SEV Biblia, Chapter 13:52
Y l les dijo: Por eso todo escriba docto en el Reino de los cielos, es semejante a un padre de familia, que saca de su tesoro cosas nuevas y cosas viejas.
Clarke's Bible Commentary - Matthew 13:52
Verse 52. Every scribe] Minister of Christ: who is instructed-taught of God; in the kingdom of heaven-in the mysteries of the Gospel of Christ: out of his treasury-his granary or store-house; things new and old-a Jewish phrase for great plenty. A small degree of knowledge is not sufficient for a preacher of the Gospel. The sacred writings should be his treasure, and he should properly understand them. His knowledge does not consist in being furnished with a great variety of human learning, (though of this he should acquire as much as he can;) but his knowledge consists in being well instructed in the things concerning the kingdom of heaven, and the art of conducting men thither. Again, it is not enough for a man to have these advantages in possession: he must bring them forth, and distribute them abroad. A good pastor will not, like a miser, keep these things to himself to please his fancy; nor, like a merchant, traffic with them, to enrich himself; but, like a bountiful father or householder, distribute them with a liberal through judicious hand, for the comfort and support of the whole heavenly family. A preacher whose mind is well stored with Divine truths, and who has a sound judgment, will suit his discourses to the circumstances and states of his hearers. He who preaches the same sermon to every congregation, gives the fullest proof that, however well he may speak, he is not a scribe who is instructed in the kingdom of heaven. Some have thought that old and new things here, which imply the produce of the past and the produce of the present year, may also refer to the old and new covenants-a proper knowledge of the Old Testament Scriptures, and of the doctrines of Christ as contained in the New. No man can properly understand the Old Testament but through the medium of the New, nor can the New be so forcibly or successfully applied to the conscience of a sinner as through the medium of the Old. The law is still a schoolmaster to lead men to Christ-by it is the knowledge of sin, and, without it, there can be no conviction] where it ends, the Gospel begins, as by the Gospel alone is salvation from sin. See the whole of the comment on the Pentateuch.
John Gill's Bible Commentary
Ver. 52. Then said he unto them , etc.] Since the disciples had such a clear understanding of the above parables, and were by them, and by other things, so well furnished to preach the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven to others, Christ stirs them up by the following parable, to a diligent exercise of their gifts, and to a large, free, and cheerful communication of their knowledge to others. Therefore every Scribe ; meaning not legal ones, Scribes in the law of Moses, a sort of letter men, often mentioned by the evangelists, and the same with the lawyers, who were conversant with the letter of the law, and only understood that; as for the kingdom of heaven, they were so far from being instructed unto it, that they shut it up, and would neither go in themselves, nor suffer others; but evangelical Scribes are here meant, (see Matthew 23:34) the preachers of the everlasting Gospel, now everyone of these, which is instructed unto the kingdom of heaven , as each of them be more or less; that is, understands the nature of the Gospel church state, the discipline, laws, and rules of Christs house, the doctrines of the Gospel, the way and things pertaining to the kingdom of heaven; as Christ and his righteousness, and the regenerating and sanctifying grace of the Spirit: such an one, is like unto a man that is an householder ; that has an household or family under his care, as the ministers of the Gospel have, and which is the church of God; called the household of God, the household of faith, a spiritual house, and a family; consisting of fathers, young men, and children; of which indeed Christ is properly the householder and master, but Gospel ministers are deputies and stewards under him, and under him preside over the household, and have the government of it, provide food for it, and protect and defend it; all which require large gifts and abilities, great love and affection, both to Christ and his people; much wisdom, prudence, and knowledge; and great faithfulness and integrity, courage and firmness of mind. Which bringeth forth out of his treasure, things new and old : by his treasure is meant, either Christ, who is the great treasury and storehouse of grace and truth; from whence his ministers receive all their gifts, grace, light, and knowledge; or the word of God, the Scriptures of truth, by which the men of God are thoroughly furnished for every good work; or the treasure of the Gospel, which is put into their earthen vessels, into their own hearts, and that stock of Gospel knowledge and experience they are blessed with; a large competency of which is necessary to these householders since they are to give out, not niggardly, but largely, and plentifully, and in great variety. The Syriac version reads it, htmys m , out of his treasures, and so may include them all. Things new and old: not the new Gospel and the old law, for the law is not old, nor the Gospel new; the Gospel is much older than the law, being hid of God, and ordained before the world was, to our glory; and was even promulgated, long before the law was on Mount Sinai: nor things out of the Old and New Testament, for the New Testament was not yet in being; though it is right, and is the business of Gospel preachers, to bring forth such truths and doctrines, as are contained in both: rather truths that are old in themselves, but newly discovered to them, may be intended, and every new acquisition of knowledge and experience, added to the former stock and fund: the phrase seems to denote the plenty and variety of Gospel provisions, which the ministers of it are to bring forth, suited to the various cases of such who are under their care. The allusion is either to a good provider for his family, who lays up stores for them of all sorts, and upon proper occasions brings them forth for their relief; or to the people under the law, bringing their offerings out of the fruits, both of the old and new year; concerning which, take the following rule f809 . All offerings, both of the congregation and of a private person, came from the land (of Israel), and without the land, yh mw djh m , from the new and from the old (i.e. from the new and old stock, the increase of the new and old year), except the sheaf of the first fruits, and the two wave loaves; for they come only from the new, and from the land of Israel.
