.1
1588 Cod. Sin. here has the singular, “one who ruminates.” upon the word of the Lord. But what means the cloven-footed? That the righteous man also walks in this world, yet looks forward to the holy state1589 1589 Literally, “holy age.” [to come]. Behold how well Moses legislated. But how was it possible for them to understand or comprehend these things? We then, rightly understanding his commandments,1590 1590 Cod. Sin. inserts again, “rightly.” explain them as the Lord intended. For this purpose He circumcised our ears and our hearts, that we might understand these things.
Anf-02 vi.iv.i.xviii Pg 8.1
Anf-02 vi.iv.vi.vi Pg 28.1
Anf-03 v.viii.xxvi Pg 8
Isa. i. 19. the expression means the blessings which await the flesh when in the kingdom of God it shall be renewed, and made like the angels, and waiting to obtain the things “which neither eye hath seen, nor ear heard, and which have not entered into the heart of man.”7467 7467
Anf-01 vi.ii.xvi Pg 7
Comp. Isa. v., Jer. xxv.; but the words do not occur in Scripture. And it so happened as the Lord had spoken. Let us inquire, then, if there still is a temple of God. There is—where He himself declared He would make and finish it. For it is written, “And it shall come to pass, when the week is completed, the temple of God shall be built in glory in the name of the Lord.”1678 1678
Anf-02 vi.iv.iv.xi Pg 4.1
Anf-03 v.iv.v.xxix Pg 55
Tertullian calls by a proper name the vineyard which Isaiah (in his chap. v.) designates “the vineyard of the Lord of hosts,” and interprets to be “the house of Israel” (ver. 7). The designation comes from ver. 2, where the original clause ירשֹ והע[טָיִּוַ is translated in the Septuagint, Καὶ ἐφύτευσα ἄμπελον Σωρήκ. Tertullian is most frequently in close agreement with the LXX. that when “He looked for righteousness therefrom, there was only a cry”4704 4704
Anf-03 v.iv.v.xxvii Pg 36
See Isa. v. 5, 23, and x. 2. Of these Isaiah also says, “Woe unto them that are strong in Jerusalem!”4609 4609
Anf-01 ix.vi.xviii Pg 13
Jer. vii. 2, 3.
Anf-01 ix.vi.xxxvii Pg 6
Jer. vii. 3; Zech. vii. 9, 10, Zech. viii. 17; Isa. i. 17–19. And again: “Keep thy tongue from evil, and thy lips that they speak no guile; depart from evil, and do good; seek peace, and pursue it.”4359 4359
Anf-03 v.iv.v.xliii Pg 5
Hos. v. 15 and vi. 1; 2. For who can refuse to believe that these words often revolved5168 5168 Volutata. in the thought of those women between the sorrow of that desertion with which at present they seemed to themselves to have been smitten by the Lord, and the hope of the resurrection itself, by which they rightly supposed that all would be restored to them? But when “they found not the body (of the Lord Jesus),”5169 5169
Anf-03 iv.ix.xiii Pg 53
Oehler refers to Hos. vi. 1; add 2 (ad init.). —which is His glorious resurrection—He received back into the heavens (whence withal the Spirit Himself had come to the Virgin1430 1430
Anf-03 v.iv.v.xliii Pg 5
Hos. v. 15 and vi. 1; 2. For who can refuse to believe that these words often revolved5168 5168 Volutata. in the thought of those women between the sorrow of that desertion with which at present they seemed to themselves to have been smitten by the Lord, and the hope of the resurrection itself, by which they rightly supposed that all would be restored to them? But when “they found not the body (of the Lord Jesus),”5169 5169
Anf-01 ix.vi.xxxvii Pg 6
Jer. vii. 3; Zech. vii. 9, 10, Zech. viii. 17; Isa. i. 17–19. And again: “Keep thy tongue from evil, and thy lips that they speak no guile; depart from evil, and do good; seek peace, and pursue it.”4359 4359
Anf-01 v.xvi.i Pg 5
Isa. i. 19. And again, “Ye shall eat flesh even as herbs.”1270 1270
Anf-02 vi.ii.x Pg 14.1
1588 Cod. Sin. here has the singular, “one who ruminates.” upon the word of the Lord. But what means the cloven-footed? That the righteous man also walks in this world, yet looks forward to the holy state1589 1589 Literally, “holy age.” [to come]. Behold how well Moses legislated. But how was it possible for them to understand or comprehend these things? We then, rightly understanding his commandments,1590 1590 Cod. Sin. inserts again, “rightly.” explain them as the Lord intended. For this purpose He circumcised our ears and our hearts, that we might understand these things.
