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Socrates & Sozomenus Ecclesiastical Histories
The Ecclesiastical History of Socrates Scholasticus.
Title Page.
Prefatory Note.
Introduction.
Section I
Life of Socrates.
Socrates' Ecclesiastical History.
History of Socrates' Work.
Book I
Chapter I
By what Means the Emperor Constantine became a Christian.
While Constantine favors the Christians, Licinius, his Colleague, persecutes them.
War arises between Constantine and Licinius on Account of the Christians.
The Dispute of Arius with Alexander, his Bishop.
Division begins in the Church from this Controversy; and Alexander Bishop of Alexandria excommunicates Arius and his Adherents.
The Emperor Constantine being grieved at the Disturbance of the Churches, sends Hosius the Spaniard to Alexandria, exhorting the Bishop and Arius to Reconciliation and Unity.
Of the Synod which was held at Nicæa in Bithynia, and the Creed there put forth.
The Letter of the Synod, relative to its Decisions: and the Condemnation of Arius and those who agreed with him.
The Emperor also summons to the Synod Acesius, Bishop of the Novatians.
Of the Bishop Paphnutius.
Of Spyridon, Bishop of the Cypriots.
Of Eutychian the Monk.
Eusebius Bishop of Nicomedia, and Theognis Bishop of Nicæa, who had been banished for agreeing in Opinion with Arius, having published their Recantation, and assented to the Creed, are reinstated in their Sees.
After the Synod, on the Death of Alexander, Athanasius is constituted Bishop of Alexandria.
The Emperor Constantine having enlarged the Ancient Byzantium, calls it Constantinople.
The Emperor's Mother Helena having come to Jerusalem, searches for and finds the Cross of Christ, and builds a Church.
The Emperor Constantine abolishes Paganism and erects many Churches in Different Places.
In what Manner the Nations in the Interior of India were Christianized in the Times of Constantine.
In what Manner the Iberians were converted to Christianity.
Of Anthony the Monk.
Manes, the Founder of the Manichæan Heresy, and on his Origin.
Eusebius Bishop of Nicomedia, and Theognis Bishop of Nicæa, having recovered Confidence, endeavor to subvert the Nicene Creed, by plotting against Athanasius.
Of the Synod held at Antioch, which deposed Eustathius, Bishop of Antioch, on whose account a Sedition broke out and almost ruined the City.
Of the Presbyter who exerted himself for the Recall of Arius.
Arius, on being recalled, presents a Recantation to the Emperor, and pretends to accept the Nicene Creed.
Arius having returned to Alexandria with the Emperor's Consent, and not being received by Athanasius, the Partisans of Eusebius bring Many Charges against Athanasius before the Emperor.
On Account of the Charges against Athanasius, the Emperor convokes a Synod of Bishops at Tyre.
Of Arsenius, and his Hand which was said to have been cut off.
Athanasius is found Innocent of what he was accused; his Accusers take to Flight.
When the Bishops will not listen to Athanasius' Defense on the Second Charge, he betakes himself to the Emperor.
On the Departure of Athanasius, those who composed the Synod vote his Deposition.
The Members of the Synod proceed from Tyre to Jerusalem, and having celebrated the Dedication of the 'New Jerusalem,' receive Arius and his Followers into Communion.
The Emperor summons the Synod to himself by Letter, in order that the Charges against Athanasius might be carefully examined before him.
The Synod not having come to the Emperor, the Partisans of Eusebius accuse Athanasius of having threatened to divert the Corn supplied to Constantinople from Alexandria: the Emperor being exasperated at this banishes Athanasius into Gaul.
Of Marcellus Bishop of Ancyra, and Asterius the Sophist.
After the Banishment of Athanasius, Arius having been sent for by the Emperor, raises a Disturbance against Alexander Bishop of Constantinople.
The Death of Arius.
The Emperor falls sick and dies.
The Funeral of the Emperor Constantine.
Book II
Chapter I
Eusebius, Bishop of Nicomedia, and his Party, by again endeavoring to introduce the Arian Heresy, create Disturbances in the Churches.
Athanasius, encouraged by the Letter of Constantine the Younger, returns to Alexandria.
On the Death of Eusebius Pamphilus, Acacius succeeds to the Bishopric of Cæsarea.
The Death of Constantine the Younger.
Alexander, Bishop of Constantinople, when at the Point of Death proposes the Election either of Paul or of Macedonius as his Successor.
The Emperor Constantius ejects Paul after his Election to the Bishopric, and sending for Eusebius of Nicomedia, invests him with the Bishopric of Constantinople.
Eusebius having convened Another Synod at Antioch in Syria, causes a New Creed to be promulgated.
Of Eusebius of Emisa.
The Bishops assembled at Antioch, on the Refusal of Eusebius of Emisa to accept the Bishopric of Alexandria, ordain Gregory, and change the Language of the Nicene Creed.
On the Arrival of Gregory at Alexandria, tended by a Military Escort, Athanasius flees.
The People of Constantinople restore Paul to his See after the Death of Eusebius, while the Arians elect Macedonius.
Paul is again ejected from the Church by Constantius, in consequence of the Slaughter of Hermogenes, his General.
The Arians remove Gregory from the See of Alexandria, and appoint George in his Place.
Athanasius and Paul going to Rome, and having obtained Letters from Bishop Julius, recover their respective Dioceses.
The Emperor Constantius, through an Order to Philip the Prætorian Prefect, secures the Exile of Paul, and the Installation of Macedonius in his See.
Athanasius, intimidated by the Emperor's Threats, returns to Rome again.
The Emperor of the West requests his Brother to send him Three Persons who could give an Account of the Deposition of Athanasius and Paul. Those who are sent publish Another Form of the Creed.
Of the Creed sent by the Eastern Bishops to those in Italy, called the Lengthy Creed.
Of the Council at Sardica.
Defense of Eusebius Pamphilus.
The Council of Sardica restores Paul and Athanasius to their Sees; and on the Eastern Emperor's Refusal to admit them, the Emperor of the West threatens him with War.
Constantius, being Afraid of his Brother's Threats, recalls Athanasius by Letter, and sends him to Alexandria.
Athanasius, passing through Jerusalem on his Return to Alexandria, is received into Communion by Maximus: and a Synod of Bishops, convened in that City, confirms the Nicene Creed.
Of the Usurpers Magnentius and Vetranio.
After the Death of Constans, the Western Emperor, Paul and Athanasius are again ejected from their Sees: the Former on his Way into Exile is slain; but the Latter escapes by Flight.
Macedonius having possessed himself of the See of Constantinople inflicts much Injury on those who differ from him.
Athanasius' Account of the Deeds of Violence committed at Alexandria by George the Arian.
Of the Heresiarch Photinus.
Creeds published at Sirmium in Presence of the Emperor Constantius.
Of Hosius, Bishop of Cordova.
Overthrow of the Usurper Magnentius.
Of the Jews inhabiting Dio-Cæsarea in Palestine.
Of Gallus Cæsar.
Of Aëtius the Syrian, Teacher of Eunomius.
Of the Synod at Milan.
