SEV Biblia, Chapter 11:39
Dice Jess: Quitad la piedra. Marta, la hermana del que se había muerto, le dice: Seor, hiede ya, que es de cuatro días.
Clarke's Bible Commentary - John 11:39
Verse 39. Take ye away the stone.] He desired to convince all those who were at the place, and especially those who took away the stone, that Lazarus was not only dead, but that putrescency had already taken place, that it might not be afterwards said that Lazarus had only fallen into a lethargy; but that the greatness of the miracle might be fully evinced. He stinketh] The body is in a state of putrefaction. The Greek word ozw signifies simply to smell, whether the scent be good or bad; but the circumstances of the case sufficiently show that the latter is its meaning here. Our translators might have omitted the uncouth term in the common text; but they chose literally to follow the Anglo-Saxon, (Anglo-Saxon), and it would be now useless to attempt any change, as the common reading would perpetually recur, and cause all attempts at mending to sound even worse than that in the text.
For he hath been dead four days.] tetartaiov gar esti, This is the fourth day, i.e. since his interment. Christ himself was buried on the same day on which he was crucified, see chap. xix. 42, and it is likely that Lazarus was buried also on the same day on which he died. See on ver. 17.
John Gill's Bible Commentary
Ver. 39. Jesus said, take ye away the stone , etc.] This was said either to the Jews, or rather to the servants that came along with Martha and Mary; and this he ordered, not to facilitate the resurrection, or merely in order to make way for Lazarus: he that could command him to come forth, could have commanded away the stone, but he chose to have it removed this way, that the corpse might be seen, and even smelt; and that it might be manifest, there was no fallacy, nor any intrigue between him, and the sisters of the deceased in this matter: this order was contrary to a rule of the Jews, which forbid the opening of a grave after it was stopped up f515 ; but a greater than the fathers of the traditions was here, even he who has the keys of hell, or the grave, and can open, or order it to be opened, when he pleases: Martha the sister of him that was dead : that is, of Lazarus, as the Persic version expresses it, calling him, Gazarus, saith unto him, Lord, by this time he stinketh ; or smells; not that she perceived this upon their moving the stone, but she concluded it from the time he had been dead, and had lain in the grave, in which dead bodies usually putrefy and smell: whether she said this out of respect to her brother, being unwilling he should be exposed to the view of persons, in such a state of corruption, she knew he must now be; or whether out of respect to Christ, lest he should be disordered with the offensive smell, is not certain: however, it seems as if she had no notion that Christ was about to raise her brother from the dead; and that the stone was commanded to be removed for that purpose, not merely for a sight of the dead, but that the dead might be seen to come forth alive: she imagined that Christ only wanted to have the stone removed, that he might have a sight of his deceased friend, which she thought would be very disagreeable and nauseous; so soon had she forgot what Christ had said to her, and lost that little exercise she had of faith and hope, with respect to the resurrection of her brother. Frames of soul, and acts of grace, are very changeable, and uncertain things; and especially when carnal reasoning is indulged. For he hath been [dead] four days ; he had been so long in the grave, ( John 11:17). The word dead is not in the text; he might have been dead longer; though the Jews usually buried on the same day a person died: however, the sense is here, he had been so long in the grave; and so the Persic version renders it, for it is the fourth day that he has been in the grave; in the original text it is, he is one of four days; so many days he had been in the house appointed for all living; so long he had been removed from the sight of men, and had been in another world, and had begun another era, and four days had passed in it; he was so many days old according to that: so that his countenance was changed, he was not fit to be seen, nor approached unto; nor was there any hope of his returning to life. The Jews say, that for three days the soul goes to the grave, thinking the body may return; but when it sees the figure of the face changed, it goes away, and leaves it, as it is said, ( Job 14:22).
So of Jonahs being three days and three nights in the whales belly, they say f517 , these are the three days a man is in the grave, and his bowels burst; and after three days that defilement is turned upon his face.
Hence, they do not allow anyone to bear witness of one that is dead or killed, that he is such an one, after three days, because then his countenance is changed f518 , and he cannot be well known.
Matthew Henry Commentary
Verses 33-46 - Christ's tender sympathy with these afflicted friends, appeared by the troubles of his spirit. In all the afflictions of believers he is afflicted. His concern for them was shown by his kind inquiry after the remains of his deceased friend. Being found in fashion as a man, he acts in the way and manner of the sons of men. It was shown by his tears. He was a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief. Tears of compassion resemble those of Christ. But Christ never approved tha sensibility of which many are proud, while they weep at mere tales of distress, but are hardened to real woe. He sets us an example to withdraw from scenes of giddy mirth, that we may comfort the afflicted And we have not a High Priest who cannot be touched with a feeling of our infirmities. It is a good step toward raising a soul to spiritual life, when the stone is taken away, when prejudices are removed, an got over, and way is made for the word to enter the heart. If we tak Christ's word, and rely on his power and faithfulness, we shall see the glory of God, and be happy in the sight. Our Lord Jesus has taught us by his own example, to call God Father, in prayer, and to draw nigh to him as children to a father, with humble reverence, yet with holy boldness. He openly made this address to God, with uplifted eyes an loud voice, that they might be convinced the Father had sent him as his beloved Son into the world. He could have raised Lazarus by the silen exertion of his power and will, and the unseen working of the Spirit of life; but he did it by a loud call. This was a figure of the gospe call, by which dead souls are brought out of the grave of sin: and of the sound of the archangel's trumpet at the last day, with which all that sleep in the dust shall be awakened, and summoned before the grea tribunal. The grave of sin and this world, is no place for those who Christ has quickened; they must come forth. Lazarus was thoroughl revived, and returned not only to life, but to health. The sinne cannot quicken his own soul, but he is to use the means of grace; the believer cannot sanctify himself, but he is to lay aside every weigh and hinderance. We cannot convert our relatives and friends, but we should instruct, warn, and invite them.
Greek Textus Receptus
λεγει 3004 5719 V-PAI-3S ο 3588 T-NSM ιησους 2424 N-NSM αρατε 142 5657 V-AAM-2P τον 3588 T-ASM λιθον 3037 N-ASM λεγει 3004 5719 V-PAI-3S αυτω 846 P-DSM η 3588 T-NSF αδελφη 79 N-NSF του 3588 T-GSM τεθνηκοτος 2348 5761 V-RAP-GSM μαρθα 3136 N-NSF κυριε 2962 N-VSM ηδη 2235 ADV οζει 3605 5719 V-PAI-3S τεταρταιος 5066 A-NSM γαρ 1063 CONJ εστιν 2076 5748 V-PXI-3S