Anf-02 vi.iv.i.xviii Pg 8.1
Anf-02 vi.iv.vi.vi Pg 28.1
Anf-03 v.viii.xxvi Pg 8
Isa. i. 19. the expression means the blessings which await the flesh when in the kingdom of God it shall be renewed, and made like the angels, and waiting to obtain the things “which neither eye hath seen, nor ear heard, and which have not entered into the heart of man.”7467 7467
Anf-02 vi.iv.ii.xxii Pg 7.1
Anf-03 iv.ix.xiii Pg 63
See Isa. lv. 6, 7. in “the time of their visitation,”1440 1440
Anf-01 ii.ii.viii Pg 2
Ezek. xxxiii. 11. adding, moreover, this gracious declaration, “Repent, O house of Israel, of your iniquity.39 39
Anf-01 v.vi.xi Pg 6
Comp. Ezek. xviii. 23; 32, Ezek. xxxiii. 11; 2 Pet. iii. 9. The love of the brethren at Troas salutes you; whence also I write to you by Burrhus,971 971 The ms. has “Burgus.” who was sent along with me by the Ephesians and Smyrnæans, to show their respect:972 972 Or, “for the sake of honour.” whom the Lord Jesus Christ will requite, in whom they hope, in flesh, and soul, and spirit, and faith, and love, and concord. Fare ye well in the Lord Jesus Christ, our common hope, in the Holy Ghost.
Anf-01 viii.iv.xlvii Pg 7
Ezek. xxxiii. 11–20. tells, repents of sins; and reckons sinful, unrighteous, and impious the man who fails away from piety and righteousness to unrighteousness and ungodliness. Wherefore also our Lord Jesus Christ said, ‘In whatsoever things I shall take you, in these I shall judge you.’ ”2094 2094
Anf-02 vi.iv.ii.vii Pg 12.1
Anf-02 vi.iv.ii.xv Pg 13.1
Anf-02 vi.iv.ii.xxiii Pg 29.1
Anf-03 v.iv.iii.xiii Pg 11
Ezek. xxxiii. 11. be feared, because He dislikes the sinners who do not repent. Accordingly, the divine law enjoins duties in respect of both these attributes: Thou shalt love God, and, Thou shalt fear God. It proposed one for the obedient man, the other for the transgressor.2866 2866
Anf-03 v.iv.v.x Pg 16
Ezek. xxxiii. 11. You will first have to deny that the Creator ever forgave sins; then you must in reason show3775 3775 Consequens est ut ostendas. that He never ordained any such prerogative for His Christ; and so you will prove how novel is that boasted3776 3776 Istam. benevolence of the, of course, novel Christ when you shall have proved that it is neither compatible with3777 3777 Parem. the Creator nor predicted by the Creator. But whether to remit sins can appertain to one who is said to be unable to retain them, and whether to absolve can belong to him who is incompetent even to condemn, and whether to forgive is suitable to him against whom no offence can be committed, are questions which we have encountered elsewhere,3778 3778 See book i. chap. xxvi.–xxviii. when we preferred to drop suggestions3779 3779 Admonere. rather than treat them anew.3780 3780 Retractare: give a set treatise about them. Concerning the Son of man our rule3781 3781 Præscriptio. is a twofold one: that Christ cannot lie, so as to declare Himself the Son of man, if He be not truly so; nor can He be constituted the Son of man, unless He be born of a human parent, either father or mother. And then the discussion will turn on the point, of which human parent He ought to be accounted the son—of the father or the mother? Since He is (begotten) of God the Father, He is not, of course, (the son) of a human father. If He is not of a human father, it follows that He must be (the son) of a human mother. If of a human mother, it is evident that she must be a virgin. For to whom a human father is not ascribed, to his mother a husband will not be reckoned; and then to what mother a husband is not reckoned, the condition of virginity belongs.3782 3782 To secure terseness in the premisses, we are obliged to lengthen out the brief terms of the conclusion, virgo est. But if His mother be not a virgin, two fathers will have to be reckoned to Him—a divine and a human one. For she must have a husband, not to be a virgin; and by having a husband, she would cause two fathers—one divine, the other human—to accrue to Him, who would thus be Son both of God and of a man. Such a nativity (if one may call it so)3783 3783 Si forte. the mythic stories assign to Castor or to Hercules. Now, if this distinction be observed, that is to say, if He be Son of man as born of His mother, because not begotten of a father, and His mother be a virgin, because His father is not human—He will be that Christ whom Isaiah foretold that a virgin should conceive,3784 3784