Of the Synod at Ariminum, and the Creed there published.
Cruelty of Macedonius, and Tumults raised by him.
Of the Synod at Seleucia, in Isauria.
Acacius, Bishop of Cæsarea, dictates a new Form of Creed in the Synod at Seleucia.
On the Emperor's Return from the West, the Acacians assemble at Constantinople, and confirm the Creed of Ariminum, after making Some Additions to it.
On the Deposition of Macedonius, Eudoxius obtains the Bishopric of Constantinople.
Of Eustathius Bishop of Sebastia.
Of Meletius Bishop of Antioch.
The Heresy of Macedonius.
Of the Apollinarians, and their Heresy.
Successes of Julian; Death of the Emperor Constantius.
Book III
Chapter I
Of the Sedition excited at Alexandria, and how George was slain.
The Emperor Indignant at the Murder of George, rebukes the Alexandrians by Letter.
On the Death of George, Athanasius returns to Alexandria, and takes Possession of his See.
Of Lucifer and Eusebius.
Lucifer goes to Antioch and consecrates Paulinus.
By the Co-operation of Eusebius and Athanasius a Synod is held at Alexandria, wherein the Trinity is declared to be Consubstantial.
Quotations from Athanasius' 'Defense of his Flight.'
After the Synod of Alexandria, Eusebius proceeding to Antioch finds the Catholics at Variance on Account of Paulinus' Consecration; and having exerted himself in vain to reconcile them, he departs; Indignation of Lucifer and Origin of a Sect called after him.
Of Hilary Bishop of Poictiers.
The Emperor Julian extracts Money from the Christians.
Of Maris Bishop of Chalcedon; Julian forbids Christians from entering Literary Pursuits.
Of the Outrages committed by the Pagans against the Christians.
Flight of Athanasius.
Martyrs at Merum in Phrygia, under Julian.
Of the Literary Labors of the Two Apollinares and the Emperor's Prohibition of Christians being instructed in Greek Literature.
The Emperor preparing an Expedition against the Persians, arrives at Antioch, and being ridiculed by the Inhabitants, he retorts on them by a Satirical Publication entitled 'Misopogon, or the Beard-Hater.'
The Emperor consulting an Oracle, the Demon gives no Response, being awed by the Nearness of Babylas the Martyr.
Wrath of the Emperor, and Firmness of Theodore the Confessor.
The Jews instigated by the Emperor attempt to rebuild their Temple, and are frustrated in their Attempt by Miraculous Interposition.
The Emperor's Invasion of Persia, and Death.
Jovian is proclaimed Emperor.
Refutation of what Libanius the Sophist said concerning Julian.
The Bishops flock around Jovian, each attempting to draw him to his own Creed.
The Macedonians and Acacians meet at Antioch, and proclaim their Assent to the Nicene Creed.
Death of the Emperor Jovian.
Book IV
Chapter I
Valentinian goes into the West; Valens remains at Constantinople, and grants the Request of the Macedonians to hold a Synod, but persecutes the Adherents of the 'Homoousion.'
While Valens persecutes the Orthodox Christians in the East, a Usurper arises at Constantinople named Procopius: and at the Same Time an Earthquake and Inundation take Place and injure Several Cities.
The Macedonians hold a Synod at Lampsacus, during a Period of Both Secular and Ecclesiastical Agitation; and after confirming the Antiochian Creed, and anathematizing that promulgated at Ariminum, they again ratify the Deposition of Acacius and Eudoxius.
Engagement between Valens and Procopius near Nacolia in Phrygia; after which the Usurper is betrayed by his Chief Officers, and with them put to Death.
After the Death of Procopius Valens constrains those who composed the Synod, and All Christians, to profess Arianism.
Eunomius supersedes Eleusius the Macedonian in the See of Cyzicus, His Origin and Imitation of Aëtius, whose Amanuensis he had been.
Of the Oracle found inscribed an a Stone, when the Walls of Chalcedon were demolished by Order of the Emperor Valens.
Valens persecutes the Novatians, because they accepted the Orthodox Faith.
Birth of Valentinian the Younger.
Hail of Extraordinary Size; and Earthquakes in Bithynia and the Hellespont.
The Macedonians, pressed by the Emperor's Violence toward them, send a Deputation to Liberius Bishop of Rome, and subscribe the Nicene Creed.
Eunomius separates from Eudoxius; a Disturbance is raised at Alexandria by Eudoxius, and Athanasius flees into Voluntary Exile again, but in Consequence of the Clamors of the People the Emperor recalls and re-establishes him in his See.
The Arians ordain Demophilus after the Death of Eudoxius at Constantinople; but the Orthodox Party constitute Evagrius his Successor.
The Emperor banishes Evagrius and Eustathius. The Arians persecute the Orthodox.
Certain Presbyters burnt in a Ship by Order of Valens. Famine in Phrygia.
The Emperor Valens, while at Antioch, again persecutes the Adherents of the 'Homoousion.'
Events at Edessa: Constancy of the Devout Citizens, and Courage of a Pious Woman.
Slaughter of Many Persons by Valens an Account of their Names, in Consequence of a Heathen Prediction.
Death of Athanasius, and Elevation of Peter to His See.
The Arians are allowed by the Emperor to imprison Peter and to set Lucius over the See of Alexandria.
Silence of Sabinus on the Misdeeds of the Arians; Flight of Peter to Rome; Massacre of the Solitaries at the Instigation of the Arians.
The Deeds of Some Holy Persons who devoted themselves to a Solitary Life.
Assault upon the Monks, and Banishment of their Superiors, who exhibit Miraculous Power.
Of Didymus the Blind Man.
Of Basil of Cæsarea, and Gregory of Nazianzus.
Of Gregory Thaumaturgus (the Wonder-Worker).
Of Novatus and his Followers. The Novatians of Phrygia alter the Time of keeping Easter, following Jewish Usage.
Damasus ordained Bishop of Rome. Sedition and Loss of Life caused by the Rivalry of Ursinus.
Dissension about a Successor to Auxentius, Bishop of Milan. Ambrose, Governor of the Province, going to appease the Tumult, is by General Consent and with the Approval of the Emperor Valentinian elected to the Bishopric of that Church.
Death of Valentinian.
The Emperor Valens, appeased by the Oration of Themistius the Philosopher, abates his Persecution of the Christians.
The Goths, under the Reign of Valens, embrace Christianity.
Admission of the Fugitive Goths into the Roman Territories, which caused the Emperor's Overthrow, and eventually the Ruin of the Roman Empire.
Abatement of Persecution against the Christians because of the War with the Goths.
The Saracens, under Mavia their Queen, embrace Christianity; and Moses, a Pious Monk, is consecrated their Bishop.
After the Departure of Valens from Antioch, the Alexandrians expel Lucius, and restore Peter, who had come with Letters from Damasus Bishop of Rome.
The Emperor Valens is ridiculed by the People on Account of the Goths; undertakes an Expedition against them and is slain in an Engagement near Adrianople.
Book V
Introduction.