The place where fruits of any kind were laid up, was called a treasure; hence it is said f810 , the palm tree has its fallen fruits, which they do not bring rxwal , into the treasure; and it produces dates, which they put into the treasure: perhaps some reference is had to ( Song of Solomon 7:13) where mention is made of fruits new and old, and which the Jewish writers interpret of the words of the Scribes, and of the words of the law; the fruits new, are the words and sayings of the Scribes, their doctrines and decisions; and the old, are the words of the law; and one that was well versed in both these; was with them a well instructed Scribe.
Unless the allusion should rather be thought to be to old and new wine, (see Luke 5:37-39), it being usual to call a wine cellar a treasure f812 , in which all sorts of wine were kept; and a well instructed Scribe is full of matter, and, like Elihu, his belly is as wine that has no vent and is ready to burst like new bottles, ( Job 32:19) and, like Jeremy, he is weary of forbearing, and cannot stay, ( Jeremiah 20:9) and, like David, his heart indites a good matter, and his tongue is as the pen of a ready writer, ( Psalm 45:1).
Matthew Henry Commentary
Verses 44-52 - Here are four parables. 1. That of the treasure hid in the field. Man slight the gospel, because they look only upon the surface of the field. But all who search the Scriptures, so as in them to find Chris and eternal life, Joh 5:39, will discover such treasure in this fiel as makes it unspeakably valuable; they make it their own upon an terms. Though nothing can be given as a price for this salvation, ye much must be given up for the sake of it. 2. All the children of me are busy; one would be rich, another would be honourable, another woul be learned; but most are deceived, and take up with counterfeits for pearls. Jesus Christ is a Pearl of great price; in having him, we have enough to make us happy here and for ever. A man may buy gold too dear but not this Pearl of great price. When the convinced sinner see Christ as the gracious Saviour, all things else become worthless to his thoughts. 3. The world is a vast sea, and men, in their natural state are like the fishes. Preaching the gospel is casting a net into thi sea, to catch something out of it, for His glory who has the sovereignty of this sea. Hypocrites and true Christians shall be parted: miserable is the condition of those that shall then be cas away. 4. A skilful, faithful minister of the gospel, is a scribe, wel versed in the things of the gospel, and able to teach them. Chris compares him to a good householder, who brings forth fruits of las year's growth and this year's gathering, abundance and variety, to entertain his friends. Old experiences and new observations, all have their use. Our place is at Christ's feet, and we must daily learn ol lessons over again, and new ones also.
Greek Textus Receptus
ο 3588 T-NSM δε 1161 CONJ ειπεν 2036 5627 V-2AAI-3S αυτοις 846 P-DPM δια 1223 PREP τουτο 5124 D-ASN πας 3956 A-NSM γραμματευς 1122 N-NSM μαθητευθεις 3100 5685 V-APP-NSM εις 1519 PREP την 3588 T-ASF βασιλειαν 932 N-ASF των 3588 T-GPM ουρανων 3772 N-GPM ομοιος 3664 A-NSM εστιν 2076 5748 V-PXI-3S ανθρωπω 444 N-DSM οικοδεσποτη 3617 N-DSM οστις 3748 R-NSM εκβαλλει 1544 5719 V-PAI-3S εκ 1537 PREP του 3588 T-GSM θησαυρου 2344 N-GSM αυτου 846 P-GSM καινα 2537 A-APN και 2532 CONJ παλαια 3820 A-APN
Vincent's NT Word Studies
52. Which is instructed unto the kingdom of heaven. Instructed maqhteuqeiv. Rev., who hath been made a disciple to the kingdom, etc. The kingdom of heaven is personified. The disciples of Christ are disciples of that kingdom of which he is the representative.Which (ostiv). The pronoun marks the householder as belonging to a class and exhibiting the characteristic of the class: a householder - one of those who bring forth, etc.
Bringeth forth (ekballei). Lit., flingeth forth. See on xii. 35. Indicating his zeal in communicating instruction and the fulness out of which he speaks.
Robertson's NT Word Studies
13:52 {Made a disciple to the kingdom of heaven} (maqeteuqeis tei basileiai twn ouranwn). First aorist passive participle. The verb is transitive in #28:19. Here a scribe is made a learner to the kingdom. "The mere scribe, Rabbinical in spirit, produces only the old and stale. The disciple of the kingdom like the Master, is always fresh-minded, yet knows how to value all old spiritual treasures of Holy Writ, or Christian tradition" (Bruce). So he uses things fresh (kaina) and ancient (palaia). "He hurls forth" (ekballei) both sorts.