Anf-03 v.iv.vi.xi Pg 13
Ezek. xxxiii. 11. Now, if Marcion’s god has exhibited or proclaimed any such thing as this, I will allow him to be “the Father of mercies.” Since, however, he ascribes to him this title only from the time he has been revealed, as if he were the father of mercies from the time only when he began to liberate the human race, then we on our side, too,5690 5690 Atquin et nos. adopt the same precise date of his alleged revelation; but it is that we may deny him! It is then not competent to him to ascribe any quality to his god, whom indeed he only promulged by the fact of such an ascription; for only if it were previously evident that his god had an existence, could he be permitted to ascribe an attribute to him. The ascribed attribute is only an accident; but accidents5691 5691 The Contingent qualities in logic. are preceded by the statement of the thing itself of which they are predicated, especially when another claims the attribute which is ascribed to him who has not been previously shown to exist. Our denial of his existence will be all the more peremptory, because of the fact that the attribute which is alleged in proof of it belongs to that God who has been already revealed. Therefore “the New Testament” will appertain to none other than Him who promised it—if not “its letter, yet its spirit;”5692 5692
Anf-03 v.x.i Pg 15
Ezek. xxxiii. 11. And how is He eager for the death of those who are not sinners? Whom will not these, and perhaps other subtle devices containing heretical poisons, pierce either for doubt if not for destruction, or for irritation if not for death? As for you, therefore, do you, if faith is on the alert, smite on the spot the scorpion with a curse, so far as you can, with your sandal, and leave it dying in its own stupefaction? But if it gluts the wound, it drives the poison inwards, and makes it hasten into the bowels; forthwith all the former senses become dull, the blood of the mind freezes, the flesh of the spirit pines away, loathing for the Christian name is accompanied by a sense of sourness. Already the understanding also seeks for itself a place where it may throw up; and thus, once for all, the weakness with which it has been smitten breathes out wounded faith either in heresy or in heathenism. And now the present state of matters is such, that we are in the midst of an intense heat, the very dog-star of persecution,—a state originating doubtless with the dog-headed one himself.8223 8223 i.e. the devil.—Tr. Of some Christians the fire, of others the sword, of others the beasts, have made trial; others are hungering in prison for the martyrdoms of which they have had a taste in the meantime by being subjected to clubs and claws8224 8224 An instrument of torture, so called.—Tr. besides. We ourselves, having been appointed for pursuit, are like hares being hemmed in from a distance; and heretics go about according to their wont. Therefore the state of the times has prompted me to prepare by my pen, in opposition to the little beasts which trouble our sect, our antidote against poison, that I may thereby effect cures. You who read will at the same time drink. Nor is the draught bitter. If the utterances of the Lord are sweeter than honey and the honeycombs,8225 8225
Anf-03 vi.ii.iv Pg 4
Dan. vii. 24, very loosely quoted. In like manner Daniel says concerning the same, “And I beheld the fourth beast, wicked and powerful, and more savage than all the beasts of the earth, and how from it sprang up ten horns, and out of them a little budding horn, and how it subdued under one three of the great horns.”1471 1471
Anf-03 vi.iii.xx Pg 4
Perhaps Tertullian is referring to Prov. xxviii. 13. If we confess now, we shall be forgiven, and not put to shame at the judgment day. for we do at the same time both make satisfaction8746 8746 See de Orat. c. xxiii. ad fin., and the note there. for our former sins, by mortification of our flesh and spirit, and lay beforehand the foundation of defences against the temptations which will closely follow. “Watch and pray,” saith (the Lord), “lest ye fall into temptation.”8747 8747
Anf-01 ii.ii.viii Pg 6
Isa. i. 16–20. Desiring, therefore, that all His beloved should be partakers of repentance, He has, by His almighty will, established [these declarations].