Chapter I
The Emperor Gratian recalls the Orthodox Bishops, and expels the Heretics from the Churches. He takes Theodosius as his Colleague in the Empire.
The Principal Bishops who flourished at that Time.
The Macedonians, who had subscribed the 'Homoousian' Doctrine, return to their Former Error.
Events at Antioch in Connection with Paulinus and Meletius.
Gregory of Nazianzus is transferred to the See of Constantinople. The Emperor Theodosius falling Sick at Thessalonica, after his Victory over the Barbarians, is there baptized by Ascholius the Bishop.
Gregory, finding Some Dissatisfaction about his Appointment, abdicates the Episcopate of Constantinople. The Emperor orders Demophilus the Arian Bishop either to assent to the 'Homoousion,' or leave the City. He chooses the Latter.
A Synod consisting of One Hundred and Fifty Bishops meets at Constantinople. The Decrees passed. Ordination of Nectarius.
The Body of Paul, Bishop of Constantinople, is honorably transferred from his Place of Exile. Death of Meletius.
The Emperor orders a Convention composed of All the Various Sects. Arcadius is proclaimed Augustus. The Novatians permitted to hold their Assemblies in the City of Constantinople: Other Heretics driven out.
The Emperor Gratian is slain by the Treachery of the Usurper Maximus. From Fear of him Justina ceases persecuting Ambrose.
While the Emperor Theodosius is engaged in Military Preparations against Maximus, his Son Honorius is born. He then proceeds to Milan in Order to encounter the Usurper.
The Arians excite a Tumult at Constantinople.
Overthrow and Death of the Usurper Maximus.
Of Flavian Bishop of Antioch.
Demolition of the Idolatrous Temples at Alexandria, and the Consequent Conflict between the Pagans and Christians.
Of the Hieroglyphics found in the Temple of Serapis.
Reformation of Abuses at Rome by the Emperor Theodosius.
Of the Office of Penitentiary Presbyters and its Abolition.
Divisions among the Arians and Other Heretics.
Peculiar Schism among the Novatians.
The Author's Views respecting the Celebration of Easter, Baptism, Fasting, Marriage, the Eucharist, and Other Ecclesiastical Rites.
Further Dissensions among the Arians at Constantinople. The Psathyrians.
The Eunomians divide into Several Factions.
The Usurper Eugenius compasses the Death of Valentinian the Younger. Theodosius obtains a Victory over him.
Illness and Death of Theodosius the Elder.
Book VI
Introduction.
Chapter I
Death of Nectarius and Ordination of John.
Birth and Education of John Bishop of Constantinople.
Of Serapion the Deacon on whose Account John becomes Odious to his Clergy.
John draws down upon Himself the Displeasure of Many Persons of Rank and Power. Of the Eunuch Eutropius.
Gaïnas the Goth attempts to usurp the Sovereign Power; after filling Constantinople with Disorder, he is slain.
Dissension between Theophilus Bishop of Alexandria and the Monks of the Desert. Condemnation of Origen's Books.
The Arians and the Supporters of the 'Homoousion' hold Nocturnal Assemblies and sing Antiphonal Hymns, a Species of Composition ascribed to Ignatius, surnamed Theophorus. Conflict between the Two Parties.
Dispute between Theophilus and Peter leading to an Attempt on the Part of the Former to depose John Bishop of Constantinople.
Epiphanius Bishop of Cyprus convenes a Synod to condemn the Books of Origen.
Of Severian and Antiochus: their Disagreement from John.
Epiphanius, in order to gratify Theophilus, performs Ordinations at Constantinople without John's Permission.
The Author's Defence of Origen.
Epiphanius is asked to meet John; on refusing he is admonished concerning his Anticanonical Proceedings; alarmed at this he leaves Constantinople.
John is expelled from his Church by a Synod held at Chalcedon on account of his Dispraise of Women.
Sedition on Account of John Chrysostom's Banishment. He is recalled.
Conflict between the Constantinopolitans and Alexandrians on Account of Heraclides; Flight of Theophilus and the Bishops of his Party.
Of Eudoxia's Silver Statue. On account of it John is exiled a Second Time.
Ordination of Arsacius as John's Successor. Indisposition of Cyrinus Bishop of Chalcedon.
Death of Arsacius, and Ordination of Atticus.
John dies in Exile.
Of Sisinnius Bishop of the Novatians. His Readiness at Repartee.
Death of the Emperor Arcadius.
Book VII
Chapter I
Character and Conduct of Atticus Bishop of Constantinople.
Of Theodosius and Agapetus Bishops of Synada.
A Paralytic Jew healed by Atticus in Baptism.
The Presbyter Sabbatius, formerly a Jew, separates from the Novatians.
The Leaders of Arianism at this Time.
Cyril succeeds Theophilus Bishop of Alexandria.
Propagation of Christianity among the Persians by Maruthas Bishop of Mesopotamia.
The Bishops of Antioch and Rome.
Rome taken and sacked by Alaric.
The Bishops of Rome.
Of Chrysanthus Bishop of the Novatians at Constantinople.
Conflict between the Christians and Jews at Alexandria: and breach between the Bishop Cyril and the Prefect Orestes.
The Monks of Nitria come down and raise a Sedition against the Prefect of Alexandria.
Of Hypatia the Female Philosopher.
The Jews commit Another Outrage upon the Christians and are punished.
Miracle performed by Paul Bishop of the Novatians at the Baptism of a Jewish Impostor.
Renewal of Hostilities between the Romans and Persians after the Death of Isdigerdes King of the Persians.
Of Palladius the Courier.
A Second Overthrow of the Persians by the Romans.
Kind Treatment of the Persian Captives by Acacius Bishop of Amida.
Virtues of the Emperor Theodosius the Younger.
After the Death of the Emperor Honorius John usurps the Sovereignty at Rome. He is destroyed through the Prayers of Theodosius the Younger.
Valentinian a Son of Constantius and Placidia, Aunt of Theodosius, is proclaimed Emperor.
Christian Benevolence of Atticus Bishop of Constantinople. He registers John's Name in the Diptychs. His Fore-knowledge of his Own Death.
Sisinnius is chosen to succeed Atticus.
Voluminous Productions of Philip, a Presbyter of Side.
Proclus ordained Bishop of Cyzicus by Sisinnius, but rejected by the People.
Nestorius of Antioch promoted to the See of Constantinople. His Persecution of the Heretics.
The Burgundians embrace Christianity under Theodosius the Younger.
Nestorius harasses the Macedonians.
Of the Presbyter Anastasius, by whom the Faith of Nestorius was perverted.
Desecration of the Altar of the Great Church by Runaway Slaves.
Synod at Ephesus against Nestorius. His Deposition.
Maximian elected to the Episcopate of Constantinople, though Some wished Proclus to take that Place.
The Author's Opinion of the Validity of Translations from One See to Another.
Miracle performed by Silvanus Bishop of Troas formerly of Philippopolis.
Many of the Jews in Crete embrace the Christian Faith.
Preservation of the Church of the Novatians from Fire.
Proclus succeeds Maximian Bishop of Constantinople.
Excellent Qualities of Proclus.
