Vincent's NT Word Studies
48. He saw (idwn). Participle. Rev., seeing. Better, however, the literal having seen. It was this which induced him to go to them.Toiling (basanizomenouv). Lit., tormented. Rev., distressed. See on Matt. iv. 24. Wyc., travailing. Tynd., troubled.
Fourth watch. Between 3 and 6 A.M.
Would have passed by them. Peculiar to Mark.
Robertson's NT Word Studies
6:48 {Seeing them distressed in rowing} (idwn autous basanizomenous en twi elaunein). See also #Mt 8:29 for the word basanizw, to torture, torment (#Mt 4:24) with a touch-stone, qen to distress as here. Papyri have dia basanwn used on slaves like our third degree for criminals. elaunein is literally to drive as of ships or chariots. They drove the boat with oars. Common in Xenophon for marching. {About the fourth watch of the night} (peri tetarten fulaken tes nuktos). That is, between three and six A.M. The wind was {contrary to them} (enantios autois), that is in their faces and rowing was difficult, "a great wind" (#Joh 6:18), and as a result the disciples had made little progress. They should have been over long before this . {And he would have passed by them} (kai eqelen parelqein autous). Only in Mark. He wished to pass by them, _praeterire eos_ (Vulgate). Imperfect tense eqelen. {They thought} (edoxan). A natural conclusion. {And cried out} (anekraxan). {Cried up}, literally, a shriek of terror, or scream.