Anf-01 viii.ii.xliv Pg 3
Isa. i. 16, etc. And that expression, “The sword shall devour you,” does not mean that the disobedient shall be slain by the sword, but the sword of God is fire, of which they who choose to do wickedly become the fuel. Wherefore He says, “The sword shall devour you: for the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it.” And if He had spoken concerning a sword that cuts and at once despatches, He would not have said, shall devour. And so, too, Plato, when he says, “The blame is his who chooses, and God is blameless,”1858 1858 Plato, Rep. x. [On this remarkable passage refer to Biog. Note above. See, also, brilliant note of the sophist De Maistre, Œuvres, ii. p. 105. Ed. Paris, 1853.] took this from the prophet Moses and uttered it. For Moses is more ancient than all the Greek writers. And whatever both philosophers and poets have said concerning the immortality of the soul, or punishments after death, or contemplation of things heavenly, or doctrines of the like kind, they have received such suggestions from the prophets as have enabled them to understand and interpret these things. And hence there seem to be seeds of truth among all men; but they are charged with not accurately understanding [the truth] when they assert contradictories. So that what we say about future events being foretold, we do not say it as if they came about by a fatal necessity; but God foreknowing all that shall be done by all men, and it being His decree that the future actions of men shall all be recompensed according to their several value, He foretells by the Spirit of prophecy that He will bestow meet rewards according to the merit of the actions done, always urging the human race to effort and recollection, showing that He cares and provides for men. But by the agency of the devils death has been decreed against those who read the books of Hystaspes, or of the Sibyl,1859 1859 [On the Orphica and Sibyllina, see Bull, Works, vol. vi. pp. 291–298.] or of the prophets, that through fear they may prevent men who read them from receiving the knowledge of the good, and may retain them in slavery to themselves; which, however, they could not always effect. For not only do we fearlessly read them, but, as you see, bring them for your inspection, knowing that their contents will be pleasing to all. And if we persuade even a few, our gain will be very great; for, as good husbandmen, we shall receive the reward from the Master.
Anf-01 ix.vi.xlii Pg 15
Isa. i. 16. Thus, no doubt, since they had transgressed and sinned in the same manner, so did they receive the same reproof as did the Sodomites. But when they should be converted and come to repentance, and cease from evil, they should have power to become the sons of God, and to receive the inheritance of immortality which is given by Him. For this reason, therefore, He has termed those “angels of the devil,” and “children of the wicked one,”4448 4448
Anf-01 viii.ii.lxi Pg 4
Isa. i. 16–20.
Anf-02 vi.iii.iii.xii Pg 21.1
Anf-02 vi.iv.v.xiv Pg 116.1
Anf-02 iv.ii.iii.xii Pg 2.1
Anf-03 v.iv.iii.xix Pg 6
Isa. i. 16, 17. be fond of the divine expostulations:2926 2926
Anf-01 ix.vi.xxxvii Pg 6
Jer. vii. 3; Zech. vii. 9, 10, Zech. viii. 17; Isa. i. 17–19. And again: “Keep thy tongue from evil, and thy lips that they speak no guile; depart from evil, and do good; seek peace, and pursue it.”4359 4359
Anf-01 v.xvi.i Pg 5
Isa. i. 19. And again, “Ye shall eat flesh even as herbs.”1270 1270
Anf-02 vi.ii.x Pg 14.1
1588 Cod. Sin. here has the singular, “one who ruminates.” upon the word of the Lord. But what means the cloven-footed? That the righteous man also walks in this world, yet looks forward to the holy state1589 1589 Literally, “holy age.” [to come]. Behold how well Moses legislated. But how was it possible for them to understand or comprehend these things? We then, rightly understanding his commandments,1590 1590 Cod. Sin. inserts again, “rightly.” explain them as the Lord intended. For this purpose He circumcised our ears and our hearts, that we might understand these things.