Panegyric of the Emperor Theodosius Younger.
Calamities of the Barbarians who had been the Usurper John's Allies.
Marriage of the Emperor Valentinian with Eudoxia the Daughter of Theodosius.
The Body of John Chrysostom transferred to Constantinople, and placed in the Church of the Apostles by the Emperor at the Instigation of Proclus.
Death of Paul Bishop of the Novatians, and Election of Marcian as his Successor.
The Empress Eudocia goes to Jerusalem; sent there by the Emperor Theodosius.
Thalassius is ordained Bishop of Cæsarea in Cappadocia.
The Ecclesiastical History of Sozomen.
Title Page.
Introduction.
Part I
Sozomen as Author.
Bibliography.
Conclusion.
Prefatory Remarks, by Valesius.
Memoir of Sozomen.
Address to the Emperor Theodosius by Salaminius Hermias Sozomen, and Proposal for an Ecclesiastical History.
Book I
Chapter I
Of the Bishops of the Large Towns in the Reign of Constantine; and how, from fear of Licinius, Christianity was professed cautiously in the East as far as Libya, while in the West, through the Favor of Constantine, it was professed with Freedom.
By the Vision of the Cross, and by the Appearance of Christ, Constantine is led to embrace Christianity.--He receives Religious Instruction from our Brethren.
Constantine commands the Sign of the Cross to be carried before him in Battle; an Extraordinary Narrative about the Bearers of the Sign of the Cross.
Refutation of the Assertion that Constantine became a Christian in consequence of the Murder of his son Crispus.
The Father of Constantine allows the Name of Christ to be Extended; Constantine the Great prepared it to Penetrate Everywhere.
Concerning the Dispute between Constantine and Licinius his Brother-In-Law about the Christians, and how Licinius was conquered by Force and put to Death.
List of the Benefits which Constantine conferred in the Freedom of the Christians and Building of Churches; and other Deeds for the Public Welfare.
Constantine enacts a Law in favor of Celibates and of the Clergy.
Concerning the Great Confessors who survived.
Account of St. Spyridon: His Modesty and Steadfastness.
On the Organization of the Monks: its Origin and Founders.
About Antony the Great and St. Paul the Simple.
Account of St. Ammon and Eutychius of Olympus.
The Arian Heresy, its Origin, its Progress, and the Contention which it occasioned among the Bishops.
Constantine, having heard of the Strife of the Bishops, and the Difference of Opinion concerning the Passover, is greatly troubled and sends Hosius, a Spaniard, Bishop of Cordova, to Alexandria, to abolish the Dissension among the Bishops, and to settle the Dispute about the Passover.
Of the Council convened at Nicæa on Account of Arius.
Two Philosophers are converted to the Faith by the Simplicity of Two Old Men with whom they hold a Disputation.
When the Council was assembled, the Emperor delivered a Public Address.
After having given Audience to both Parties, the Emperor condemned the Followers of Arius and banished them.
What the Council determined about Arius; the Condemnation of his Followers; his Writings are to be burnt; certain of the High Priests differ from the Council; the Settlement of the Passover.
Acesius, Bishop of the Novatians, is summoned by the Emperor to be present at the First Council.
Canons appointed by the Council; Paphnutius, a certain Confessor, restrains the Council from forming a Canon enjoining Celibacy to all who were about to be honored with the Priesthood.
Concerning Melitius; the Excellent Directions made by the Holy Council in his Complications.
The Emperor prepared a Public Table for the Synod, after inviting its Members to Constantinople, and honoring them with Gifts, he exhorted all to be of One Mind, and forwarded to Alexandria and every other place the Decrees of the Holy Synod.
Book II
Chapter I
Concerning Helena, the Mother of the Emperor; she visited Jerusalem, built Temples in that City, and performed other Godly Works: Her Death.
Temples Built by Constantine the Great; the City called by his Name; its Founding; the Buildings within it; the Temple of Michael the Archsoldier, in the Sosthenium, and the Miracles which have occurred there.
What Constantine the Great effected about the Oak in Mamre; he also built a Temple.
Constantine destroyed the Places dedicated to the Idols, and persuaded the People to prefer Christianity.
The Reason why under Constantine, the Name of Christ was spread throughout the Whole World.
How the Iberians received the Faith of Christ.
How the Armenians and Persians embraced Christianity.
Sapor King of Persia is excited against the Christians. Symeon, Bishop of Persia, and Usthazanes, a Eunuch, suffer the Agony of Martyrdom.
Christians slain by Sapor in Persia.
Pusices, Superintendent of the Artisans of Sapor.
Tarbula, the Sister of Symeon, and her Martyrdom.
Martyrdom of St. Acepsimas and of his Companions.
The Martyrdom of Bishop Milles and his Conduct. Sixteen Thousand Distinguished Men in Persia suffer Martyrdom under Sapor, besides Obscure Individuals.
Constantine writes to Sapor to stay the Persecution of the Christians.
Eusebius and Theognis who at the Council of Nice had assented to the Writings of Arius restored to their own Sees.
On the Death of Alexander, Bishop of Alexandria, at his Suggestion, Athanasius receives the Throne; and an Account of his Youth; how he was a Self-Taught Priest, and beloved by Antony the Great.
The Arians and Melitians confer Celebrity on Athanasius; concerning Eusebius, and his Request of Athanasius to admit Arius to Communion; concerning the Term “Consubstantial” Eusebius Pamphilus and Eustathius, Bishop of Antioch, create Tumults above all the rest.
Synod of Antioch; Unjust Deposition of Eustathius; Euphronius receives the Throne; Constantine the Great writes to the Synod and to Eusebius Pamphilus, who refuses the Bishopric of Antioch.
Concerning Maximus, who succeeded Macarius in the See of Jerusalem.
The Melitians and the Arians agree in Sentiment; Eusebius and Theognis endeavor to inflame anew the Disease of Arius.
The Vain Machinations of the Arians and Melitians against St. Athanasius.
Calumny respecting St. Athanasius and the Hand of Arsenius.
Some Indian Nations received Christianity at that Time through the Instrumentality of Two Captives, Frumentius and Edesius.
Council of Tyre; Illegal Deposition of St. Athanasius.
Erection of a Temple by Constantine the Great at Golgotha, in Jerusalem; its Dedication.
Concerning the Presbyter by whom Constantine was persuaded to recall Arius and Euzoïus from Exile; the Tractate concerning his Possibly Pious Faith, and how Arius was again received by the Synod assembled at Jerusalem.
Letter from the Emperor Constantine to the Synod of Tyre, and Exile of St. Athanasius through the Machination of the Arian Faction.
Alexander, Bishop of Constantinople; his Refusal to receive Arius into Communion; Arius is burst asunder while seeking Natural Relief.
Account given by the Great Athanasius of the Death of Arius.
Events which occurred in Alexandria after the Death of Arius. Letter of Constantine the Great to the Church there.
Constantine enacts a Law against all Heresies, and prohibits the People from holding Church in any place but the Catholic Church, and thus the Greater Number of Heresies disappear. The Arians who sided with Eusebius of Nicomedia, artfully attempted to obliterate the Term “Consubstantial.”
