Vincent's NT Word Studies
1. Pressed (epikeisqai). Lit., were laid upon.To hear. The A.V. is correct according to the reading tou ajkouein, which it follows. The true reading is kai ajkouein, and heard. So Rev.
He stood (autov hn estwv). The pronoun distinguishes him from the crowd which pressed upon him: he on his part stood. Render the participle and finite verb as Rev., was standing.
Lake (limnhn). An illustration of the more classical style of Luke as compared with Matthew and Mark. They and John also use qalassa, sea. See on Matt. iv. 18.
Robertson's NT Word Studies
5:1 {Pressed upon him} (epikeisqai). Luke in this paragraph (#5:1-11; Mr 1:16-20; Mt 4:18-22) does not follow the chronology of Mark as he usually does. It seems reasonably clear that the renewed call of the four fishermen came before the first tour of Galilee in #Lu 4:42-44. It is here assumed that Luke is describing in his own way the incident given in Mark and Matthew above. Luke singles out Simon in a graphic way. this verb epikeisqai is an old one and means to lie upon, rest upon as of a stone on the tomb (#Joh 11:38) or of fish on the burning coals (#Joh 21:9). So it is used of a storm (#Ac 27:20) and of the urgent demands for Christ's crucifixion (#Lu 23:23). Here it vividly pictures the eager crowds around Jesus. en twi epikeisqai is a favorite idiom with Luke as we have already seen, en with the articular infinitive in the locative case. {That} (kai). kai does not technically mean the declarative conjunction "that," but it is a fair rendering of the somewhat awkward idiom of Luke to a certain extent imitating the Hebrew use of _wav_. {Was standing} (en hestws). Periphrastic second past perfect of histemi which here is equal to a practical imperfect. {By the lake} (para ten limnen). The use of the accusative with para, alongside, after a verb of rest used to be called the pregnant use, came and was standing. But that is no longer necessary, for the accusative as the case of extension is the oldest of the cases and in later Greek regains many of the earlier uses of the other cases employed for more precise distinctions. See the same idiom in verse #2. We need not here stress the notion of extension. "With characteristic accuracy Luke never calls it a sea, while the others never call it a lake" (Plummer).