Anf-02 vi.iv.i.xviii Pg 8.1
Anf-02 vi.iv.vi.vi Pg 28.1
Anf-03 v.viii.xxvi Pg 8
Isa. i. 19. the expression means the blessings which await the flesh when in the kingdom of God it shall be renewed, and made like the angels, and waiting to obtain the things “which neither eye hath seen, nor ear heard, and which have not entered into the heart of man.”7467 7467
Anf-02 vi.iv.ii.xxii Pg 7.1
Anf-03 iv.ix.xiii Pg 63
See Isa. lv. 6, 7. in “the time of their visitation,”1440 1440
Anf-01 ii.ii.viii Pg 3
Ezek. xviii. 30. Say to the children of My people, Though your sins reach from earth to heaven, I and though they be redder40 40
Anf-03 vi.ii.iv Pg 3
The Latin reads, “Daniel” instead of “Enoch;” comp. Dan. ix. 24–27. says, “For for this end the Lord has cut short the times and the days, that His Beloved may hasten; and He will come to the inheritance.” And the prophet also speaks thus: “Ten kingdoms shall reign upon the earth, and a little king shall rise up after them, who shall subdue under one three of the kings.”1470 1470
Anf-02 vi.iii.i.x Pg 16.1
Anf-01 ix.viii.xxxvi Pg 7
Rom. x. 8; Deut. xxx. 14. as the same apostle declares, being easy of comprehension to those who are obedient. For it renders us like to Christ, if we experience “the power of his resurrection and the fellowship of His sufferings.”4864 4864
Anf-01 v.iv.vii Pg 8
Ps. lxxxv. 9. And says He, “Upon whom will I look, but upon him that is humble and quiet, and that trembles at my words?”772 772
Anf-01 viii.iv.cxxiii Pg 13
Isa. xlii. 1–4. As therefore from the one man Jacob, who was surnamed Israel, all your nation has been called Jacob and Israel; so we from Christ, who begat us unto God, like Jacob, and Israel, and Judah, and Joseph, and David, are called and are the true sons of God, and keep the commandments of Christ.”
Anf-01 viii.iv.cxxxv Pg 3
Isa. xlii. 1–4. Then is it Jacob the patriarch in whom the Gentiles and yourselves shall trust? or is it not Christ? As, therefore, Christ is the Israel and the Jacob, even so we, who have been quarried out from the bowels of Christ, are the true Israelitic race. But let us attend rather to the very word: ‘And I will bring forth,’ He says, ‘the seed out of Jacob, and out of Judah: and it shall inherit My holy mountain; and Mine Elect and My servants shall possess the inheritance, and shall dwell there; and there shall be folds of flocks in the thicket, and the valley of Achor shall be a resting-place of cattle for the people who have sought Me. But as for you, who forsake Me, and forget My holy mountain, and prepare a table for demons, and fill out drink for the demon, I shall give you to the sword. You shall all fall with a slaughter; for I called you, and you hearkened not, and did evil before me, and did choose that wherein I delighted not.’2472 2472
Anf-03 v.iv.vi.iv Pg 19
Isa. xlii. 4; 6. That we may have, therefore the assurance that we are the children of God, “He hath sent forth His Spirit into our hearts, crying, Abba, Father.”5339 5339
Anf-03 v.iv.vi.iv Pg 46
Isa. xlii. 4. —of that faith “which,” he says “worketh by love.”5364 5364
Anf-03 v.iv.vi.ii Pg 20
We have here an instance of the high authority of the Septuagint version. It comes from the Seventy: Καὶ ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνοματι αὐτοῦ ἔθνη ἐλπιοῦσιν (Isa. xlii. 4.) From this Tertullian, as usual, quoted it. But what is much more important, St. Matthew has adopted it; see chap. xii, ver. 21. This beautiful promise of the Creator does not occur in its well-known form in the Hebrew original. that is, in the name of Christ, to whom He says, “I have given thee as a light of the Gentiles.”5254 5254
Anf-03 v.viii.lix Pg 9