Marcellus Bishop of Ancyra; his Heresy and Deposition.
Death of Constantine the Great; he died after Baptism and was buried in the Temple of the Holy Apostles.
Book III
Chapter I
Return of Athanasius the Great from Rome; Letter of Constantine Cæsar, Son of Constantine the Great; Renewed Machinations of the Arians against Athanasius; Acacius of Berrœa; War between Constans and Constantine.
Paul, Bishop of Constantinople, and Macedonius, the Pneumatomachian.
A Sedition was excited on the Ordination of Paul.
The Partial Council of Antioch; it deposed Athanasius; it substituted Gregory; its Two Statements of the Faith; those who agreed with them.
Eusebius surnamed Emesenus; Gregory accepted Alexandria; Athanasius seeks Refuge in Rome.
High Priests of Rome and of Constantinople; Restoration of Paul after Eusebius; the Slaughter of Hermogenes, a General of the Army; Constantius came from Antioch and removed Paul, and was wrathfully disposed toward the City; he allowed Macedonius to be in Doubt, and returned to Antioch.
Arrival of the Eastern High Priests at Rome; Letter of Julius, Bishop of Rome, concerning them; by means of the Letters of Julius, Paul and Athanasius receive their own Sees; Contents of the Letter from the Archpriests of the East to Julius.
Ejection of Paul and Athanasius; Macedonius is invested with the Government of the Church of Constantinople.
The Bishop of Rome writes to the Bishops of the East in Favor of Athanasius, and they send an Embassy to Rome who, with the Bishop of Rome, are to investigate the Charges against the Eastern Bishops; this Deputation is dismissed by Constans, the Cæsar.
The Long Formulary and the Enactments issued by the Synod of Sardica. Julius, Bishop of Rome, and Hosius, the Spanish Bishop, deposed by the Bishops of the East, because they held Communion with Athanasius and the Rest.
The Bishops of the Party of Julius and Hosius held another Session and deposed the Eastern High Priests, and also made a Formulary of Faith.
After the Synod, the East and the West are separated; the West nobly adheres to the Faith of the Nicene Council, while the East is disturbed by Contention here and there over this Dogma.
Of the Holy Men who flourished about this time in Egypt, namely, Antony, the Two Macariuses, Heraclius, Cronius, Paphnutius, Putubastus, Arsisius, Serapion, Piturion, Pachomius, Apollonius, Anuph, Hilarion, and a Register of many other Saints.
Didymus the Blind, and Aëtius the Heretic.
Concerning St. Ephraim.
Transactions of that Period, and Progress of Christian Doctrine through the Joint Efforts of Emperors and Arch-Priests.
Concerning the Doctrines held by the Sons of Constantine. Distinction between the Terms “Homoousios” and “Homoiousios.” Whence it came that Constantius quickly abandoned the Correct Faith.
Further Particulars concerning the Term “Consubstantial.” Council of Ariminum, the Manner, Source, and Reason of its Convention.
Athanasius again reinstated by the Letter of Constantius, and receives his See. The Arch-Priests of Antioch. Question put by Constantius to Athanasius. The Praise of God in Hymns.
Letter of Constantius to the Egyptians in behalf of Athanasius. Synod of Jerusalem.
Epistle written by the Synod of Jerusalem in Favor of Athanasius.
Valens and Ursacius, who belonged to the Arian Faction, confess to the Bishop of Rome that they had made False Charges against Athanasius.
Letter of Conciliation from Valens and Ursacius to the Great Athanasius. Restoration of the Other Eastern Bishops to their own Sees. Ejection of Macedonius again; and Accession of Paul to the See.
Book IV
Chapter I
Constantius again ejects Athanasius, and banishes those who represented the Homoousian Doctrine. Death of Paul, Bishop of Constantinople. Macedonius: his Second Usurpation of the See, and his Evil Deeds.
Martyrdom of the Holy Notaries.
Campaign of Constantius in Sirmium, and Details concerning Vetranio and Magnentius. Gallus receives the Title of Cæsar, and is sent to the East.
Cyril directs the Sacerdotal Office after Maximus, and the Largest Form of the Cross, surpassing the Sun in Splendor, again appears in the Heavens, and is visible during several Days.
Photinus, Bishop of Sirmium. His Heresy, and the Council convened at Sirmium in Opposition thereto. The Three Formularies of Faith. This Agitator of Empty Ideas was refuted by Basil of Ancyra. After his Deposition Photinus, although solicited, declined Reconciliation.
Death of the Tyrants Magnentius and Silvanus the Apostate. Sedition of the Jews in Palestine. Gallus Cæsar is slain, on Suspicion of Revolution.
Arrival of Constantius at Rome. A Council held in Italy. Account of what happened to Athanasius the Great through the Machinations of the Arians.
Council of Milan. Flight of Athanasius.
Divers Machinations of the Arians against Athanasius, and his Escape from Various Dangers through Divine Interposition. Evil Deeds perpetrated by George in Egypt after the Expulsion of Athanasius.
Liberius, Bishop of Rome, and the cause of his being exiled by Constantius. Felix his Successor.
Aëtius, the Syrian, and Eudoxius, the Successor of Leontius in Antioch. Concerning the Term “Consubstantial.”
Innovations of Eudoxius censured in a Letter written by George, Bishop of Laodicea. Deputation from the Council of Ancyra to Constantius.
Letter of the Emperor Constantius against Eudoxius and his Partisans.
The Emperor Constantius repairs to Sirmium, recalls Liberius, and restores him to the Church of Rome; he also commands Felix to assist Liberius in the Sacerdotal Office.
The Emperor purposed, on account of the Heresy of Aëtius and the Innovations in Antioch, to convene a Council at Nicomedia; but as an Earthquake took place in that City, and many other Affairs intervened, the Council was first convened at Nicæa, and afterwards at Ariminum and Seleucia. Account of Arsacius, the Confessor.
Proceedings of the Council of Ariminum.
Letter from the Council at Ariminum to the Emperor Constantius.
Concerning the Deputies of the Council and the Emperor's Letter; Agreement of the Adherents of Ursacius and Valens afterwards with the Letter put forth; Exile of the Archbishops. Concerning the Synod at Nicæa, and the Reason why the Synod was held in Ariminum.
Events which took place in the Eastern Churches: Marathonius, Eleusius of Cyzicus, and Macedonius expel those who maintain the Term “Consubstantial.” Concerning the Churches of the Novatians; how one Church was Transported; the Novatians enter into Communion with the Orthodox.
Proceedings of Macedonius in Mantinium. His Removal from his See when he attempted to remove the Coffin of Constantine the Great. Julian was pronounced Cæsar.
Council of Seleucia.
Acacius and Aëtius; and how the Deputies of the Two Councils of Ariminum and of Seleucia were led by the Emperor to accept the Same Doctrines.
Formulary of the Council of Ariminum approved by the Acacians. List of the Deposed Chief-Priests, and the Causes of their Condemnation.
Causes of the Deposition of Cyril, Bishop of Jerusalem. Mutual Dissensions among the Bishops. Melitius is ordained by the Arians, and supplants Eustathius in the Bishopric of Sebaste.
Death of Macedonius, Bishop of Constantinople. What Eudoxius said in his Teaching. Eudoxius and Acacius strenuously sought the Abolition of the Formularies of Faith set forth at Nicæa and at Ariminum; Troubles which thence arose in the Churches.
Macedonius, after his Rejection from his See, blasphemes against the Holy Spirit; Propagation of his Heresy through the Instrumentality of Marathonius and Others.
The Arians, under the Impression that the divine Meletius upheld their Sentiments, translate him from Sebaste to Antioch. On his Bold Confession of the Orthodox Doctrines, they were confounded, and after they had deposed him they placed Euzoïus in the See. Meletius formed his own Church: but those who held to Consubstantiality turned away from him because he had been ordained by Arians.
The Partisans of Acacius again do not remain Quiet, but strive to abolish the Term “Consubstantial,” and to confirm the Heresy of Arius.
George, Bishop of Antioch, and the Chief-Priests of Jerusalem. Three Chief-Priests successively succeed Cyril; Restoration of Cyril to the See of Jerusalem.
Book V
Chapter I
The Life, Education, and Training of Julian, and his Accession to the Empire.
Julian, on his Settlement in the Empire, began quietly to stir up Opposition to Christianity, and to introduce Paganism artfully.
Julian inflicted Evils upon the Inhabitants of Cæsarea. Bold Fidelity of Maris, Bishop of Chalcedon.
Julian restores Liberty to the Christians, in order to execute Further Troubles in the Church. The Evil Treatment of Christians he devised.
Athanasius, after having been Seven Years concealed in the House of a Wise and Beautiful Virgin, reappears at that time in Public, and enters the Church of Alexandria.
Violent Death and Triumph of George, Bishop of Alexandria. The Result of Certain Occurrences in the Temple of Mithra. Letter of Julian on this Aggravated Circumstance.
Concerning Theodore, the Keeper of the Sacred Vessels of Antioch. How Julian, the Uncle of the Traitor, on Account of these Vessels, falls a Prey to Worms.
Martyrdom of the Saints Eusebius, Nestabus, and Zeno in the City of Gaza.
Concerning St. Hilarion and the Virgins in Heliopolis who were destroyed by Swine. Strange Martyrdom of Mark, Bishop of Arethusa.
Concerning Macedonius, Theodulus, Gratian, Busiris, Basil, and Eupsychius, who suffered Martyrdom in those Times.
Concerning Lucifer and Eusebius, Bishops of the West. Eusebius with Athanasius the Great and Other Bishops collect a Council at Alexandria, and confirm the Nicene Faith by defining the Consubstantiality of the Spirit with the Father and the Son. Their Decree concerning Substance and Hypostasis.
Concerning Paulinus and Meletius, Chief-Priests of Antioch; how Eusebius and Lucifer antagonized One Another; Eusebius and Hilarius defend the Nicene Faith.
The Partisans of Macedonius disputed with the Arians concerning Acacius.
Athanasius is again Banished; concerning Eleusius, Bishop of Cyzicus, and Titus, Bishop of Bostra; Mention of the Ancestors of the Author.
Efforts of Julian to establish Paganism and to abolish our Usages. The Epistle which he sent to the Pagan High-Priests.
In Order that he might not be thought Tyrannical, Julian proceeds artfully against the Christians. Abolition of the Sign of the Cross. He makes the Soldiery sacrifice, although they were Unwilling.
He prohibited the Christians from the Markets and from the Judicial Seats and from Sharing in Greek Education. Resistance of Basil the Great, Gregory the Theologian, and Apolinarius to this Decree. They rapidly translate the Scripture into Greek Modes of Expression. Apolinarius and Gregory Nazianzen do this more than Basil, the one in a Rhetorical Vein, the other in Epic Style and in Imitation of every Poet.
Work written by Julian entitled “Aversion to Beards.” Daphne in Antioch, a Full Description of it. Translation of the Remains of Babylas, the Holy Martyr.
In Consequence of the Translation, Many of the Christians are Ill-Treated. Theodore the Confessor. Temple of Apollo at Daphne destroyed by Fire falling from Heaven.
Of the Statue of Christ in Paneas which Julian overthrew and made Valueless; he erected his own Statue; this was overthrown by a Thunder-Bolt and destroyed. Fountain of Emmaus in which Christ washed his Feet. Concerning the Tree Persis, which worshiped Christ in Egypt, and the Wonders wrought through it.
From Aversion to the Christians, Julian granted Permission to the Jews to rebuild the Temple at Jerusalem; in every Endeavor to put their Hands to the Work, Fire sprang upward and killed Many. About the Sign of the Cross which appeared on the Clothing of those who had exerted themselves in this Work.
Book VI
Chapter I
He perished under Divine Wrath. Visions of the Emperor's Death seen by Various Individuals. Reply of the Carpenter's Son; Julian tossed his Blood aloft to Christ. Calamities which Julian entailed upon the Romans.
The Reign of Jovian; he introduced Many Laws which he carried out in his Government.
Troubles again arise in the Churches; Synod of Antioch, in which the Nicene Faith is confirmed; the Points which this Important Synod wrote about to Jovian.
Athanasius the Great is Very Highly Esteemed by the Emperor, and rules over the Churches of Egypt. Vision of Antony the Great.
Death of Jovian; The Life of Valentinian, and his Confidence in God; how he was advanced to the Throne and selected his Brother Valens to reign with him; the Differences of Both.
Troubles again arise in the Churches, and the Synod of Lampsacus is held. The Arians who supported Eudoxius prevail and eject the Orthodox from the Churches. Among the Ejected is Meletius of Antioch.
Revolt and Extraordinary Death of Procopius. Eleusius, Bishop of Cyzicus, and Eunomius, the Heretic. Eunomius succeeds Eleusius.
Sufferings of those who maintained the Nicene Faith. Agelius, the Ruler of the Novatians.
Concerning Valentinian the Younger and Gratian. Persecution under Valens. The Homoousians, being oppressed by the Arians and Macedonians, send an Embassy to Rome.
The Confession of Eustathius, Silvanus, and Theophilus, the Deputies of the Macedonians, to Liberius, Bishop of Rome.
Councils of Sicily and of Tyana. The Synod which was expected to be held in Cilicia is dissolved by Valens. The Persecution at that Time. Athanasius the Great flees again, and is in Concealment; by the Letter of Valens he reappears, and governs the Churches in Egypt.
Demophilus, an Arian, became Bishop of Constantinople after Eudoxius. The Pious elect Evagrius. Account of the Persecution which ensued.
Account of the Eighty Pious Delegates in Nicomedia, whom Valens burned with the Vessel in Mid-Sea.
Disputes between Eusebius, Bishop of Cæsarea, and Basil the Great. Hence the Arians took courage and came to Cæsarea, and were repulsed.
Basil becomes Bishop of Cæsarea after Eusebius; his Boldness towards the Emperor and the Prefect.