Isa. xlii. 4, Sept; quoted from the LXX. by Christ in Matt. xii. 21, and by St. Paul in Rom. xv. 12. and arm of the Lord, are we at all misled respecting the Gentile nations by the diversity of statement? Are some of them to turn believers, and are others accounted dust, from any difference of nature? Nay, rather Christ has shone as the true light on the nations within the ocean’s limits, and from the heaven which is over us all.7746 7746 An allusion to some conceits of the Valentinians, who put men of truest nature and fit for Christ’s grace outside of the ocean-bounded earth, etc. Why, it is even on this earth that the Valentinians have gone to school for their errors; and there will be no difference of condition, as respects their body and soul, between the nations which believe and those which do not believe. Precisely, then, as He has put a distinction of state, not of nature, amongst the same nations, so also has He discriminated their flesh, which is one and the same substance in those nations, not according to their material structure, but according to the recompense of their merit.
Anf-01 ix.vi.x Pg 5
Isa. xlii. 10, quoted from memory. And Jeremiah says: “Behold, I will make a new covenant, not as I made with your fathers”3903 3903
Anf-02 vi.ii.i Pg 22.1
Anf-03 iv.ix.iv Pg 9
I am not acquainted with any such passage. Oehler refers to Isa. xlix. in his margin, but gives no verse, and omits to notice this passage of the present treatise in his index. Thus, therefore, before this temporal sabbath, there was withal an eternal sabbath foreshown and foretold; just as before the carnal circumcision there was withal a spiritual circumcision foreshown. In short, let them teach us, as we have already premised, that Adam observed the sabbath; or that Abel, when offering to God a holy victim, pleased Him by a religious reverence for the sabbath; or that Enoch, when translated, had been a keeper of the sabbath; or that Noah the ark-builder observed, on account of the deluge, an immense sabbath; or that Abraham, in observance of the sabbath, offered Isaac his son; or that Melchizedek in his priesthood received the law of the sabbath.
Anf-01 viii.iv.xi Pg 3
According to the LXX, Isa. li. 4, 5. And by Jeremiah, concerning this same new covenant, He thus speaks: ‘Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, that I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah; not according to the covenant which I made with their fathers, in the day that I took them by the hand, to bring them out of the land of Egypt’1970 1970
Anf-02 vi.iv.v.vi Pg 12.3
Anf-01 viii.iv.xxvi Pg 4
Isa. lxii. 10 to end, Isa. lxiii. 1–6.
Anf-03 v.iv.v.xiii Pg 31
Isa. xlix. 12. Concerning whom He says again: “Lift up thine eyes round about, and behold, all these have gathered themselves together.”3933 3933
Anf-01 viii.iv.cxxxix Pg 3
Gen. ix. 24–27. Accordingly, as two peoples were blessed,—those from Shem, and those from Japheth,—and as the offspring of Shem were decreed first to possess the dwellings of Canaan, and the offspring of Japheth were predicted as in turn receiving the same possessions, and to the two peoples there was the one people of Canaan handed over for servants; so Christ has come according to the power given Him from the Almighty Father, and summoning men to friendship, and blessing, and repentance, and dwelling together, has promised, as has already been proved, that there shall be a future possession for all the saints in this same land. And hence all men everywhere, whether bond or free, who believe in Christ, and recognise the truth in His own words and those of His prophets, know that they shall be with Him in that land, and inherit everlasting and incorruptible good.
Anf-01 ix.iv.vi Pg 8
Gen. ix. 27.