Friendship of Basil and of Gregory, the Theologian; being Peers in Wisdom, they defend the Nicene Doctrines.
The Persecution which occurred at Antioch, on the Orontes. The Place of Prayer in Edessa, called after the Apostle Thomas; the Assembly there, and Confession of the Inhabitants of Edessa.
Death of the Great Athanasius; the Elevation of Lucius, who was Arian-Minded, to the See; the Numerous Calamities he brought upon the Churches in Egypt; Peter, who served after Athanasius, passed over to Rome.
Persecution of the Egyptian Monks, and of the Disciples of St. Antony. They were enclosed in a Certain Island on Account of their Orthodoxy; the Miracles which they Wrought.
List of the Places in which the Nicene Doctrines were Represented; Faith manifested by the Scythians; Vetranio, the Leader of this Race.
At that Time, the Doctrine of the Holy Ghost was agitated, and it was decided that he is to be considered Consubstantial with the Father and the Son.
Death of Liberius, Bishop of Rome. He is succeeded by Damasus and Syricius. Orthodox Doctrines prevail Everywhere throughout the West, except at Milan, where Auxentius is the High-Priest. Synod held at Rome, by which Auxentius is deposed; the Definition which it sent by Letter.
Concerning St. Ambrose and his Elevation to the High Priesthood; how he persuaded the People to practice Piety. The Novatians of Phrygia and the Passover.
Concerning Apolinarius: Father and Son of that Name. Vitalianus, the Presbyter. On being dislodged from One Kind of Heresy, they incline to Others.
Eunomius and his Teacher Aëtius, their Affairs and Doctrines. They were the first who broached One Immersion for the Baptism.
Account Given, by Gregory the Theologian, of Apolinarius and Eunomius, in a Letter to Nectarius. Their Heresy was distinguished by the Philosophy of the Monks who were then Living, for the Heresy of these two held Nearly the Entire East.
Of the Holy Men who flourished at this Period in Egypt. John, or Amon, Benus, Theonas, Copres, Helles, Elias, Apelles, Isidore, Serapion, Dioscorus, and Eulogius.
Concerning the Monks of Thebaïs: Apollos, Dorotheus; concerning Piammon, John, Mark, Macarius, Apollodorus, Moses, Paul, who was in Ferma, Pacho, Stephen, and Pior.
Monks of Scetis: Origen, Didymus, Cronion, Orsisius, Putubatus, Arsion, Serapion, Ammon, Eusebius, and Dioscorus, the Brethren who are called Long, and Evagrius the Philosopher.
Concerning the Monks of Nitria, and the Monasteries called Cells; about the One in Rhinocorura; about Melas, Dionysius, and Solon.
Monks of Palestine: Hesycas, Epiphanius, who was afterwards in Cyprus, Ammonius, and Silvanus.
Monks of Syria and Persia: Battheus, Eusebius, Barges, Halas, Abbo, Lazarus, Abdaleus, Zeno, Heliodorus, Eusebius of Carræ, Protogenes, and Aones.
Monks of Edessa: Julianus, Ephraim Syrus, Barus, and Eulogius; Further, the Monks of Cœle-Syria: Valentinus, Theodore, Merosas, Bassus, Bassonius; and the Holy Men of Galatia and Cappadocia, and Elsewhere; why those Saints until recently were Long-Lived.
The Wooden Tripod and the Succession of the Emperor, through a Knowledge of its Letters. Destruction of the Philosophers; Astronomy.
Expedition against the Sarmatians; Death of Valentinian in Rome; Valentinian the Younger proclaimed; Persecution of the Priests; Oration of the Philosopher Themistius, on account of which Valens was disposed to treat those who differed from him more Humanely.
Concerning the Barbarians beyond the Danube, who were driven out by the Huns, and advanced to the Romans, and their Conversion to Christianity; Ulphilas and Athanarichus; Occurrences between them; whence the Goths received Arianism.
Concerning Mania, the Phylarch of the Saracens. When the Treaty with the Romans was dissolved, Moses, their Bishop, who had been ordained by the Christians, renewed it. Narrative concerning the Ishmaelites and the Saracens, and their Goods; and how they began to be Christianized through Zocomus, Their Phylarch.
Peter, having returned from Rome, regains the Churches of Egypt, after Lucius had given way; Expedition of Valens into the West against the Scythians.
Saint Isaac, the Monk, predicts the Death of Valens. Valens in his Flight enters a Chaff-House, is consumed, and so yields up his Life.
Book VII
Chapter I
Gratian elects Theodosius of Spain to reign with him, Arianism prevails throughout the Eastern Churches except that of Jerusalem. Council of Antioch. The Settlement of the Presidency of the Churches.
Concerning St. Meletius and Paulinus, Bishop of Antioch. Their Oath respecting the Episcopal See.
Reign of Theodosius the Great; he was initiated into Divine Baptism by Ascholius, Bishop of Thessalonica. The Letters he addressed to those who did not hold the Definition of the Council of Nice.
Gregory, the Theologian, receives from Theodosius the Government of the Churches. Expulsion of Demophilus, and of all who deny that the Son is “Consubstantial” with the Father.
Concerning the Arians; and Further, the Success of Eunomius. Boldness of St. Amphilochius toward the Emperor.
Concerning the Second Holy General Council, and the Place and Cause of its Convention. Abdication of Gregory the Theologian.
Election of Nectarius to the See of Constantinople; his Birthplace and Education.
Decrees of the Second General Council. Maximus, the Cynical Philosopher.
Concerning Martyrius of Cilicia. Translation of the Remains of St. Paul the Confessor, and of Meletius, Bishop of Antioch.
Ordination of Flavian as Bishop of Antioch, and Subsequent Occurrences on Account of the Oath.
Project of Theodosius to unify all the Heresies. The Propositions made by Agelius and Sisinius, the Novatians. At another Synod, the Emperor received those only who represent Consubstantiality; those who held a different View he ejected from the Churches.
Maximus the Tyrant. Concerning the Occurrences between the Empress Justina and St. Ambrose. The Emperor Gratian was killed by Guile. Valentinian and his Mother fled to Theodosius in Thessalonica.
Birth of Honorius. Theodosius leaves Arcadius at Constantinople, and proceeds to Italy. Succession of the Novatian and other Patriarchs. Audacity of the Arians. Theodosius, after destroying the Tyrant, celebrates a Magnificent Triumph in Rome.
Flavian and Evagrius, Bishops of Antioch. The Events at Alexandria upon the Destruction of the Temple of Dionysus. The Serapeum and the other Idolatrous Temples which were destroyed.
In What Manner, and from What Cause, the Functions of the Presbyter, Appointed to Preside over the Imposition of Penance, were abolished. Dissertation on the Mode of Imposing Penance.
Banishment of Eunomius by Theodosius the Great. Theophronius, his Successor; of Eutychus, and of Dorotheus, and their Heresies; of those called Psathyrians; Division of the Arians into Different Parties; those in Constantinople were more Limited.
Another Heresy, that of the Sabbatians, is originated by the Novatians. Their Synod in Sangarus. Account in Greater Detail of the Easter Festival.
A List Worthy of Study, Given by the Historian, of Customs among Different Nations and Churches.
Extension of our Doctrines, and Complete Demolition of Idolatrous Temples. Inundation of the Nile.
Discovery of the Honored Head of the Forerunner of our Lord, and the Events about it.
Death of Valentinian the Younger, Emperor in Rome, through Strangling. The Tyrant Eugenius. Prophecy of John, the Monk of Thebaïs.
Exaction of Tribute in Antioch, and Demolition of the Statues of the Emperor. Embassy headed by Flavian the Chief Priest.
Victory of Theodosius the Emperor over Eugenius.
Intrepid Bearing of St. Ambrose in the Presence of the Emperor Theodosius. Massacre at Thessalonica. Narrative of the other Righteous Deeds of this Saint.
St. Donatus, Bishop of Eurœa, and Theotimus, High-Priest of Scythia.
St. Epiphanius, Bishop of Cyprus, and a Particular Account of his Acts.
Acacius, Bishop of Berœa, Zeno, and Ajax, Men Distinguished and Renowned for Virtue.
Discovery of the Remains of the Prophets Habakkuk and Micah. Death of the Emperor Theodosius the Great.
Book VIII
Chapter I
Education, Training, Conduct, and Wisdom of the Great John Chrysostom; his Promotion to the See; Theophilus, Bishop of Alexandria, becomes his Confirmed Opponent.
Rapid Promotion of John to the Bishopric, and more Vehement Grappling with its Affairs. He re-establishes Discipline in the Churches everywhere. By sending an Embassy to Rome, he abolished the Hostility to Flavian.
Enterprise of Gaïnas, the Gothic Barbarian. Evils which he perpetrated.
John swayed the People by his Teachings. Concerning the Woman, a Follower of Macedonius, on account of whom the Bread was turned into a Stone.
Proceedings of John in Asia and Phrygia. Heraclides, Bishop of Ephesus, and Gerontius, Bishop of Nicomedia.
Concerning Eutropius, Chief of the Eunuchs, and the Law enacted by him. On being turned from the Church, he was put to Death. Murmurs against John.
Antiphonal Hymns against the Arians introduced by John. The Interests of the Orthodox are much augmented by the Teachings of John, while the Wealthy are More and More Enraged.
Serapion, the Archdeacon, and St. Olympias. Some of the Celebrated Men insolently bear down upon John, traducing him as Impracticable and Passionate.
Severian, Bishop of Gabales, and Antiochus, Bishop of Ptolemaïs. Dispute between Serapion and Severian. Reconciliation between them effected by the Empress.
Question agitated in Egypt, as to whether God has a Corporeal Form. Theophilus, Bishop of Alexandria, and the Books of Origen.
About the Four Brothers, called “The Long,” who were Ascetics, and of whom Theophilus was an Enemy; about Isidore and the Events which came about through these Four.
These Four repair to John on account of his Interest; for this Reason, Theophilus was enraged, and prepares himself to fight against John.
Perversity of Theophilus. St. Epiphanius: his Residence at Constantinople and Preparation to excite the People against John.
The Son of the Empress and St. Epiphanius. Conference between the “Long Brothers” and Epiphanius, and his Re-Embarkation for Cyprus. Epiphanius and John.
The Dispute between the Empress and John. Arrival of Theophilus from Egypt. Cyrinus, Bishop of Chalcedon.
Council held by Theophilus and the Accusers of John in Rufinianæ. John is summoned to attend, and not being present, was deposed by Them.
Sedition of the People against Theophilus; and they traduced their Rulers. John was recalled, and again came to the See.
Obstinancy of Theophilus. Enmity between the Egyptians and the Citizens of Constantinople. Flight of Theophilus. Nilammon the Ascetic. The Synod concerning John.
The Statue of the Empress; what happened there; the Teaching of John; Convocation of another Synod against John; his Deposition.
Calamities suffered by the People after the Expulsion of John. The Plots against him of Assassination.
Unlawful Expulsion of John from his Bishopric. The Trouble which followed. Conflagration of the Church by Fire from Heaven. Exile of John to Cucusus.
Arsacius elected to succeed John. The Evils wrought against the Followers of John. St. Nicarete.
Eutropius the Reader, and the Blessed Olympian, and the Presbyter Tigrius, are persecuted on account of their Attachment to John. The Patriarchs.
Since these Ills existed in the Church, Secular Affairs also fell into Disorder. The Affairs of Stilicho, the General of Honorius.
Two Epistles from Innocent, the Pope of Rome, of which one was addressed to John Chrysostom, and the other to the Clergy of Constantinople concerning John.
The Terrible Events which resulted from the Treatment of John. Death of the Empress Eudoxia. Death of Arsacius. And further concerning Atticus, the Patriarch, his Birthplace, and Character.
Effort of Innocent, Bishop of Rome, to recall John through a Council. Concerning those who were sent by him to make Trial of the Matter. The Death of John Chrysostom.
Book IX
Chapter I
Discovery of the Relics of Forty Holy Martyrs.
The Virtues of Pulcheria; Her Sisters.
Truce with Persia. Honorius and Stilicho. Transactions in Rome and Dalmatia.
The Different Nations took up Arms against the Romans, of whom some were, through the Providence of God defeated, and others brought to Terms of Amity.
Alaric the Goth. He assaulted Rome, and straitened it by War.
Innocent the Bishop of the Presbytery of Rome. He sent an Embassy to Alaric. Jovius, Prefect of Italy. Embassy dispatched to the Emperor. Events concerning Alaric.
Rebellion of Attalus and his General Heraclean; and how he eventually craved Forgiveness at the Feet of Honorius.
The Disturbance which the Greeks and Christians had about Attalus. The Courageous Saros; Alaric, by a Stratagem, obtains Possession of Rome, and protected the Sacred Asylum of the Apostle Peter.
A Roman Lady who manifested a Deed of Modesty.
The Tyrants who in the West at that Time rebelled against Honorius. They are wholly destroyed on account of the Emperor's Love of God.
Theodosiolus and Lagodius. The Races of the Vandals and Suevi. Death of Alaric. Flight of the Tyrants Constantine and Constans.
Concerning Gerontius, Maximus, and the Troops of Honorius. Capture of Gerontius and his Wife; their Death.
Constantine. The Army of Honorius and Edovicus his General. Defeat of Edovicus by Ulphilas, the General of Constantine. Death of Edovicus.
Constantine throws aside the Emblems of Imperial Power, and is ordained as Presbyter; his Subsequent Death. Death of the other Tyrants who had conspired against Honorius.
Honorius the Ruler, a Lover of God. Death of Honorius. His Successors, Valentinian, and Honoria his Daughter; the Peace which was then Worldwide.
Discovery of the Relics of Zechariah the Prophet, and of Stephen the Proto-Martyr.
General Indexes
General Index to Socrates' Ecceliastical History
General Index to Sozomen's Ecceliastical History
Indexes
Index of Scripture References
Greek Words and Phrases
German Words and Phrases
French Words and Phrases
Index of Pages of the Print Edition
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