Anf-01 viii.iv.xxxiv Pg 0
Anf-01 viii.iv.xxxiv Pg 2
Ps. lxxii. And at the close of this Psalm which I have quoted, it is written, ‘The hymns of David the son of Jesse are ended.’2034 2034 [A striking passage in De Maistre (Œuvres, vol. vi. p. 275) is worthy of comparison.] Moreover, that Solomon was a renowned and great king, by whom the temple called that at Jerusalem was built, I know; but that none of those things mentioned in the Psalm happened to him, is evident. For neither did all kings worship him; nor did he reign to the ends of the earth; nor did his enemies, falling before him, lick the dust. Nay, also, I venture to repeat what is written in the book of Kings as committed by him, how through a woman’s influence he worshipped the idols of Sidon, which those of the Gentiles who know God, the Maker of all things through Jesus the crucified, do not venture to do, but abide every torture and vengeance even to the extremity of death, rather than worship idols, or eat meat offered to idols.”
Anf-03 iv.ix.ix Pg 20
Ps. lxxii. 10, in LXX, and “Great Bible;” “Sheba and Seba,” Eng. ver. For the East, on the one hand, generally held the magi (to be) kings; and Damascus, on the other hand, used formerly to be reckoned to Arabia before it was transferred into Syrophœnicia on the division of the Syrias: the “power” whereof Christ then “received” in receiving its ensigns,—gold, to wit, and odours. “The spoils,” moreover, “of Samaria” (He received in receiving) the magi themselves, who, on recognising Him, and honouring Him with gifts, and adoring Him on bended knee as Lord and King, on the evidence of the guiding and indicating star, became “the spoils of Samaria,” that is, of idolatry—by believing, namely, on Christ. For (Scripture) denoted idolatry by the name of “Samaria,” Samaria being ignominious on the score of idolatry; for she had at that time revolted from God under King Jeroboam. For this, again, is no novelty to the Divine Scriptures, figuratively to use a transference of name grounded on parallelism of crimes. For it1266 1266 Strictly, Tertullian ought to have said “they call,” having above said “Divine scriptures;” as above on the preceding page. calls your rulers “rulers of Sodom,” and your people the “people of Gomorrha,”1267 1267
Anf-03 v.iv.iv.xiii Pg 24
Ps. lxxii. 10. For the East generally regarded the magi as kings; and Damascus was anciently deemed to belong to Arabia, before it was transferred to Syrophœnicia on the division of the Syrias (by Rome).3277 3277 See Otto’s Justin Martyr, ii. 273, n. 23. [See Vol. I. p. 238, supra.] Its riches Christ then received, when He received the tokens thereof in the gold and spices; while the spoils of Samaria were the magi themselves. These having discovered Him and honoured Him with their gifts, and on bended knee adored Him as their God and King, through the witness of the star which led their way and guided them, became the spoils of Samaria, that is to say, of idolatry, because, as it is easy enough to see,3278 3278 Videlicet. they believed in Christ. He designated idolatry under the name of Samaria, as that city was shameful for its idolatry, through which it had then revolted from God from the days of king Jeroboam. Nor is this an unusual manner for the Creator, (in His Scriptures3279 3279 The Creatori here answers to the Scripturis divinis of the parallel passage in adv. Judæos. Of course there is a special force in this use of the Creator’s name here against Marcion. ) figuratively to employ names of places as a metaphor derived from the analogy of their sins. Thus He calls the chief men of the Jews “rulers of Sodom,” and the nation itself “people of Gomorrah.”3280 3280
Npnf-201 iv.viii.xvii Pg 11
Anf-02 vi.iv.v.vi Pg 12.3
Anf-01 viii.iv.xxvi Pg 4
Isa. lxii. 10 to end, Isa. lxiii. 1–6.
Anf-01 viii.iv.cxv Pg 3
Zech. ii. 10–13, Zech. iii. 1, 2.
Anf-01 ii.ii.lv Pg 4
Esth. vii.; viii. .
Anf-02 vi.iii.i.ix Pg 43.1
Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge, Chapter 23VERSE (2) - Isa 41:1; 47:5 Ps 46:10 Hab 2:20
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